''Nepenthes ovata'' is a tropical

pitcher plant Pitcher plants are several different carnivorous plants which have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—a prey-trapping mechanism featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher p ...

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

. The

specific epithet In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

''ovata'' is

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

for "

ovate Ovate may refer to: *Ovate (egg-shaped) leaves, tepals, or other botanical parts *Ovate, a type of prehistoric stone hand axe *Ovates, one of three ranks of membership in the Welsh Gorsedd *Vates In modern English, the nouns vates () and ovat ...

" and refers to the shape of the lower pitchers.

Botanical history

''Nepenthes ovata'' was first collected as early as November 1840 or 1841 by

Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn Friedrich Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn was a German botanist and geologist. His father, Friedrich Junghuhn was a barber and a surgeon. His mother was Christine Marie Schiele. Junghuhn studied medicine in Halle and in Berlin from 1827 to 1831, meanwhile ...

Mount Lubukraya Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. Mount Everest. Mount or Mounts may also refer to: Places * Mount, Cornwall, a village in Warleggan parish, England * Mount, Perranzabuloe, a hamlet in Perranzabuloe parish, C ...

(Loeboekraja). Junghuhn collected two specimens at an elevation of 1990 m. Their growth habit is recorded as "''in silvis cacuminis supremi scandens, repens''", which means "in woods above peak creeping, climbing". One of the specimens, H.L.B. 908,155-870, was originally deposited at

Herbarium Lugduno-Batavum A herbarium (plural: herbaria) is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study. The specimens may be whole plants or plant parts; these will usually be in dried form mounted on a sheet of paper (called ...

Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...

, while the other, H.A.R.T. 000252, was deposited at Herbarium Academicum Rheno-Traiectinum, the herbarium of the

University of Utrecht Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...

. They are now held at the

National Herbarium of the Netherlands National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

. Both consist of male plant material.

In his seminal monograph "

The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies" is a seminal monograph by B. H. Danser on the tropical pitcher plants of the Dutch East Indies and surrounding regions. It was originally published in the ''Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg'' ...

", published in 1928, B. H. Danser referred the plant material collected by Junghuhn to '' N. bongso''. Danser also treated specimens of '' N. talangensis'' under this

taxon In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...

. These two species were again confused with ''N. bongso'' in a 1973 article on the ''Nepenthes'' of

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

and

, authored by botanist

Shigeo Kurata is a Japanese botanist and '' Nepenthes'' taxonomist whose work in the 1960s and 1970s contributed much to the current popularity of these plants.Clarke, C.M. & C.C. Lee 2004. ''Pitcher Plants of Sarawak''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), ...

.Clarke, C.M. 2001. ''

Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia ''Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia'' is a monograph by Charles Clarke on the tropical pitcher plants of Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, and their minor surrounding islands. It was published in 2001 by Natural History Publications (Borneo ...

''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. In the 1983 book ''Carnivorous Plants of the World in Colour'' by Katsuhiko and Masahiro Kondo, a photograph of ''N. ovata'' is identified as '' N. pectinata''. Many authors consider the latter to be conspecific with '' N. gymnamphora''. Either way, the species bears little resemblance to ''N. ovata''. ''Nepenthes ovata'' was formally described in 1994 by

Joachim Nerz Dr. Joachim Nerz (born 1964) is a German taxonomist and botanist specialising in the carnivorous plant genera ''Heliamphora'' and '' Nepenthes''. Nerz has described several new species, mostly with Andreas Wistuba. Publications * Schlauer, J. ...

and

Andreas Wistuba Andreas Wistuba (born 4 March 1967) is a German taxonomist and botanist specialising in the carnivorous plant genera ''Heliamphora'' and '' Nepenthes''. More than half of all known ''Heliamphora'' species have been described by Wistuba. Pub ...

. The

holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several ...

, ''Nerz 1601'', was collected on March 16, 1989, on the west ridge of

Mount Pangulubao Mount Pangulubao or Pangulubau ( id, Gunung Pangulubao) is a mountain near Lake Toba in Sumatra. Mount Pangulubao is notable for its large number of native tropical pitcher plant species. These include ''Nepenthes ampullaria'', ''Nepenthes gymnam ...

at an altitude of 1800 m. It consists of a rosette with pitchers. Two other specimens were collected at the same time and location. ''Nerz 1602'' includes a vine with pitchers and male flowers, while ''Nerz 1603'' consists of a vine with male flowers. All three specimens are deposited at the

. In their monograph " A skeletal revision of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae)", published in 1997,

Matthew Jebb Matthew Hilary Peter Jebb (born 1958) is an Irish botanist and taxonomist specialising in the ant plant genera ''Squamellaria'', ''Myrmecodia'', ''Hydnophytum'', ''Myrmephytum'' and ''Anthorrhiza'', as well as the carnivorous plant genus ''Nepe ...

and

Martin Cheek Martin Roy Cheek (born 1960) is a botanist and taxonomist at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.N. densiflora''. One of these specimens, ''Frey-Wyssling 43'', was collected on Mount Pangulubao at 1800 m, which is the type locality of ''N. ovata''. It consists of an immature rosette and a lower pitcher. A second specimen, ''Frey-Wyssling 13'', was collected in Dolok "Baros", also at 1800 m. Finally, ''Opperhout'' 27/11/1929 was taken on that date from the summit of Dolok Sempenan at 1600 m. It consists of a rosette and a lower pitcher with its lid missing. Despite this, it can be identified as belonging to ''N. ovata'' based on the structure of the

peristome Peristome (from the Greek ''peri'', meaning 'around' or 'about', and ''stoma'', 'mouth') is an anatomical feature that surrounds an opening to an organ or structure. Some plants, fungi, and shelled gastropods have peristomes. In mosses In mosses, ...

. All three specimens are deposited at the

Bogor Botanical Gardens The Bogor Botanical Gardens ( id, Kebun Raya Bogor) is a botanical garden located in Bogor, Indonesia, 60 km south of central Jakarta. It is currently operated by Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Indonesian: ''Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indo ...

(formerly the Herbarium of the Buitenzorg Botanic Gardens) in

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...

. Two further specimens of ''N. ovata'', ''Nepenthes Team (Hernawati, P. Akhriadi & I. Petra) NP 373'' and ''377'', were collected on December 16, 2003, as part of a conservation expedition focusing on ''Nepenthes''. They were taken from Mount Pangulubao at an altitude of between 1500 and 2100 m. Both are deposited at the herbarium of

Andalas University Andalas University ( id, Universitas Andalas, abbreviated ''Unand'') is a public research university in Padang, West Sumatra. Andalas is one of the major public institution of higher learning in Indonesia, and the oldest outside the island of Java ...

Padang Padang () is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra. With a Census population of 1,015,000 as of 2022, it is the 16th most populous city in Indonesia and the most populous city on the west coast of Sumatra. Th ...

West Sumatra West Sumatra ( id, Sumatra Barat) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. The province has an area of , with a population of 5, ...

.Akhriadi, P., Hernawati & R. Tamin 2004
A new species of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae) from Sumatra.
''Reinwardtia'' 12(2): 141–144.

Description

''Nepenthes ovata'' is a climbing plant. The stem grows to 5 m in length and 6 mm in diameter. Internodes are cylindrical and up to 15 cm long.

Leaves are

coriaceous This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general. Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary o ...

in texture and

sessile Sessility, or sessile, may refer to: * Sessility (motility), organisms which are not able to move about * Sessility (botany), flowers or leaves that grow directly from the stem or peduncle of a plant * Sessility (medicine), tumors and polyps that ...

to broadly sub-petiolate. The

lamina Lamina may refer to: Science and technology * Planar lamina, a two-dimensional planar closed surface with mass and density, in mathematics * Laminar flow, (or streamline flow) occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption betwee ...

lanceolate The following is a list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflets). The edge of the leaf may be regular o ...

spathulate This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general. Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary o ...

and reaches 12 cm in length and 4 cm in width. It usually has an acute apex and is gradually

attenuate In physics, attenuation (in some contexts, extinction) is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. For instance, dark glasses attenuate sunlight, lead attenuates X-rays, and water and air attenuate both light and sound at variable a ...

towards the base. Three longitudinal veins, which originate near the base of the lamina, are present on either side of the

midrib This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general. Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary o ...

Pinnate Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis. Pinnation occurs in biological morphology, in crystals, such as some forms of ice or metal crystals, and in ...

veins are indistinct.

Tendril In botany, a tendril is a specialized stem, leaf or petiole with a threadlike shape used by climbing plants for support and attachment, as well as cellular invasion by parasitic plants such as ''Cuscuta''. There are many plants that have tendr ...

s may be up to 18 cm long. Their insertion at the end of the lamina is

apical Apical means "pertaining to an apex". It may refer to: *Apical ancestor, refers to the last common ancestor of an entire group, such as a species (biology) or a clan (anthropology) *Apical (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features loc ...

. Rosette and lower pitchers are either

infundibular An infundibulum (Latin for ''funnel''; plural, ''infundibula'') is a funnel-shaped cavity or organ. Anatomy * Brain: the pituitary stalk, also known as the ''infundibulum'' and ''infundibular stalk'', is the connection between the hypothalamus and ...

in the lower third to half and ovoid above, or ovoid throughout. They reach 25 cm in height and 9 cm in width. A pair of fringed wings (≤15 mm wide) runs down the front of the pitcher. The glandular region covers the lower third to half of the inner surface. The glands are overarched and occur at a density of 400 to 1300 per square centimetre. The pitcher mouth is round and elongated into a wide neck. The

is flattened, expanded, and up to 40 mm wide. A series of teeth (≤7 mm wide) line its inner margin. The peristome ribs are spaced 0.5 to 1.5 mm apart. Pitchers bear 14 to 18 longitudinal nerves across their height. The pitcher lid is ovate and usually has a hook-shaped appendage on the underside near the peristome. A branched

spur A spur is a metal tool designed to be worn in pairs on the heels of riding boots for the purpose of directing a horse or other animal to move forward or laterally while riding. It is usually used to refine the riding aids (commands) and to back ...

(≤5 mm long) is inserted near the base of the lid.

Upper pitchers arise abruptly from the ends of the tendrils, forming a 20 to 30 mm wide curve. They are cylindrical in the lower part and infundibular above. They reach 20 cm in length and 6 cm in width. The wings are reduced to ribs in aerial pitchers. The peristome is broadly cylindrical, up to 10 mm wide, and bears small but distinct teeth. The peristome ribs are spaced 0.5 to 1 mm apart. Upper pitchers also bear 14 to 18 longitudinal nerves. The mouth is horizontal and elongated into a short neck near the lid. ''Nepenthes ovata'' has a

racemose A raceme ( or ) or racemoid is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing flowers having short floral stalks along the shoots that bear the flowers. The oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the s ...

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

. Female inflorescences are usually slightly larger than male ones. The peduncle may be up to 7 cm long, while the

rachis In biology, a rachis (from the grc, ῥάχις [], "backbone, spine") is a main axis or "shaft". In zoology and microbiology In vertebrates, ''rachis'' can refer to the series of articulated vertebrae, which encase the spinal cord. In this c ...

reaches 10 cm in length.

Pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence. Such inflorescences are described as ''pedicellate''. Description Pedicel refers to a structure connecting a single flower to its inflorescence. In the absenc ...

are

bract In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or of ...

eolate and up to 5 mm long.

Sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined b ...

s are lanceolate and up to 3 mm long. The stem, leaves, and pitchers have a sparse

indumentum In biology, an indumentum (Latin, literally: "garment") is a covering of trichomes (fine "hairs") on a plant Davis, Peter Hadland and Heywood, Vernon Hilton (1963) ''Principles of angiosperm taxonomy'' Van Nostrandpage, Princeton, New Jersey, pa ...

. Inflorescences have a denser covering of hairs. Lower pitchers are usually green to red with a dark red peristome. Upper pitchers are yellowish-green and often have a striped peristome.

Ecology

''Nepenthes ovata'' is endemic to a number of mountains in

North Sumatra North Sumatra ( id, Sumatra Utara) is a province of Indonesia located on the northern part of the island of Sumatra. Its capital and largest city is Medan. North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province after West Java, East Java and ...

, particularly in the

Lake Toba Lake Toba ( id, Danau Toba) ( Toba Batak: ᯖᯀᯬ ᯖᯬᯅ; romanized: ''Tao Toba'') is a large natural lake in North Sumatra, Indonesia, occupying the caldera of a supervolcano. The lake is located in the middle of the northern part of the ...

region. It grows in stunted

mossy forest A cloud forest, also called a water forest, primas forest, or tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF), is a generally tropical or subtropical, evergreen, montane, moist forest characterized by a persistent, frequent or seasonal low-level cloud c ...

and ridge top vegetation, often among ''

Sphagnum ''Sphagnum'' is a genus of approximately 380 accepted species of mosses, commonly known as sphagnum moss, peat moss, also bog moss and quacker moss (although that term is also sometimes used for peat). Accumulations of ''Sphagnum'' can store wa ...

'' moss. On

, the species usually occurs terrestrially, while on

it often grows as an

epiphyte An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...

. It has also been recorded from

Mount Simanukmanuk Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. Mount Everest. Mount or Mounts may also refer to: Places * Mount, Cornwall, a village in Warleggan parish, England * Mount, Perranzabuloe, a hamlet in Perranzabuloe parish, C ...

. The species has an altitudinal distribution of 1700–2100 m

above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...

.Clarke, C. .1997
Another Nice Trip to Sumatra
''

Carnivorous Plant Newsletter The ''Carnivorous Plant Newsletter'' is the official publication of the International Carnivorous Plant Society (ICPS), the largest such organization in the world. It is headquartered in Walnut Creek, California. History and editorship The newsle ...

'' 26(1): 4–10.McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. ''

Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java This list of ''Nepenthes'' literature is a listing of major published works dealing with the tropical pitcher plants of the genus ''Nepenthes''. It includes specialised standalone publications and taxonomic monographs released as part of larger ...

''. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

On Mount Pangulubao, ''N. ovata'' grows sympatrically with '' N. gymnamphora'' ('' N. xiphioides''), '' N. mikei'',Salmon, B.R. & R.G. Maulder 1995
Two New Species of ''Nepenthes'' from North Sumatra, Indonesia
''

'' 24(3): 77–85. '' N. rhombicaulis'', '' N. spectabilis'', and '' N. tobaica''. At another location it grows alongside '' N. flava''.Wistuba, A., J. Nerz & A. Fleischmann 2007
flava'', a new species of Nepenthaceae from the northern part of Sumatra
''Blumea'' 52(1): 159–163.

Natural hybrid In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction. Hybrids are not always intermediates between their parents (such as in ...

s with all of these species except ''N. tobaica'' have been recorded. Despite its restricted distribution, ''N. ovata'' is no longer considered threatened and its

conservation status The conservation status of a group of organisms (for instance, a species) indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation ...

has been updated to

Least concern A least-concern species is a species that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as evaluated as not being a focus of species conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wild. T ...

on the

IUCN Red List The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biol ...

Related species

''Nepenthes ovata'' is closely related to a number of other Sumatran highland species, including '' N. bongso'', '' N. densiflora'', and '' N. singalana''. Its distinguishing feature is the

gland In animals, a gland is a group of cells in an animal's body that synthesizes substances (such as hormones) for release into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). Structure De ...

ular appendage on the underside of the lid. This structure is usually hook-shaped, but may vary considerably in morphology. ''Nepenthes ovata'' is thought to be most closesly related to ''N. bongso''. The glandular crest that is so characteristic of ''N. ovata'' has also been observed in some forms of ''N. bongso''.

Charles Clarke Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010, and served as Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006. Early life Th ...

writes that he is "reluctant to distinguish ''N. ovata'' from 'N. bongso''using this criterion only and sunable to suggest any other features that might serve this purpose". However, he retains ''N. ovata'' as a distinct species, noting that although the appendage may be present in ''N. bongso'', this is rarely the case and even then it is usually less developed than in ''N. ovata''. ''Nepenthes ovata'' is also similar to '' N. densiflora'', with which it has been confused in the past. The two species can be reliably distinguished on the basis of the hook-shaped appendage, which is never present in ''N. densiflora''. In addition, the lower pitchers of ''N. densiflora'' have an elongated neck that is far longer than the same structure in ''N. ovata''. Furthermore, ''N. densiflora'' has differently shaped sepals in male and female flowers, whereas those of ''N. ovata'' are the same. In their description of ''N. ovata'',

and

compared the species to '' N. singalana''. They noted that ''N. ovata'' differs in having an

acuminate The following is a list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflets). The edge of the leaf may be regular o ...

lamina apex, whereas ''N. singalana'' has a rounded apex. The two species also differ in the distribution of nectar glands on the underside of the lid. ''Nepenthes ovata'' has numerous glands near the midrib and is densely glandular near and on the hook-shaped appendage. In comparison, ''N. singalana'' is only sparsely glandular near the midrib and bears no glands near the lid apex. '' Nepenthes rigidifolia'' also bears some similarities to ''N. ovata'', but can be distinguished on the basis of its thicker leaves, sub-apical tendril insertion, and mostly ovoid upper pitchers. In their description of the

n species '' N. naga'', the authors compared it to ''N. ovata''.Akhriadi, P., Hernawati, A. Primaldhi & M. Hambali 2009
''Nepenthes naga'', a new species of Nepenthaceae from Bukit Barisan of Sumatra
. ''Reinwardtia'' 12(5): 339–342. They distinguished it on the basis of its

dichotomous A dichotomy is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets). In other words, this couple of parts must be * jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and * mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultan ...

lid appendage and frilled lid.

Natural hybrids

In the wild, ''N. ovata'' occurs sympatrically with a number of different ''Nepenthes'' species. At least five natural hybrids involving ''N. ovata'' has been recorded, four of which are found on Mount Pangulubao. ''Nepenthes ovata'' × '' N. spectabilis'' is known to occur along the summit trail of Mount Pangulubao. This hybrid produces pitchers roughly intermediate in appearance between its parent species. The peristome is flattened and expanded, but to a lesser degree than in ''N. ovata''. The speckles of ''N. spectabilis'' are present, but the pitchers have a much lighter colouration. Most examples of this hybrid grow terrestrially and some climb into the forest canopy. ''N. ovata'' × '' N. rhombicaulis'' has also been recorded from the mountain. In addition,

Bruce Salmon The English language name Bruce arrived in Scotland with the Normans, from the place name Brix, Manche in Normandy, France, meaning "the willowlands". Initially promulgated via the descendants of king Robert the Bruce (1274−1329), it has been a ...

and

Ricky Maulder Ricky may refer to: Places *Říčky (Brno-Country District), a village and municipality in the Czech Republic *Říčky v Orlických horách, a village in the north of the Czech Republic *Rickmansworth, a town in England sometimes called "Ricky" ...

found '' N. mikei'' × ''N. ovata'' and '' N. gymnamphora'' × ''N. ovata'' on Mount Pangulubao. Some authors consider ''N. xiphioides'' to be distinct from ''N. gymnamphora'' and so this hybrid is sometimes listed as ''N. ovata'' × ''N. xiphioides''.

observed several natural hybrids with '' N. flava'', including ''N. flava'' × ''N. ovata''. Most specimens were juvenile rosette plants.

Notes

:a.The original

description reads:

Folia mediocria, sessilia. lamina angusta lanceolata, spathulata, apicemversus acuminata. Bass subcordata semiamplexicaulis. Vagina O. Ascidia rosularum ovato conica, alis 2 fimbriatis, peristomio operculum versus elevato acuminato expanso 15-40 mm lath, coatis 0,5-1,5 mm distantibus, dentibus 5x longioribus quam latis. Operculo cordato-ovato, facie inferiore prope basin apendice lateraliter applanata obsito. Ascidia superiora magnitudine mediocria infundibuliformia, costis 2 prominentibus. Peristomio operculum versus acuminato in collum breve elongato, applanato, antice 2-5 mm, operculum versus 5-20 mmlato. Costis distantibus 0,5 -1 mm, dentibus 5 x longioribus quam latis. Operculo cordato-ovato, facie inferiore prope basin apendice lateraliter applanata obsito. Inflorescentia racemus longus, pedicellis inferioribus 10-15 mm longis, fere omnibus 2-floris. Indumentum in partibus vegetativis parcissimum.

References

* Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous ''Nepenthes'' pitcher plants. ''Journal of Evolutionary Biology'' 25(1): 90–102. * Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. ''

A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra This list of ''Nepenthes'' literature is a listing of major published works dealing with the tropical pitcher plants of the genus ''Nepenthes''. It includes specialised standalone publications and taxonomic monographs released as part of larger ...

''. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor. * Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. ''Plant Biology'' 3(2): 164–175. * Meimberg, H. 2002. Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich. * Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. ''Plant Biology'' 8(6): 831–840.

External links

''Nepenthes ovata'' in its natural habitat
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5460412 Carnivorous plants of Asia ovata Plants described in 1994