The Nepal Workers Peasants Party (NWPP), also known as the Nepal Workers' and Peasants' Party and the Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party ( ne, नेपाल मजदुर किसान पार्टी; abbr. , ), is a

communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

political party in Nepal. The party was founded on 23 January 1975 by

Narayan Man Bijukchhe Narayan Man Bijukchhe ( ne, नारायणमान बिजुक्छे, party name 'Rohit';Parajulee, Ramjee P. The Democratic Transition in Nepal'. Rowman & Littlefield, 2000. p. 57 born March 9, 1939Name: Narayan Man Bijukchhe alias ' ...

and draws most of its support from

Bhaktapur , motto = ne, पुर्खले सिर्जेको सम्पत्ती, हाम्रो कला र संस्कृति , lit=Creation of our ancestors, our heritage and culture , image_map ...

. The party is sympathetic to the

Workers' Party of Korea The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) is the founding and sole ruling party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly known as North Korea. Founded in 1949 from the merger of the Workers' Party of North Korea and the Workers' Party of ...

and has declared ''

Juche ''Juche'' ( ; ), officially the ''Juche'' idea (), is the state ideology of North Korea and the official ideology of the Workers' Party of Korea. North Korean sources attribute its conceptualization to Kim Il-sung, the country's founder and ...

'' to be a "directional ideology".

History

Foundation and early years (1975–1981)

The Nepal Workers' and Peasants' Party was founded as the Nepal Workers and Peasants Organization (NPWO) in Nepal on 23 January 1975. The NPWO broke away from the

Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal) The Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal) was a communist splinter group led by Pushpa Lal Shrestha. The party emerged in 1968, as Pushpa Lal organized a separate party congress in Gorakhpur, India. History After the 1962 convention of the r ...

in protest over

Pushpa Lal Shrestha Pushpa Lal Shrestha ( ne, पुष्पलाल श्रेष्ठ) (1924 – 22 July 1978) was a Nepali politician, considered to be the father of Nepali communism. He was the founding general secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal as ...

's support for Indian intervention in

East Pakistan East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India ...

, together with the

Proletarian Revolutionary Organisation, Nepal The Communist Unity Contact Forum Nepal ( ne, कम्युनिष्ट एकता सम्पर्क समिति नेपाल) was a Nepalese communist organisation. It was founded in July 1974 by communists who had developed diff ...

, and the

Mazdoor Kisan Sangram Samiti Mazdoor Kisan Sangram Samiti ( hi, मजदूर किसान संग्राम समिति, 'Worker-Peasant Struggle Association') was a mass organisation in Bihar, India. MKSS was founded in 1981 by Dr. Vinayan, Arvind Ji and other ...

. In 1981, the NWPO split, and two separate parties came into existence. One party was led by

, which later became the Nepal Workers' and Peasants' Party and the other was led by Hareram Sharma.Rawal, Bhim Bahadur. ''Nepalma samyabadi andolan: udbhab ra vikas''. Kathmandu: Pairavi Prakashan. Chart nr. 1.

Jana Andholan I and II (1990–2007)

Posters for Nepal Workers Peasants Party in KTM

Bijukchhe's NWPO formed part of the United Left Front and took part in the 1990

Jana Andolan The 1990 People's Movement ( ne, २०४६ जनआन्दोलन, 2046 Jana Andolan) was a multiparty movement in Nepal that brought an end to absolute monarchy and the beginning of constitutional monarchy. It also eliminated the Panch ...

uprising. It participated in the formation of the

Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal The United People's Front of Nepal ( ne, संयुक्त जनमोर्चा नेपाल, Sanyukta Janamorcha Nepal), abbreviated SJM, was the front of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre), or CPN (UC). History Formation ...

but left shortly before the 1991 election. The group changed its name to the Nepal Workers Peasants Party and contested the election separately. It fielded 30 candidates, out of whom two were elected. The party received a total of 91,335 votes, or 1.25%. Ahead of the 1992 elections to local bodies, the NWPP formed an electoral coalition with the Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal,

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist) The Communist Party of Nepal ( ne, नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी), abbreviated CPN, was a communist party in Nepal from 1949 to 1962. It was founded on 15 September 1949 to struggle against the autocratic Rana ...

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) The Communist Party of Nepal was founded in Calcutta, India, on 15 September 1949. Communist Party of Nepal may also refer to: * Communist Party of Nepal (2006) * Communist Party of Nepal (2013) * Communist Party of Nepal (2014) * Communist Part ...

, and Nepal Communist League. Nemakipamuralbhaktapur2006- (11)

NWPP was active in the protest movements against repression in

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mai ...

and is a member of the

Seven Party Alliance The Seven Party Alliance was a coalition of seven Nepali political parties seeking to end autocratic rule in the country. They spearheaded the Loktantra Andolan. The alliance was made up of the following parties: * Nepali Congress * Nepali Congr ...

which spearheaded the 2006

Loktantra Andolan The 2006 Democracy Movement ( ne, text=लोकतन्त्र आन्दोलन, translit=Loktantra Āndolan) is a name given to the political agitations against the direct and undemocratic rule of King Gyanendra of Nepal. The movement ...

. After the restoration of a democratic system, the party decided not to join the government, but stayed in the Seven Party Alliance, which later converted into the

Eight Party Alliance The Seven Party Alliance was a coalition of seven Nepali political parties seeking to end autocratic rule in the country. They spearheaded the Loktantra Andolan. The alliance was made up of the following parties: * Nepali Congress * Nepali Congr ...

. When the interim legislature was formed in January 2007, Bijukchhe was joined by three other nominated MPs.

Constituent Assembly and Federal Nepal (2008–present)

The party contested the 2008 Constituent Assembly elections and won four seats to the

Constituent Assembly A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose of drafting or revising a constitution. Members of a constituent assembly may be elected b ...

. The party also had one nominated member. In the 2013 Constituent Assembly elections, the party again won four seats. The party voted for Khadga Prasad Oli in the prime minister election on 12 October 2015. In the 2017 local elections, the party won 99 seats across local governments and won one mayoral position, with

Sunil Prajapati Sunil Prajapati ( ne, सुनिल प्रजापति) is a Nepalese politician who is the current mayor of Bhaktapur, belonging to the Nepal Workers Peasants Party. In the 1999 Nepalese legislative election, 1999 parliamentary election ...

being elected as the mayor of

Bhaktapur Municipality , motto = ne, पुर्खले सिर्जेको सम्पत्ती, हाम्रो कला र संस्कृति , lit=Creation of our ancestors, our heritage and culture , image_map ...

. The party also contested the 2017 legislative and provincial elections, winning one seat in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often c ...

and two seats to the

Provincial Assembly of Province No. 3 The Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province also known as the Bagmati Pradesh Sabha, (Nepali: वाग्मती प्रदेश सभा) is a unicameral governing and law making body of Bagmati Province, one of the seven provinces in N ...

Ideology

The Nepal Workers Peasants Party is a communist party, with the party taking major inspiration from the

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

Mao Zedong Thought Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Chi ...

ideology. The guiding economic principle of the party is

scientific socialism Scientific socialism is a term coined in 1840 by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in his book ''What is Property?'' to mean a society ruled by a scientific government, i.e., one whose sovereignty rests upon reason, rather than sheer will: Thus, in a given ...

. In recent years, the party has incorporated the ''Juche'' idea as a guiding principle. After visiting

North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...

, party leader

has attempted to implement the governing policies of ''Juche'' into the city of

. Portraits of the Kim family can be found at the party headquarters in Bhaktapur. The party sees

political independence Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the statu ...

and

economic self-sufficiency Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person or organization needs little or no help from, or interaction with, others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-s ...

as the cornerstones of development. The party also sees India as an imperialist force working against Nepalese interests.

List of Members of Parliament

List of Pratinidhi Sabha members from Nepal Majdoor Kishan Party

Electoral performance

Legislative elections

Provincial elections

Bagmati

References

{{Political parties in Nepal Communist parties in Nepal Juche political parties 1975 establishments in Nepal Political parties established in 1975