The Nepal Sadbhavana Party (NSP; ne, नेपाल सदभावना पार्टी) was a

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mai ...

that worked for rights of the

Madhesi people Madheshi people ( ne, मधेशी) is a term used for several groups of people living in the Terai region of Nepal, literally meaning the people of ''Madhesh''. It has also been used as a political pejorative term by the Pahari people of Nep ...

and discriminated communities and groups of Nepal. On 21 April 2017, the party merged with Tarai Madhes Loktantrik Party,

Sadbhavana Party Sadbhavana Party is a political party in Nepal. The party emerged from a major split in the Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandidevi) in the summer of 2007. Laxman Lal Karna was the joint chair of the party. History Initially the party also used th ...

, Terai Madhes Sadbhawana Party, Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum (Republican) and Rastriya Madhesh Samajwadi Party to form

Rastriya Janata Party Nepal The Rastriya Janata Party, Nepal, abbr. ''RJPN'' ( ne, राष्ट्रिय जनता पार्टी, नेपाल, translation: National People's Party, Nepal) was the fourth-largest political party in Nepal after the Nepali Co ...

History

The party was founded in 1985, as the Nepal Sadbhavana Council, by Gajendra Narayan Singh. In domestic affairs, it aimed at promoting the interests and citizenship of the Madhesi community of the

Terai The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in northern India and southern Nepal that lies south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Sivalik Hills, and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This lowland belt is characterised by tall grasslands, scr ...

Region, favored the introduction of Maithili as the second national language, and supported the framework of a democratic socialist society. Within the bipolar framework of the

Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...

, it worked for the establishment of a special relationship with

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

and

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

in the framework of nonalignment. Govinda Sah is central spokesperson of Nepal Sadbhawana Party. Nepal Sadbhawana Parishad participated in the democratic movement in Nepal. After the People's Movement of 1990 against the monarchical Panchyati Regime, NSP participated in the multi-party system that was re-established in

. In 1990, it transformed into NSP. NSP took part in several coalition governments in

during the 1990s. At the last

legislative A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known as p ...

elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operate ...

before the

King of Nepal The King of Nepal (traditionally known as the Mahārājdhirāja i.e. Great King of Kings; it can also be translated as "Sovereign Emperor" ( ne, श्री ५ महाराजधिराज)) was Nepal's head of state and monarch from 1768 ...

took power, 3 May and 16 May 1999, the party won 3.2% of the popular vote and five out of 205 seats. In July 2001, Singh reorganised the NSP central committee.

Rajendra Mahato Rajendra Mahato (; born 19 November 1958) is a Nepalese politician, who was serving as the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Urban Development since 4 June 2021 but was removed from the post by Supreme Court on 22 June 2021 making the ten ...

was appointed general secretary and Sarita Giri as Central Spokesperson

Badri Prasad Mandal Badri may refer to: Films * ''Badri'' (2000 film), Telugu movie * ''Badri'' (2001 film), Tamil movie People Surname * Omar el-Badri, Libyan politician, 7th Secretary General of OPEC * Abdallah Salem el-Badri, Libyan politician, 20th and 27th Se ...

and Hridesh Tripathy, both members of parliament, were nominated vice-presidents. Mr. Gauri Shankar Mohpal was appointed as member of Central Committee who held position as Vice president earlier. Gajendra Narayan Singh died on January 23, 2002. Badri Prasad Mandal was appointed acting party chairman after Singh's death.

Splits, 2003–2015

At the 4th NSP general convention, held in

Rajbiraj Rajbiraj ( ne, राजविराज) is a mid-sized municipality located in the south-eastern part of Madhesh Province of Nepal. Rajbiraj is the district headquarters of Saptari and is the eighth largest city in the province. The township of ...

in March 2003, the party split into two. A group led by the widow of Singh, Anandi Devi Singh and Hridesh Tripathy broke away and formed the

Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandidevi) Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandidevi) is a political party in Nepal. The party was formed in March 2003 by Anandidevi Singh in March 2003, after the Nepal Sadbhavana Party chairman Badri Prasad Mandal had joined the government installed by King Gya ...

. The remaining group elected Badri Prasad Mandal as the new chairman of the party. The convention elected a Central Working Committee, consisting of Badri Prasad Mandal, Ramnarayan Yadav, Bisheswor Rajbanshi, Dilip Kumar Dhadewa, Bishwonath Singh Rajbanshi, Chandrakala Singh Kuswah, Manish Kumar Suman, Satyanarayan Yadav, Dipendra Kumar Chaudhary, Sitaram Mandal, Durga Chaudhary, Dr. Dambar Narayan Yadav, Rajkumar Gupta, Laxman Lal Karna, Amrita Agrahari and Devendra Mishra. In 2007, Mandal was expelled from the party. Laxman Lal Karna became the new party chairman. In June 2007, NSP merged into NSP(A). After the demise of Gajendra Narayan Singh the party came to be overshadowed by some of the other

Madhesh Madhesh Province ( Nepali language, Nepali/ mai, मधेश प्रदेश) is a Provinces of Nepal, province of Nepal that was formed after the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal. It is Nepal's most populous province, and smallest prov ...

based parties coming into existence, which affected the party's strength. Also because of some dissatisfaction among the Nepal Sadbhawana Party's leaders the party broke into several pieces resulting into formation of several “Sadbhawana Parties”. under

Anil Kumar Jha Anil Kumar Jha ( ne, अनिल कुमार झा) is a Nepali politician who served as a member of the Federal Parliament of Nepal, House Of Representatives, representing Rautahat 1 (constituency), Rautahat-1 constituency from 2017-2022. ...

Sarita Giri Sarita may refer to: Sarah”, meaning “woman of high rank, Princess, essence, speckled”. --> People * Sarita Choudhury (born 1966), British-Indian actress * Sarita Khajuria (1974–2003), British-Indian actress * Sarita Joshi (born 1941 ...

, Bikash Tiwari and

Shyam Sundar Gupta Shyam Sundar Gupta (born 31 December 1938) is an Indian politician. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Barh (Lok Sabha constituency), Barh, Bihar in the Lok Sabha the lower house of Parliament of India, India's Parliament as a member ...

Merger and dissolution, 2015–2017

In 2015, the Sanghiya Sadbhawna Party, led by Anil Kumar Jha, merged with the Nepal Sadbhawana Party. Anil Kumar Jha became the chair of the integrated party, while Sarita Giri became the vice chairperson and

Rajeev Jha The Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha (JTMM) (Nepali language, Nepali: जनतान्त्रिक तराई मुक्ति मोर्चा, ''Janatāntrika Tarāī Muktī Morcā'', "Terai People's Liberation Front;" also Terai Janat ...

became the General Secretary. In early October 2015, Sarita Giri quit the Nepal Sadbhawana Party. Later Nepal Sadbhawana Party merged with another four smaller parties:

Madhesh Rastra Jantantrik Party (Krantikari) Madhesh Province ( Nepali/ mai, मधेश प्रदेश) is a province of Nepal that was formed after the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal. It is Nepal's most populous province, and smallest province by area. It borders Province No ...

Social Republican Party The Social Republican Party ( km, គណបក្សសាធារណរដ្ឋសង្គម; french: Parti républicain social, PRS) was a right-wing politics, right-wing List of political parties in Cambodia, political party in Cambodia, f ...

, Nepal Republican People's Party and Jantantrik Terai Madhesh Mukti Tigers. Other local political leaders from

, from different parties in Mahottari, Bara and

Rupandehi Rupandehi District ( ne, रुपन्देही जिल्ला; ), a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal and covers an area of . The district headquarter is Bhairahawa. As per the national census 2011 ...

, also joined NSP. Following unification the party celebrated its silver jubilee, and participated in relief distribution after the devastating earthquake in Nepal. NSP's 6th General Convention in

Janakpur Janakpurdham or Janakpur ( ne, जनकपुर, ) is a sub-metropolitan city in Dhanusha District, Province No. 2, Madhesh Province, Nepal. The city is a hub for religious and cultural tourism. A headquarter of Dhanusha District, Dhanusha dist ...

took place in April 2016.

Electoral performance

References

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External links