''Neofabraea'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family

Dermateaceae The Dermateaceae is a family of cup fungi in the order Helotiales. Most species in this family are plant pathogens but some are saprobes. Genera This is a list of genera in the family, based on the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota. '' Aivenia'' &mda ...

. The genus contains 12 species.

Taxonomy

A morphological monograph of ''Neofabraea'' and the related ''Pezicula'' and their asexual states stimulated the description of many new species and a multigene phylogeny based on rDNA,

RPB2 DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''POLR2B'' gene. This gene encodes the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. ...

and TUB2 (beta- tubulin) sequences. Many of the asexual states were formerly classified in the

coelomycete Coelomycetes are a form-class of fungi, part of what has often been referred to as Fungi imperfecti, Deuteromycota, or anamorphic fungi. These are conidial fungi where the conidia form in a growing cavity in the host's tissue. The fruiting stru ...

genus '' Cryptosporiopsis''.

Morphology

Sexual states are often associated with cankers on bark, and are leathery black, brown, grey, or reddish apothecia about 1-2 mm diam. that usually lack a stipe, and have 8-spored cylindrical to club-shaped

asci ASCI or Asci may refer to: * Advertising Standards Council of India * Asci, the plural of ascus, in fungal anatomy * Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative * American Society for Clinical Investigation * Argus Sour Crude Index * Association of ...

, often with an apical ring, and ellipsoidal to curved 1-celled, hyaline

ascospores An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or ...

that sometimes germinate and produce conidia from phialides. Asexual states have stromatic coelomycetous conidiomata (which are often

sporodochium A sporodochium (pl. sporodochia) is a small, compact stroma (mass of hyphae) usually formed on host plants parasitised by mitosporic fungi of the form order Tuberculariales ( subdivision Deuteromycota, class Hyphomycetes). This stroma bears the c ...

-like when growing in agar culture) with slimy, cylindrical, ellipsoidal or fusiform 1-celled macro

conidia A conidium ( ; ), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (), is an asexual, non-motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also called mitospores due to the ...

and/or 1-celled cylindrical microconidia.

Ecology and pathology

Most ''Neofabraeae'' species are temperate and associated with living trees; they often sporulate or maker cankers on recently killed or fallen branches, or are isolated as endophytes from living branches or roots. Some species are weak bark, leaf or root pathogens. Some ''Neofabraea'' species are serious

plant pathogen Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomyc ...

s in

apple An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple fruit tree, trees are agriculture, cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus ''Malus''. The tree originated in Central Asia, wh ...

and

pear Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and harvested in the Northern Hemisphere in late summer into October. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus ''Pyrus'' , in the family Rosaceae, bearing the p ...

orchards around the world that canker-bearing trees are usually removed. ''

Neofabraea malicorticis ''Neofabraea malicorticis'' is a plant pathogen that causes bull's-eye rot on apple and pear Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and harvested in the Northern Hemisphere in late summer into October. Th ...

'', ''N. perennans'' and ''N. keinholzii'' cause apple

anthracnose A plant canker is a small area of dead tissue, which grows slowly, often over years. Some cankers are of only minor consequence, but others are ultimately lethal and therefore can have major economic implications for agriculture and horticultur ...

and post-harvest bull's eye rot. Bull's eye rot is somewhat amenable to control by fungicides, but effectiveness varies by species. Conventional and

multiplex PCR Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (Multiplex PCR) refers to the use of polymerase chain reaction to amplify several different DNA sequences simultaneously (as if performing many separate PCR reactions all together in one reaction). This process ...

assays for several species are available, derived from TUB2 (beta- tubulin) sequences.

References

External links

*
Neofabraea
' at Index Fungorum {{Taxonbar, from=Q10597162 Dermateaceae Dermateaceae genera

Taxonomy

Morphology

Ecology and pathology

See also

References

External links