Negrine is a town and
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in
Tébessa Province
Tébessa ( ar, ولاية تبسة) is a province (''wilayah'') of Algeria. Tébessa is also the name of the capital, which in ancient times it was known as ''Theveste''. Another important city is El Ouenza. Tébessa is located only 20 kilomete ...
in north-eastern
Algeria
)
, image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Algiers
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, relig ...
. It was the site of ancient Casae Nigrae, a settlement of Roman North Africa with an attached bishopric that remains a Latin Catholic
titular see
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbis ...
.
Geography
Negrine is located in the
Negrine District
Negrine District is a district of Tébessa Province, Algeria
)
, image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Algiers
, coordina ...
of the sahara of Tébessa Province, NE Algeria. It is north of the
Chott el Ghasa, near the borders of
Tunisia
)
, image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa
, image_map2 =
, capital = Tunis
, largest_city = capital
, ...
n border and has an elevation of above
sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardise ...
.
The village population was 9445 inhabitants in 2008. The landscape is generally arid and the topography is generally flat, interspersed with long low
mesa
A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge or hill, which is bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas characteristically consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks capped by a ...
s transecting the countryside.
Average annual rainfall is between with the winter being the main wet season. Average temperatures range from in winter to in July.
History
During prehistoric times Negrine was within the
Capsian
The Capsian culture was a Mesolithic and Neolithic culture centered in the Maghreb that lasted from about 8,000 to 2,700 BC. It was named after the town of Gafsa in Tunisia, which was known as Capsa in Roman times.
Capsian industry was concentr ...
cultural area, which lasted from BC to 5400 BC.
Snail shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a Gastropoda, gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium s ...
s and piles of
ash
Ash or ashes are the solid remnants of fires. Specifically, ''ash'' refers to all non-aqueous, non- gaseous residues that remain after something burns. In analytical chemistry, to analyse the mineral and metal content of chemical samples, ash ...
which include mixed tools and kitchen refuse are some of the defining cultural elements of the Capsian culture, as well as engraved
ostrich
Ostriches are large flightless birds of the genus ''Struthio'' in the order Struthioniformes, part of the infra-class Palaeognathae, a diverse group of flightless birds also known as ratites that includes the emus, rheas, and kiwis. There ...
eggs.
Negrine was known as Casae Nigrae during the time of the
Roman
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
,
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
and
Vandal
The Vandals were a Germanic people who first inhabited what is now southern Poland. They established Vandal kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean islands, and North Africa in the fifth century.
The Vandals migrated to the area betw ...
empires (30 BC – AD 640). It was located in the province of
Numidia, North Africa. Casae Nigrae was also known as Nigrenses Maiores during this period. There are extensive Roman ruins in the desert between Negrine and
Tebessa, Algeria.
The area was incorporated into the
Maghreb
The Maghreb (; ar, الْمَغْرِب, al-Maghrib, lit=the west), also known as the Arab Maghreb ( ar, المغرب العربي) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of North Africa and the Arab world. The region includes Algeria, ...
in the 7th century and today the area is home to the
Nemencha The Nemencha are a large tribal confederation of Berber and Arab inhabiting North Africa. They are composed of four clans, in a territory in Algeria that bears their name, the Plateau Nemencha.
The Nemencha are neighbors of the Berber tribes Fraic ...
, a tribe of
Berber extraction.
Ecclesiastical history
The town was the seat of one of many
suffragan bishopric
A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations.
In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdiction ...
s in
Numidia during Roman and Vandal times. It was the birthplace of
Donatus Magnus
Donatus Magnus, also known as Donatus of Casae Nigrae, became leader of a schismatic sect known as the Donatists in North Africa, Algeria. He is believed to have died in exile around 355.
Life
Little is known of his early life because of the com ...
, the founder and namesake of the
Donatist Church, and the Donatist movement was influential in the town. Christian influence, however, effectively ended after the Muslim conquest of the 640s AD.
Known residential bishops include :
* Donatus the Great (fl. 311–312), founder of the schismatic heretical
Donatist
Donatism was a Christian sect leading to a schism in the Church, in the region of the Church of Carthage, from the fourth to the sixth centuries. Donatists argued that Christian clergy must be faultless for their ministry to be effective and the ...
movement
* Ianvarianus (fl. 394–411), a Donatist bishop
* Felix (fl. 484), a Catholic bishop
Titular see
In 1933 the diocese was nominally restored as a Latin
Titular bishopric
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbish ...
in the
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
, named Casæ nigræ (Latin) / Case nere (Curiate Italian).
It has had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank:
* Francis Costantin Mazzieri
Conventual Friars Minor (O.F.M. Conv.) (26 Nov. 1965 – retired 14 Dec. 1970), on emeritate as former only
Apostolic Prefect of
Ndola
Ndola is the third largest city in Zambia and third in terms of size and population, with a population of 475,194 (''2010 census provisional''), after the capital, Lusaka, and Kitwe, and the second largest in terms of infrastructure development aft ...
(
Zambia
Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
) (1938 – 1949.01.13), promoted only
Apostolic Vicar
Apostolic may refer to:
The Apostles
An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission:
*The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles
*Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Chur ...
of
Ndola
Ndola is the third largest city in Zambia and third in terms of size and population, with a population of 475,194 (''2010 census provisional''), after the capital, Lusaka, and Kitwe, and the second largest in terms of infrastructure development aft ...
(1949.01.13 – 1959.04.25) and Titular Bishop of
Cœliana (1949.01.13 – 1959.04.25), again promoted first Suffragan Bishop of
Ndola
Ndola is the third largest city in Zambia and third in terms of size and population, with a population of 475,194 (''2010 census provisional''), after the capital, Lusaka, and Kitwe, and the second largest in terms of infrastructure development aft ...
(1959.04.25 – 1965.11.26); died 1983
* Michael Patrick Olatunji Fagun (28 June 1971 – 30 July 1972) as
Auxiliary Bishop of
Ondo (Nigeria) (1971.06.28 – 1972.07.30); later only Bishop of
Ado-Ekiti
Ado Ekiti is the capital city of Ekiti State, Nigeria. It is the headquarter of the Ekiti central senatorial district, southwest, Nigeria.
History
Ado Ewi is an ancient city, founded by Ewi Awamaro the son of Biritikolu. Awamaro (the restles ...
(
Nigeria
Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
) (1972.07.30 – 1972.12.11), restyled first Bishop of
Ekiti (Nigeria) (1972.12.11 – retired 2010.04.17)
*
Heriberto Correa Yepes
Heriberto Correa Yepes (August 6, 1916 – September 9, 2010) was a Colombian Prelate of Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Cedeño, Colombia and was ordained a priest on November 12, 1939, from the religious order of Misioneros Javerianos ...
,
Yarumal Society for the Foreign Missions (M.X.Y.)(29 Jan. 1973 – death 9 Sept. 2010) as Apostolic Vicar of
Buenaventura (
Colombia) (1973.01.29 – 1996.11.30) and on emeritate; previously Apostolic Prefect of
Mitú
Mitú () is the capital town of the department of Vaupés in Colombia. It is a small town located in South eastern Colombia in the Amazon Basin. Founded in 1936, Mitú lies next to the Vaupés River at 180 meters above sea level. It is where th ...
(Colombia) (1953.03.27 – 1967)
*
José Carlos Chacorowski
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ).
In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...
,
Lazarists
, logo =
, image = Vincentians.png
, abbreviation = CM
, nickname = Vincentians, Paules, Lazarites, Lazarists, Lazarians
, established =
, founder = Vincent de Paul
, fou ...
(C.M.) (22 Dec. 2010 – 19 June 2013), as Auxiliary Bishop of
São Luís do Maranhão
SAO or Sao may refer to:
Places
* Sao civilisation, in Middle Africa from 6th century BC to 16th century AD
* Sao, a town in Boussé Department, Burkina Faso
* Saco Transportation Center (station code SAO), a train station in Saco, Maine, U ...
(Brazil) (2010.12.22 – 2013.06.19); later Bishop of
Caraguatatuba (Brazil) (2013.06.19 – ...)
*
Robert Anthony Llanos (13 July 2013 – ...)
[Le Petit Episcopologe, Issue 215, Number 17,868.] as Auxiliary Bishop of
Port of Spain (
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean. Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous much smaller islands, it is situated south of ...
) (2013.07.13 – ...); also
Apostolic Administrator
An Apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic adm ...
of
Saint John’s–Basseterre (
Antigua and Barbuda) (2016.04.29 – ...).
See also
*
List of Catholic dioceses in Algeria
Current dioceses
All Roman Rite
;''Ecclesiastical province of Alger''
* Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Alger; united with the titular see of Iulia Caesarea (Ancient bishopric at Alger)
** suffragan Roman Catholic Diocese of Consta ...
References
Sources and external links
GCatholic- (former and) titular bishopric
{{coord, 34, 29, N, 7, 31, E, display=title, region:DZ_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki
Communes of Tébessa Province
Archaeological sites in Algeria
Cities in Algeria
Algeria