The Nebo-SVU (also known as 1L119) (in Cyrillic: Небо-СВУ, 1Л119) is an
very high frequency
Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves ( radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten meters to one meter.
Frequencies immediately below VHF ...
multi-functional radar and first radar with an
active electronically scanned array
An active electronically scanned array (AESA) is a type of phased array antenna, which is a computer-controlled array antenna in which the beam of radio waves can be electronically steered to point in different directions without moving the an ...
antenna operating in the metric wavelength. The radar was introduced in 2001 as a replacement for Nebo-SV. Nebo-SVU radars can detect F-22, B-2, F-35 warplanes.
It can locate aircraft or other flying object with
radar cross-section
Radar cross-section (RCS), also called radar signature, is a measure of how detectable an object is by radar. A larger RCS indicates that an object is more easily detected.
An object reflects a limited amount of radar energy back to the source. ...
at .
History
VHF radar systems have wavelengths comparable to aircraft feature sizes and should exhibit scattering in the resonance region rather than the optical region, allowing most stealth aircraft to be detected. Soviet Union was known for developing VHF radars with counter-stealth capability as P-12 and P-18 radars. Request to detect stealthy aircraft's and provide anti aircraft systems with their coordinates prompted
Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering
The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) is a Russian electronics company specializing in the development and manufacturing of radar equipment. It is a subsidiary of the Almaz-Antey group.
History
Founded in 1947, NNI ...
(NNIIRT) to develop VHF AESA Nebo-SVU with digital signal processors, which is capable of performing target acquisition for Surface-to-air missile batteries such is
S-300 missile system
The S-300 (NATO reporting name SA-10 Grumble) is a series of long range surface-to-air missile systems developed and operated by the former Soviet Union, now fielded by the militaries of Russia and Ukraine as well as several other former Easte ...
or
S-400 missile system
The S-400 Triumf (russian: link=no, C-400 Триумф – Triumf; translation: Triumph; NATO reporting name: SA-21 Growler), previously known as the S-300 PMU-3, is a mobile, surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed in the 1990s by Russ ...
. Despite the advantages offered by VHF radar in detection of stealth aircraft's, their longer wavelengths result in lower resolution when compared to size of X-band radar array.
Design and description
Nebo-SVU is a solid state phased array with electronic beam steering in azimuth and elevation, more accurate than Nebo SV with much better mobility and incorporates a wide range of improvements. It retains as predecessor VHF element design, but has a difference as it uses vertical polarization. It has an array of 84 (14×6) vertically polarized VHF Yagis each with a 3/8 folded dipole and director element. MTFB is contributed to modern technology used in production.
It is produced by
Almaz-Antey
JSC Concern VKO "Almaz-Antey" (russian: link=no, ОАО "Концерн ВКО "Алмаз-Антей"») is a Russian state-owned company in the arms industry, a result of a merger of Antey Corporation and NPO Almaz, unifying some of the nat ...
concern.
Radar Nebo SVU consists of:
* antenna-hardware post (AAP) on the semi-trailer ChMZAP 9907.2
* diesel power plants (DPPs)
** ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M4 (or ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M6) on the chassis of the Ural vehicle or
** ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M5 (or ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M7) on the chassis of a KamAZ vehicle
Deployment
Nebo-SVU is used to control arctic airspace by
45th Air and Air Defenсe Forces Army
The 45th Air and Air Defense Army is an army of the Russian Air Force, part of the Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command. It is the successor to the naval aviation of the Northern Fleet.
History
The 45th Army of the Air Force and Air Defense o ...
of
Northern Fleet
Severnyy flot
, image = Great emblem of the Northern Fleet.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Northern Fleet's great emblem
, start_date = June 1, 1733; Sov ...
.
Operators
*
*
See also
*
Nebo-M
The Nebo-M or Nebo-ME (in Cyrillic: 55Ж6МЕ «Небо-МЕ», Nebo means "sky") also known as RLM-ME or 55Zh6ME (export version) is an integrated multi-functional radar system that features a multiple programmable multi-band design radars an ...
References
{{reflist
Russian and Soviet military radars