Natolin faction was a faction within the leadership of the communist

Polish United Workers' Party The Polish United Workers' Party ( pl, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza; ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other lega ...

(Polish: PZPR). Formed around 1956, shortly after the

20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held during the period 14–25 February 1956. It is known especially for First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev's "Secret Speech", which denounced the personality cult and dictatorship ...

, it was named after the place where its meetings took place, in a government villa in

Natolin Natolin is a residential neighborhood in Ursynów, the southernmost district of Warsaw. Until the 1980s, Natolin and its neighbouring area Wolica, was a small village located right outside the city limits, with numerous orchards. After that it wa ...

. The main opposition to the Natolines was the reformist Puławian faction, which united many party members of

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

origin.

1956 in Poland Political history of Poland Polish United Workers' Party Natolinians were against the post-

Stalinist Stalinism is the means of governing and Marxist-Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union from 1927 to 1953 by Joseph Stalin. It included the creation of a one-party totalitarian police state, rapid industrialization, the theory o ...

liberalization programs (the " thaw") and they proclaimed simple nationalist and anti-Soviet slogans as part of a strategy to gain power. The most well known members included

Franciszek Jóźwiak Franciszek Jóźwiak (born 20 October 1895 in Huta — died 23 October 1966 in Warsaw) was a Polish communist politician, military commander, chief of staff of the People's Guard, the People's Army and the Citizen's Militia as well as deputy c ...

, Wiktor Kłosiewicz,

Zenon Nowak Zenon Nowak (27 January 1905 – 21 August 1980) was a Communist activist and politician in the People's Republic of Poland. He was one of the members of the pro-Soviet Natolin faction of the PZPR Central Committee during the Polish October ...

, Aleksander Zawadzki, Franciszek Mazur, Władysław Kruczek, Kazimierz Mijal, Władysław Dworakowski, Hilary Chełchowski. After the 8th Plenum of Central Committee of

PZPR The Polish United Workers' Party ( pl, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza; ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other lega ...

in October 1956 the faction suffered a major setback as the First Secretary of the Party, Wladysław Gomulka, chose to back (and in return, be supported by) the Pulawians. Both the Natoline and the Pulawian factions disappeared towards the end of the 1950s. Witold Jedlicki described the struggle between Natolins and the Pulawians in the booklet “Oafs and Jews” (Chamy i Żydy).{{Cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O9WgGwAACAAJ&dq=Chamy+i+%C5%BBydy, title="Chamy" i "Żydy", last=Jedlicki, first=Witold, date=1980, publisher=Wydawnictwo Krąg, language=pl

References

Stalinism in Poland Anti-revisionist organizations