The National Tuberculosis Institute (acronym NTIB)
is a
Government of India
The Government of India (ISO: ; often abbreviated as GoI), known as the Union Government or Central Government but often simply as the Centre, is the national government of the Republic of India, a federal democracy located in South Asia, c ...
institute, under the ''Directorate General of Health Services'',
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is an Indian government ministry charged with health policy in India. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in India.
The Minister of Health and Family Welfare ...
, dedicated to advanced research on
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...
. The Institute is located along
Bellary
Bellary, officially Ballari, in the eponymous Bellary district, is a city in the state of Karnataka, India.
History
Bellary was a part of Rayalaseema (Ceded Districts) which was part of Madras Presidency till 1 November 1956.
The Ball ...
Road, in
Bengaluru
Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...
,
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...
state, India.
Profile
![RobertKoch](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/RobertKoch.jpg)
The National Tuberculosis Institute owes its origin to the findings of a 1955-58 survey conducted by the
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) where high incidence of
pulmonary tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in w ...
was found across the country. Acting on the survey findings, the Government of India initiated actions to start an advanced research institute solely dedicated to the cause and, as a result, NTIB was established in 1959, on a property, ''Avalon'', donated by the then
Maharajah of Mysore
The maharaja of Mysore was the king and principal ruler of the southern Indian Kingdom of Mysore and briefly of Mysore State in the Indian Dominion roughly between the mid- to late-1300s and 1950.
In title, the role has been known by differe ...
. The technical assistance was provided by the
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of h ...
and the Institute procured the equipment through
UNICEF
UNICEF (), originally called the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund in full, now officially United Nations Children's Fund, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing Humanitarianism, humanitarian and Devel ...
assistance.
The Institute has, ever since, been active in research projects and studies and has been successful in formulating a ''TB Control Program'' for the country which incorporates the clinical, epidemiological and sociological aspects of the disease. It is involved in activities such as training of medical and paramedical staff and personnel across the country, formulating policies and programs in accordance with the WHO recommended
DOTS
Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, "The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of T ...
strategies, planning, coordinating and executing research on the disease and its epidemiology, monitoring of programs, campaigns and impacts and documentation and dissemination of knowledge through print and audio-visual media.
The Institute was accredited as a ''WHO Collaborating Centre'' for TB research and training in 1985.
Programs
Training programs
The primary activity of the Training Department of the Institute is to train the medical and
paramedical
A paramedic is a registered healthcare professional who works autonomously across a range of health and care settings and may specialise in clinical practice, as well as in education, leadership, and research.
Not all ambulance personnel are p ...
personnel, both as career-based and in-service courses, to groom them for training the staff working at the primary health centres and other lower strata medical facilities in the country. The course, ''Training of Trainers'' (TOT), is a two-week course, open to medical and paramedical personnel in the District Medical Centres and medical colleges.
The other training courses offered by the Institute are:
* State TB Training and Demonstration Centre (STDC)
Training: Three week course for STDC personnel such as
Epidemiologist
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and risk factor, determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population.
It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decision ...
s,
Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology -- a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically Pathogenic bacteria, pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learnin ...
s,
Statistician
A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors.
It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects, and statisticians may wor ...
s, TB specialists and trainers.
*
RNTCP Modular Training: The course is designed as modular and is aimed at Senior Treatment Supervisors (STS) and Senior TB Laboratory Supervisors (STLS) and other training officers of the District Medical Centres.
* Training for Program Managers: Two week program for the Senior TB Officers (STO) and the Medical Officers (MO) aimed at developing the managerial and computer skills.
* Post graduate Training: 10-day program for the master's degree students in Community Medicine, Chest Medicine and General Medicine and the mode of training is through practicals and presentations.
* Training for NGOs and Private Practitioners: Two day course for private practitioners and NGOs as per recommendations from the State or Central TB Divisions.
* Training of WHO Fellows: This is a special program for
WHO
Who or WHO may refer to:
* Who (pronoun), an interrogative or relative pronoun
* Who?, one of the Five Ws in journalism
* World Health Organization
Arts and entertainment Fictional characters
* Who, a creature in the Dr. Seuss book '' Horton He ...
Fellows and is conducted on request and recommendation from WHO.
NTIB also conducts regular seminars, workshops and conference for easy dissemination of knowledge and information.
Research programs
![Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Tuberculosis-prevalence-WHO-2009.svg)
NTIB undertakes research programs on a regular basis, two of the current programs are:
Capture-recapture to estimate incidence, periodic prevalence and completeness of Tuberculosis cases reporting under RNTCP in
Tumkur
Tumkur, officially renamed as Tumakuru, is a city located in the southern part of Indian state of Karnataka. Tumkur is situated at a distance of northwest of Bangalore, the state capital along NH 48 and NH 73. It is the headquarters of the ...
district: The program aims to estimate the incidence and period prevalence of the disease in Tumkur district in Karnataka and arrive at the case finding efficiency of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP).
The research methodology is based on ''capture-recapture'' method where the patient record is compared with various other data sources.
Challenges in implementation of diagnostic
algorithm
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm () is a finite sequence of rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific Computational problem, problems or to perform a computation. Algorithms are used as specificat ...
for patients having symptoms suggestive of pulmonary TB with smear negative report initial sputum examination: The project is focussed on preparing a database of smear test negative patients under RNTCP in the districts of Mysore, Mandya, Chikkamangalur and Shimoga, chart out the system and patient constraints and to document the behavioural patterns of the patients for preparing a diagnostic algorithm. The methodology deployed is random sampling and interview and comparison of the data with the lab registers maintained at the District Medical Centres (DMCs).
Monitoring programs
The monitoring program of NTIB covers the whole of India except the
Union Territories of
Daman and Diu
Daman and Diu (; ) was a former union territory in northwestern India. With an area of , it was the smallest administrative subdivision of India on the mainland. The territory comprised two districts, Damaon and Dio island, geographically sep ...
and
Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep (), also known as Laccadives (), is a union territory of India. It is an archipelago of 36 islands in the Arabian sea, located off the Malabar Coast.
The name ''Lakshadweep'' means "one lakh islands" in Sanskrit, though the Lac ...
under National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) and
Revised National Tuberculosis Programme (RNTCP). The program covers monitoring of data of smear positive and Smear negative case detections, sputum positive cases and treatment success rate.
Library
NTIB Library, established in 1960, is the knowledge repository of the Institute and acts as the ''Information Support Centre'' of the Institute and oversees the publications and the dissemination of information. It is accessible to the faculty and staff of the Institute, trainees, medical students, research scholars, health care providers, patients and public. The Library stocks 4,000 reference books and 10,000 bound volumes on Tuberculosis related topics such as Public Health, Radiology, Bacteriology, Statistics, Sociology, Epidemiology, Fugitive and Grey literature. It subscribes to 20 international and 35 national periodicals and has a collection of 120 audiovisual packages, 700 slides, 30 CDs and 150 transparencies, other than the NTIB publications.
Publications
NTIB has published many books, leaflets and journals related to Tuberculosis and its control mechanisms.
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NTIB has also brought out several manuals, guides and other publications.
# ''Manual for Census Takers'' - 1960
# ''Manual for the BCG Vaccinator'' - 1960
# ''Manuals for the key personnel of District Tuberculosis Programme viz., Introduction, District Tuberculosis Officers, Treatment Organisers, Statistical Assistants, X ray Technicians and Peripheral Health Institutions'' - 1963
# ''Periodical Abstract Bulletin'' (for internal circulation only) - introduced from the year 1967
# ''Summaries of NTI studies'' Vol I & II 1976 & 1977
# ''Summaries of Tuberculosis Research Centre studies'' Vol I & II 1976 & 1977
# ''Report of the WHO-Government of India Workshop on Tuberculosis and Primary Health Care'' - 1981
# ''Establishment and functioning of a Tuberculosis Culture Laboratory'' - 1983
# ''NTI Souvenir'' - 1985
# ''Proceedings of the NTI Silver Jubilee Celebrations'' - 1985
# ''Tuberculosis: its diagnosis and treatment for lay persons'' - 1985
# ''Participation of General Medical Practitioners - a key to success of National Tuberculosis Programme'' - 1985
# ''Scientific Report 1980-89'' - 1990
# ''Guidelines for Medical Officers of Peripheral Health Institutions on National Tuberculosis Programme – Chart'' - 1990
# ''Introduction to District Tuberculosis Programme'' - 1994
# ''Manual for District Tuberculosis Officers'' - 1994
# ''Manual for Treatment Organisers'' - 1994
# ''Manual for Laboratory Technicians'' - 1994
# ''Manual for Statistical Assistants'' - 1994
# ''Manual for X-ray Technicians'' - 1994
# ''Manual for Peripheral Health Institutions'' - 1994
See also
*
Robert Koch
Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch ( , ; 11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist. As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases including tuberculosis, cholera (though the Vibrio ...
*
World Tuberculosis Day
World Tuberculosis Day, observed on 24 March each year, is designed to build public awareness about the global epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and efforts to eliminate the disease. In 2018, 10 million people fell ill with TB, and 1.5 million died ...
*
Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis The Stop TB Partnership was established in 2001 to eliminate tuberculosis as a public health problem. Its 1500 partner organizations include international, nongovernmental and governmental organizations and patient groups. The secretariat is based ...
References
External links
* http://www.tbcindia.nic.in/rntcp.html
{{authority control
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Tuberculosis organizations
Research institutes in Bangalore
Medical research in India
Medical research institutes in India
Tuberculosis in India
1959 establishments in Mysore State
Research institutes established in 1959