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A National Treasure ( vi, Bảo vật quốc gia) or a national precious object is a tangible cultural heritage or object handed down from the past with historical, cultural or scientific value of exceptional significance to the country of Vietnam. National treasures are deemed to be protected and preserved according to a special scheme by the
Vietnamese Government The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (), also known as the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam (), is the executive branch and body of the State administration of Vietnam. The members of the Government are appoi ...
. The government also earmark an adequate proportion of the State budget to purchase national treasure as well as investment in activities of protecting and promoting the values of these objects. The title national treasure is recognised by a decision from the
Vietnamese Prime Minister The prime minister of Vietnam ( vi, Thủ tướng Việt Nam), officially styled as the Prime Minister of the Government of the Socialist Republic ( vi, Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa), is the head of g ...
after obtaining evaluation opinions of the ''National Council for Cultural Heritages''.


History

The term national treasure was first mentioned in various articles of the first ''Law on Cultural Heritage'' passed by the
National Assembly of Vietnam The National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Quốc hội nước Cộng hoà xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) is the national legislature of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The Constitution of Vietnam recognizes the a ...
on 29 June 2001. However, there was not a clear definition or a set of criteria for determining a national treasure. In 2009, the Amendment of Law on Cultural Heritage Act presented a separate article specifically for the subject "national treasure". According to the Law, a national treasure of Vietnam have to meet all these requirements: The Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism specified the order of and procedures for recognising a national treasure, then the decision of granting the title ''national treasure'' comes from the
Prime Minister of Vietnam The prime minister of Vietnam ( vi, Thủ tướng Việt Nam), officially styled as the Prime Minister of the Government of the Socialist Republic ( vi, Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa), is the head of g ...
with the consultation of National Council for Cultural Heritages. The first set of national treasure is officially designated in October 2012. Up until 2020, eight sets of national treasures (191 artifacts) had been designated in a series of decrees signed by the
Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam The Deputy Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Phó Thủ tướng Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam), known as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers ( vi, Phó Chủ tịch Hội đồng Bộ trưởng) f ...
on behalf of Prime Minister. The different combination of treasures into sets only depends on the chronological order of nominations submitted by owners of the treasures, not related to the category or value of the treasures themselves. The quantities and designation dates of Vietnamese national treasures are: *Set 1 (signed on 1 October 2012) 30 national treasures *Set 2 (signed on 30 December 2013) 37 national treasures *Set 3 (signed on 14 January 2015) 12 national treasures *Set 4 (signed on 23 December 2015) 25 national treasures *Set 5 (signed on 22 December 2016) 14 national treasures *Set 6 (signed on 25 December 2017) 24 national treasures *Set 7 (signed on 24 December 2018) 22 national treasures *Set 8 (signed on 15 January 2020) 27 national treasures *Set 9 (signed on 31 December 2020) 24 national treasures *Set 10 (signed on 25 December 2021) 23 national treasures


Regulations

There are strict regulations related to obligation of the Vietnamese State and owners of national treasure regarding ownership, protection and exhibition abroad. National treasures shall be registered with competent state agencies in charge of culture. Government agencies which have information on registered national treasures must kept confidential at owner's request, provide with professional guidance on, and create conditions for protecting and promoting the values of treasures. When transferring the ownership of national treasures, their owners shall notify competent government agencies of new owners of these objects within 15 days after the transfer. In 2016, under Decision No. 23/2016/QD-TTg, issued by the Prime Minister of Vietnam, items formally designated as national treasures can only be transported abroad under one of these circumstances: *"To serve state-level diplomatic activities of the Party General Secretary, the
President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly Chairperson. *"To promote the history, culture, land and people of Vietnam under special international cooperation programs. *"To implement international cooperation plans on research and preservation of national treasures." Transport of the treasures abroad for display, exhibition, research or preservation must adhere to article 44 of the Law on Cultural Heritage, which requires the following conditions: *"Getting insured by recipients of vestiges, antiques and national precious object *"Obtaining the Prime Minister's decisions permitting the bringing of national treasure abroad; or the Culture Minister's decisions permitting the bringing of vestiges and antiques abroad."


List


Set 1

The first set of 30 national treasure was designated on 1 October 2012 by Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister
Nguyen Thien Nhan Nguyễn () is the most common Vietnamese surname. Outside of Vietnam, the surname is commonly rendered without diacritics as Nguyen. Nguyên (元)is a different word and surname. By some estimates 39 percent of Vietnamese people bear this su ...
.


Set 2

The second set of 37 national treasures was designated on 30 December 2013 by Decision No. 2599/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister
Vũ Đức Đam Vũ Đức Đam (born 3 February 1963) is a Vietnamese politician who served as one of the Deputy Prime Ministers of Vietnam from 2013 until his sacking in 2023. A long-time assistant to the economic reformer Võ Văn Kiệt, Đam previousl ...
.


Set 3

The third set of 12 national treasure was designated on 14 January 2015 by Decision No. 53/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 4

The fourth set of 25 national treasure was designated on 23 December 2015 by Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 5

The fifth set of 14 national treasure was designated on 22 December 2016 by Decision No. 2496/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 6

The sixth set of 24 national treasures was designated on 25 December 2017 by Decision No. 2089/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 7

The seventh set of 22 national treasures was designated on 24 December 2018 by Decision No. 1821/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 8

The eighth set of 27 national treasures was designated on 15 January 2020 by Decision No. 88/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 9

The ninth set of 24 national treasures was designated on 31 December 2020 by Decision No. 2283/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


Set 10

The tenth set of 23 national treasures was designated on 25 December 2020 by Decision No. 2198/QĐ-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.


See also

*
National Treasure The idea of national treasure, like national epics and national anthems, is part of the language of romantic nationalism, which arose in the late 18th century and 19th centuries. Nationalism is an ideology that supports the nation as the fundame ...
*
List of Chinese cultural relics forbidden to be exhibited abroad The list of Chinese cultural relics forbidden to be exhibited abroad (Chinese: 禁止出境展览文物; pinyin: Jìnzhǐ Chūjìng Zhǎnlǎn Wénwù) comprises a list of antiquities and archaeological artifacts held by various museums and other in ...
*
National Treasures of Japan Some of the National Treasures of Japan A is the most precious of Japan's Tangible Cultural Properties, as determined and designated by the Agency for Cultural Affairs (a special body of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Scien ...
*
National Treasures of North Korea A National Treasure (국보; 國寶 : ) is a tangible artifact, site, or building deemed by the Government of North Korea to have significant historical or artistic value to the country. History The first list of Korean cultural treasures was des ...
*
National Treasures of South Korea A National Treasure () is a tangible treasure, artifact, site, or building which is recognized by the South Korean government as having exceptional artistic, cultural and historical value to the country. The title is one of the eight State-designa ...
* National Treasures of Taiwan


References

{{Reflist, 2 National Treasures of Vietnam