The National Geographical Organization of Iran or National Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces of Iran ( fa, سازمان جغرافیایی ایران, or fa, سازمان جغرافیایی نیروهای مسلح) is an

Iranian Iranian may refer to: * Iran, a sovereign state * Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran * Iranian lan ...

government agency affiliated to the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics of Iran, which has been established to prepare quick and accurate access spatial information of the country and other areas required by the Armed Forces of Iran.

History

The ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'' was officially founded in 1951 to prepare

maps A map is a symbolic depiction emphasizing relationships between elements of some space, such as objects, regions, or themes. Many maps are static, fixed to paper or some other durable medium, while others are dynamic or interactive. Although ...

and survey geographical activities. Of course, origin of this mapping organization and formation of

surveying Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them. A land surveying professional is ca ...

and

cartography Cartography (; from grc, χάρτης , "papyrus, sheet of paper, map"; and , "write") is the study and practice of making and using maps. Combining science, aesthetics and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality (or an im ...

branches, was laid in 1921, and in the course of its evolution, it performed responsibilities in accordance with the needs, missions and organizational duties. Finally, it is identified as the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'' or ''National Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces of Iran''. Currently, the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'', along with the National Cartographic Center, conducts affairs related to surveying and preparation and production of spatial information, but matters related to military maps, national borders and geographical services required by the Armed Forces are performed only through the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran''.

Activities

As the first country in the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...

, in 1955, the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'' carried out the first analog aerial photography from all over of Iran with a scale of 1: 50,000 and then, using conversion devices (mechanical) and performing engineering steps, was able to prepare and extract

topographic Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces. The topography of an area may refer to the land forms and features themselves, or a description or depiction in maps. Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary scie ...

maps. Due to the technology conditions that were used at that time, the preparation of the map lasted until 1971 and about 2550 sheets of topographic maps were prepared and produced at a scale of 1: 50,000. In recent years, the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'' has been able to change the aerial photography system to take the first digital aerial photography with new systems (ULTRA CAM D digital cameras) and done digital aerial photography projects for many cities of Iran. Among the capabilities and duties of the ''National Geographical Organization of Iran'', the following can be mentioned: * Demarcation of the borders of the country * Production of spatial information in the national and regional areas * Design, implementation and monitoring of satellite and classical

geodetic Geodesy ( ) is the Earth science of accurately measuring and understanding Earth's figure (geometric shape and size), orientation in space, and gravity. The field also incorporates studies of how these properties change over time and equivale ...

operations * Perform processing, classifying and interpreting aerial and

satellite images Satellite images (also Earth observation imagery, spaceborne photography, or simply satellite photo) are images of Earth collected by imaging satellites operated by governments and businesses around the world. Satellite imaging companies sell im ...

* Review old maps with different methods of using satellite images and aerial photography * Preparation of thematic and prominent maps and execution of all stages of

* Preparation and printing of photo maps (using aerial photographs and satellite images) * Collection and compilation of geographical information * Design and

printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ea ...

(including: typesetting, design, assembly,

lithography Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...

and printing) types of books and scientific and technical publications * Performing various activities related to

remote sensing Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation. The term is applied especially to acquiring information about Earth ...

* implementation of

Geographic information system A geographic information system (GIS) is a type of database containing Geographic data and information, geographic data (that is, descriptions of phenomena for which location is relevant), combined with Geographic information system software, sof ...

(GIS) * Design and implementation of hydrographic operations * Preparation and construction of

scale model A scale model is a physical model which is geometrically similar to an object (known as the prototype). Scale models are generally smaller than large prototypes such as vehicles, buildings, or people; but may be larger than small prototypes ...

from facilities, equipment and natural land features * Design and conversion of all

photogrammetric Photogrammetry is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant ima ...

devices from classical (analog) system to analytical and digital system * Holding various advanced courses (theoretical and practical) in the field of

surveying engineering Geomatics is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as the "discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, presentation of geographic data or geographic information". Under another definition, it ...

Also, the ''Surveying Technical School of the Geographical Organization'' is affiliated with this organization, which present the surveying field in undergraduate and associate degrees.

References

External links

National Geographical Organization of Iran on Google Map

Armed Forces Geographical Organization

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Geographical Organization of Iran Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics of the Islamic Republic of Iran Geographic data and information organisations in Iran Geology of Iran Government agencies of Iran Technical drawing Surveying National mapping agencies

History

Activities

See also

References

External links