The National Garden ( fa, باغ ملی, ) or

Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

Gate is a historical and governmental compound in

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. Formerly referred to as the Parade Square ( fa, میدان مشق, ) (, ), it used to be a military shooting range during the

Qajar Qajar Iran (), also referred to as Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, '. Sublime State of Persia, officially the Sublime State of Iran ( fa, دولت علیّه ایران ') and also known then as the Guarded Domains of Iran ( fa, ممالک م ...

period. It was then turned into a

public park An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a municipal park (North America) or a public park, public open space, or municipal gardens ( UK), is a park in cities and other incorporated places that offer recreation and green space to re ...

for a short period, and eventually important governmental offices and museums were built around it.''Iranshahr Encyclopedia of Architectural History (): The National Garden ()'' Building number 9 of the

(formerly the "Police House"), the University of Art (formerly the "Cossack House"), Malek National Museum, Post and Communication Museum, and the

National Museum A national museum is a museum maintained and funded by a national government. In many countries it denotes a museum run by the central government, while other museums are run by regional or local governments. In other countries a much greater numb ...

are situated in the compound.

History

The field was first constructed as a shooting practice range, during the reign of the

Qajar dynasty The Qajar dynasty (; fa, دودمان قاجار ', az, Qacarlar ) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, ''The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896'', I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic peoples ...

. It was used for the military garrison, and the

Cossack The Cossacks , es, cosaco , et, Kasakad, cazacii , fi, Kasakat, cazacii , french: cosaques , hu, kozákok, cazacii , it, cosacchi , orv, коза́ки, pl, Kozacy , pt, cossacos , ro, cazaci , russian: казаки́ or ...

s practiced military parade in it. The range was then developed during the reign of Nasser ed Din Shah, with a new building named ''Cossack House'', which was somewhat transformed during the reign of Mozaffar ed Din Shah. Under the rule of

Reza Shah Reza Shah Pahlavi ( fa, رضا شاه پهلوی; ; originally Reza Khan (); 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian Officer (armed forces), military officer, politician (who served as Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), ...

of the

Pahlavi Dynasty The Pahlavi dynasty ( fa, دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, a non-aristocratic Mazanderani soldier in modern times, who ...

, the range was turned into a modern

for a short period, and the famous gate of the compound was built by Mirza Mehdi Khan Shaghaghi (Momtahen od Dowle) before the arrival of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. Eventually, important governmental buildings were built around the compound; such as the "Police House" (or the "Shahrbani House") which was built for ''

Shahrbani ''Shahrbani'' ( fa, شهربانی, Šahrbānī, lit=urban protection), formerly called ''Nazmiyeh'' ( fa, نظمیه, Naẓmīya, lit=order agency), was a law enforcement force in Iran with police duties inside cities. Founded during Qajar dynast ...

'', an organization responsible for maintaining security in the city.

Gallery

File:Bagh-e Melli.jpg, The National Garden in the 1960s File:پاییز و سردر باغ ملی.jpg, The area in front of the gate File:Meydan Mashgh Tehran.jpg, University of Art
(formerly the "Cossack House") File:Gazzaghkhaneh Tehran.jpg, Part of the complex of the former "Cossack House" File:Ministry of Foreign Affairs building in Tehran.jpg,

(formerly the "Police House") File:Compounds of the Foreign Ministry of Iran in Tehran.jpg, Compounds of the Foreign Ministry File:Ministry of MFA Iran.JPG, Ministry of MFA Iran File:National Garden gates.jpg, National Garden gates

History

Gallery

References

See also