Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Baron Scarsdale (1726 – 5 December 1804) of

Kedleston Hall Kedleston Hall is a neo-classical manor house, and seat of the Curzon family, located in Kedleston, Derbyshire, approximately 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Derby. The medieval village of Kedleston was moved in 1759 by Nathaniel Curzon to mak ...

, Derbyshire was an English

Tory A Tory () is a person who holds a political philosophy known as Toryism, based on a British version of traditionalism and conservatism, which upholds the supremacy of social order as it has evolved in the English culture throughout history. The ...

politician and peer.

Early life

Curzon was the son of

Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 4th Baronet Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 4th Baronet (1676–1758) of Kedleston Hall, Derbyshire was an English Tory politician who represented three constituencies in the 18th century. Curzon was the son of Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 2nd Baronet of Kedleston, and his ...

of Kedleston, and his wife Mary Assheton. His younger brother, Assheton Curzon, was made 1st Baron Curzon in 1794 and later 1st

Viscount Curzon Earl Howe is a title that has been created twice in British history, for members of the Howe and Curzon-Howe family respectively. The first creation, in the Peerage of Great Britain, was in 1788 for Richard Howe, but became extinct on his ...

in 1802. His father served as a

Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

for

Derby Derby ( ) is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire, England. It lies on the banks of the River Derwent in the south of Derbyshire, which is in the East Midlands Region. It was traditionally the county town of Derbyshire. Derby g ...

Clitheroe Clitheroe () is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England; it is located north-west of Manchester. It is near the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists visiting the area. In 2018, the Cl ...

, and

Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands, England. It includes much of the Peak District National Park, the southern end of the Pennine range of hills and part of the National Forest. It borders Greater Manchester to the nor ...

, which he held until 1754. His paternal grandparents were Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 2nd Baronet of Kedleston, and his wife Sarah Penn (daughter of William Penn of Penn, Buckinghamshire). When his elder unmarried uncle,

Sir John Curzon, 3rd Baronet Sir John Curzon, 3rd Baronet (1674 – 6 August 1727) of Kedleston, Derbyshire was an English Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons for 27 years, between 1701 and 1727. Curzon was the son of Sir Nathaniel Curzon, 2nd ...

died in 1727, his father inherited the baronetcy and

. His maternal grandfather was

Sir Ralph Assheton, 2nd Baronet Sir Ralph Assheton, 2nd Baronet (11 February 1651 – 3 May 1716) of Middleton Hall, Greater Manchester, Middleton Hall and Whalley Abbey, Lancashire, was an England, English landowner and politician who represented Liverpool (UK Parliamen ...

, MP for

Lancashire Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly. The non-metropolitan county of Lancash ...

and

Liverpool Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the 10th largest English district by population and its metropolitan area is the fifth largest in the United Kingdom, with a popul ...

. His aunt, Catherine Assheton, married Thomas Lister, MP for

Career

Curzon was elected in 1747 as

for

, holding the seat until 1754, when he took over his father's seat for

. In 1758 he succeeded his father to the baronetcy and Kedleston Hall and in 1761 was created Lord Scarsdale. He later served as Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords. Curzon had started work on the development of

before he inherited, having employed the landscape gardener

William Emes William Emes (1729 or 1730–13 March 1803) was an English landscape gardener. Biography Details of his early life are not known but in 1756 he was appointed head gardener to Sir Nathaniel Curzon at Kedleston Hall, Derbyshire. He left this post ...

to replace the formal water features with natural lakes. In 1759 he commissioned the rebuilding of the house, designed in the Palladian style by the architects James Paine and Matthew Brettingham.

Robert Adam Robert Adam (3 July 17283 March 1792) was a British neoclassical architect, interior designer and furniture designer. He was the son of William Adam (1689–1748), Scotland's foremost architect of the time, and trained under him. With his ...

was designing some garden temples to enhance the landscape of the park at the time and Curzon was so impressed with Adam's designs that Adam was quickly put in charge of the construction of the new mansion.

Kedleston Hall

Curzon intended Kedleston Hall, located 4 miles north-west of

, to outshine the house of his Whig neighbour the Cavendishes at Chatsworth. He employed several architects and in December 1758 he met

, who he would employ in his reconstruction of Kedleston. Curzon's cabinet-maker of choice was

John Linnell John Sidney Linnell ( ; born June 12, 1959) is an American musician, known primarily as one half of the Brooklyn-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants with John Flansburgh, which was formed in 1982. In addition to singing and songwri ...

. Linnell created the arguably the most magnificent sofas of the Georgian era for the Drawing Room at Kedleston. These sofas have sea nymphs, mermen and mermaids whose tails entwine as their armrests. The Hall is now open to the public, as one of the properties owned by the

National Trust The National Trust, formally the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, is a charity and membership organisation for heritage conservation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. In Scotland, there is a separate and ...

. One wing of Kedleston is still occupied by the Curzon family.

Personal life

William Hamilton (1751-1801) - The Honourable, Later Admiral, Henry Curzon (1765–1846) - 108776 - National Trust

In 1751, Curzon married Lady Carolina Colyear (–1812), the eldest daughter of Charles, Earl of Portmore and

Juliana Osborne, Duchess of Leeds Juliana Colyear, Countess of Portmore ( Hele, formerly Juliana Osborne, Duchess of Leeds) ( – 20 November 1794) was an English noblewoman. She was the third wife of Peregrine Osborne, 3rd Duke of Leeds, and later the wife of Charles Colyea ...

(widow of

Peregrine Osborne, 3rd Duke of Leeds Peregrine Hyde Osborne, 3rd Duke of Leeds (11 November 1691 – 9 May 1731) was a British peer. Early life He was the second son of Peregrine, Earl of Danby and his wife, the former Bridget Hyde, only daughter of Sir Thomas Hyde, 2nd Baronet. ...

). Together, they were the parents of five sons and two daughters, including: *

Nathaniel Curzon, 2nd Baron Scarsdale Nathaniel Curzon, 2nd Baron Scarsdale (27 September 1752 – 27 January 1837) was an English Tory politician and peer. Early life Curzon was the son of Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Baron Scarsdale of Kedleston Hall, and his wife Lady Caroline Colyear. ...

(1752–1837), who married Hon. Sophia-Susanna Noel, daughter of

Edward Noel, 1st Viscount Wentworth Edward Noel, 1st Viscount Wentworth (30 August 1715 – 31 October 1774) was a British peer. Early life Edward Noel was born on 30 August 1715. Wentworth was the eldest son (of six sons and a daughter) of Sir Clobery Noel, 5th Baronet, of Kirkby ...

, in 1777. After her death in 1782, he married Felicite Anne Josephe de Wattines in 1798. * Hon. Charles William Curzon, an Army officer (1758–1804) * Hon. John Curzon, a Naval officer (1759–1794) * Hon. David Francis Curzon (1761–1832), a Reverend. * Hon.

Henry Curzon Admiral Henry Curzon (24 May 1765 – 2 May 1846) was a Royal Navy officer who held commands during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Curzon was the fifth son of Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Baron Scarsdale, and his wife Caroline. H ...

(1765–1846), an Admiral in the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

who held commands during the

French Revolutionary Wars The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted France against Britain, Austria, Prussia ...

and the

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

; he died unmarried. * Hon. Caroline Curzon (d. 1841), who died unmarried. * Hon. Juliana Curzon (d. 1835), who died unmarried. Lord Scarsdale died in 1804. He was succeeded by his eldest son,

Nathaniel , nickname = {{Plainlist, * Nat * Nate , footnotes = Nathaniel is an English variant of the biblical Greek name Nathanael. People with the name Nathaniel * Nathaniel Archibald (1952–2018), American basketball player * Nat ...

, who became the 2nd Lord Scarsdale.Mosley, Charles, editor. ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes.''

Wilmington, Delaware Wilmington (Lenape: ''Paxahakink /'' ''Pakehakink)'' is the largest city in the U.S. state of Delaware. The city was built on the site of Fort Christina, the first Swedish settlement in North America. It lies at the confluence of the Christina ...

U.S.A. The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

Burke's Peerage Burke's Peerage Limited is a British genealogical publisher founded in 1826, when the Irish genealogist John Burke began releasing books devoted to the ancestry and heraldry of the peerage, baronetage, knightage and landed gentry of Great ...

(Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003, volume 3, page 3539.

References

External links

National trust - Kedleston Hall
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scarsdale, Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Baron 1726 births Barons in the Peerage of Great Britain Peers of Great Britain created by George III Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies British MPs 1747–1754 British MPs 1754–1761

Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for constituencies in Derbyshire 1804 deaths