Nardosinone is a

sesquiterpene Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes may be cyclic or contain rings, including many unique combinations. Biochemical modificatio ...

and chemical constituent of ''

Nardostachys jatamansi ''Nardostachys jatamansi'' is a flowering plant of the valerian family that grows in the Himalayas. It is a source of a type of intensely aromatic amber-colored essential oil, spikenard. The oil has, since ancient times, been used as a perfume ...

''. In ''

in vitro ''In vitro'' (meaning in glass, or ''in the glass'') studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context. Colloquially called "test-tube experiments", these studies in biology an ...

'' studies, the compound has demonstrated concentration-dependent enhancement of

bucladesine Bucladesine is a cyclic nucleotide derivative which mimics the action of endogenous cAMP and is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Bucladesine is a cell permeable cAMP analog. The compound is used in a wide variety of research applications because i ...

and

staurosporine Staurosporine (antibiotic AM-2282 or STS) is a natural product originally isolated in 1977 from the bacterium '' Streptomyces staurosporeus''. It was the first of over 50 alkaloids to be isolated with this type of bis-indole chemical structure. Th ...

-induced

neurite A neurite or neuronal process refers to any projection from the cell body of a neuron. This projection can be either an axon or a dendrite. The term is frequently used when speaking of immature or developing neurons, especially of cells in culture ...

outgrowth. Nardosinone has similarly been demonstrated to enhance NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth and

synaptogenesis Synaptogenesis is the formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system. Although it occurs throughout a healthy person's lifespan, an explosion of synapse formation occurs during early brain development, known as exuberant synaptogenes ...

from PC12D cells. Additionally, nardosinone has demonstrated

cytotoxic Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells. Examples of toxic agents are an immune cell or some types of venom, e.g. from the puff adder (''Bitis arietans'') or brown recluse spider (''Loxosceles reclusa''). Cell physiology Treating cells ...

activity against cultured P-388

lymphocytic leukemia Lymphoid leukemias are a group of leukemias affecting circulating lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. The lymphocytic leukemias are closely related to lymphomas of the lymphocytes, to the point that some of them are unitary disease entities t ...

cells.

References

{{reflist Phytochemicals Sesquiterpenes Organic peroxides Enones Oxygen heterocycles Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings