Claude Antoine Jean Georges Napoléon Coste (27 June 1805 – 14 January 1883) was a French
classical guitar
The classical guitar (also known as the nylon-string guitar or Spanish guitar) is a member of the guitar family used in classical music and other styles. An acoustic wooden string instrument with strings made of gut or nylon, it is a precursor o ...
ist and composer.
Biography
Napoléon Coste was born in Amondans (
Doubs
Doubs (, ; ; frp, Dubs) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in Eastern France. Named after the river Doubs, it had a population of 543,974 in 2019.[Besançon
Besançon (, , , ; archaic german: Bisanz; la, Vesontio) is the prefecture of the department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerl ...]
, France. He was first taught the guitar by his mother, an accomplished player. As a teenager he became a teacher of the instrument and appeared in three concerts in the
Franche-Comté
Franche-Comté (, ; ; Frainc-Comtou: ''Fraintche-Comtè''; frp, Franche-Comtât; also german: Freigrafschaft; es, Franco Condado; all ) is a cultural and historical region of eastern France. It is composed of the modern departments of Doubs, ...
. In 1829, at the age of 24, he moved to Paris where he studied under
Fernando Sor
Fernando Sor (bapt. 14 Feb. 1778, died 10 July 1839) was a Spanish classical guitarist and composer of the Romantic music, Early Romantic era. Best known for writing solo classical guitar music, he also composed an opera (at the age of 19), thr ...
and quickly established himself as the leading French virtuoso guitarist
ource: Ari van Vliet: Napoléon Coste, Biography, 2016However, the demand for guitarists was in decline and, though his brilliance provided financial stability he had to self-publish his works. Napoléon Coste was influenced by the Early Classical-Romantic composers of the time including Hector Berlioz. Coste's Opus no.47, La Source du Lyson is inspired by nature much like Berlioz's program music.
Coste injured his left shoulder in 1863 as a result of an accident but this didn't bring his performing career to an end because he performed in public until 1881. After Sor's death, Coste edited and republished Sor's original method for guitar as ''Méthode complète pour la Guitare par Ferdinand Sor, rédigée et augmentée''
efingered and expanded''de nombreux exemples et leçons par N. Coste''.
Coste was a member of the
masonic
Freemasonry or Masonry refers to Fraternity, fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of Stonemasonry, stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their inte ...
lodge Les Frères Unis Inséparables.
He had a special fondness for playing on a
seven string guitar
The seven-string guitar adds one additional string to the more common six-string guitar, commonly used to extend the bass range (usually a low B) or also to extend the treble range.
The additional string is added in one of two different ways: by ...
. He is known as one of the first composers to transcribe guitar music of the 17th century into modern
musical notation
Music notation or musical notation is any system used to visually represent aurally perceived music played with instruments or sung by the human voice through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols, including notation fo ...
. He died at age 77, leaving a significant catalogue of original compositions. Napoleon Coste was famous for his unique seven string guitar with a “floating” 7th string typically tuned to D or C called the
Lacôte Heptachord. Tonally this invention created more depth when played as the floating string would vibrate sympathetically even as the other strings were plucked.
List of works
Works published with opus numbers
*Op. 2: ''Variations et Finale... sur un motif favori de la Famille Suisse de Weigl'' ("Variations and Finale ... on a favorite theme of the Swiss Family Weigl")
*Op. 3: ''2 Quadrilles de contredanses'' ("2 Contredance Quadrilles")
*Op. 4: ''Fantasie ... composée sur un motif du 'Ballet d'Armide ("Fantasy ... Composed on a Theme from ''Armida's Ball''")
*Op. 5: ''Souvenirs de Flandres'' ("Memories of Flanders")
*Op. 6: ''Fantaisie de concert'' ("Fantasy Concert")
*Op. 7: ''16 Valses favorites de Johann Strauss'' ("16 Waltz Favorites by Johann Strauss")
*Op. 9: ''Divertissement sur 'Lucia di Lammermoor ("Divertissement on
he opera
He or HE may refer to:
Language
* He (pronoun), an English pronoun
* He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ
* He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets
* He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' in ...
''Lucia di Lammermoor''")
*Op. 10: ''Scherzo et pastorale'' (for two guitars)
*Op. 11: ''Grand caprice''
*Op. 12: ''Rondeau de concert''
*Op. 13: ''Caprice sur … La Cachucha''
*Op. 14: ''Deuxième Polonaise'' ("Second Polonaise")
*Op. 15: ''Le Tournoi fantaisie chevaleresque'' ("The Fantasy Chivalry Tournament")
*Op. 16: ''Fantaisie sur deux motifs de la 'Norma ("Fantasy on Themes from
he opera
He or HE may refer to:
Language
* He (pronoun), an English pronoun
* He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ
* He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets
* He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' in ...
''Norma''")
*Op. 17: ''La Vallée d'Ornans'' ("The Ornans Valley")
*Op. 18: ''Les Bords du Rhin'' ("The Banks of the Rhine")
*Op. 19: ''Delfzil''
*Op. 19b: ''La Romanesca''
*Op. 20: ''Le Zuyderzée'' ("The Zuyderzee")
*Op. 21: ''Les Cloches'' ("The Bells")
*Op. 22: ''Meulan''
*Op. 23: ''Les Soirées d'Auteuil'' ("Evenings in Auteuil")
*Op. 24: ''Grand solo''
*Op. 25: ''Romance pour hautbois et piano''
*Op. 27: ''Le Passage des Alpes'' ("The Trail in the Alps")
*Op. 28b: ''Fantaisie symphonique'' ("Symphonic Fantasy")
*Op. 29: ''La Chasse des sylphes'' ("The Hunt of the Sylphes")
*Op. 30: ''Grande sérénade''
*Op. 31: ''Le Départ, fantaisie dramatique'' ("The Departure, Dramatic Fantasy")
*Op. 33: ''Mazurka''
*Op. 34: ''Le Montagnard'' Divertissement Pastoral pour Hautbois ou Violon et Piano ou Guitare
*Op. 36: ''Cantilène pour hautbois et piano''
*Op. 37: ''Cavatine pour hautbois et piano''
*Op. 38: ''25 Études de genre'' ("25 Typical Études")
*Op. 39: ''Andante et menuet''
*Op. 41: ''Feuilles d'automne'' ("Autumn Leaves")
*Op. 42: ''La Ronde de Mai'' ("May Rondo")
*Op. 43: ''Marche funèbre et rondeau'' ("Funeral March and Rondo")
*Op. 44: ''Andante et polonaise (Souvenirs du Jura)'' ("Memories of Jura")
*Op. 45: ''Divagation'' ("Wandering")
*Op. 46 ''Valse Favorite'' ("Favorite Waltz")
*Op. 47: ''La Source du Lyson'' ("The Lyson River Spring")
*Op. 48: ''Quatre Marches''
*Op. 49: ''Six Préludes''
*Op. 50: ''Adagio et divertissements''
*Op. 51: ''Récréation du Guitariste'' ("The Guitarist's Break").
*Op. 52: ''Le Livre d'or du guitariste'' ("The Guitarist's Golden Book").
*Op. 53: ''Six Pièces originales (Rêverie, Rondeau, 2 Menuets, Scherzo, Étude)''
Works without opus numbers
*''Méditation de nuit'' ("Night Meditation")
*''Andante et allegro''
*''Divertissement''
*''Introduction et variations sur un motif de Rossini'' ("Introduction and Variations on a Theme by Rossini")
*''Berceuse'' ("Lullaby")
*''Kleines Tonstück''
*''Pastorale''
*''Valse en ré majeur '' ("Waltz in D major")
*''Valse en la majeur'' ("Waltz in A major")
*''Valse des roses'' ("Waltz of the Roses")
*''Duetto''
Sources
Instruments
Photos of Coste's guitar made by René Lacote(Museum ''Cité de la Musique'' in Paris)
by
Gregg Miner (www.harpguitars.net)
Lacôte / Coste Heptacordeby Bernhard Kresse (www.harpguitars.net)
Nine-string guitar, 1827 by René Lacôte(belonged to Eugène Peletin of Paris, a student of Napoleon Coste. It was part of Coste's collection.
)
The Lacôte-Coste guitarby Bruno Marlat (see page 6
Sheet music
Rischel & Birket-Smith's Collection of guitar music1
Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Denmark
Boije Collection
The Music Library of Sweden
*
Free scores
at the Mutopia Project
The Mutopia Project is a volunteer-run effort to create a library of free content sheet music, in a way similar to Project Gutenberg's library of public domain books. It started in 2000.Portal page at thInternet ArchiveRetrieved January 24, 20 ...
Napoléon Coste Complete Works
Bibliography
* Noël Roncet: ''Napoleon Coste, Composer, 1805-1883'' (London: Tecla Editions, 2008)
* Ari van Vliet: ''Napoléon Coste: Composer and Guitarist in the Musical Life of 19th-Century Paris'' (Zwolle: Cumuli Foundation, 2015)
* Ingrid & Werner Holzschuh (editors): ''Napoleon Coste. Späte Briefe, 1867-1882'' (Hamburg: Trekel, 2016)
References
External links
on
Naxos Records
Naxos comprises numerous companies, divisions, imprints, and labels specializing in classical music but also audiobooks and other genres. The premier label is Naxos Records which focuses on classical music. Naxos Musical Group encompasses about 1 ...
site.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Coste, Napoleon
1805 births
1883 deaths
19th-century classical composers
19th-century French composers
19th-century French male musicians
Composers for the classical guitar
French classical guitarists
French male classical composers
French male guitarists
French Romantic composers
People from Doubs
19th-century guitarists