''Napaea'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
in the butterfly family
Riodinidae
Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, t ...
present only in the
Neotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeo ...
.
''Napaea'' contains strong butterflies with a robust body. The margin of the forewings is not projecting so far, the apex not so very falcate (
sickle
A sickle, bagging hook, reaping-hook or grasshook is a single-handed agricultural tool designed with variously curved blades and typically used for harvesting, or reaping, grain crops or cutting Succulent plant, succulent forage chiefly for feed ...
shaped), the costal of the forewing is not connected with the subcostal. They have a distinctive pattern of metallic blue or white or yellow comma-shaped marks, chevrons or punctiform spots, although in some species the markings are greatly reduced. They found in primary and degraded forest. The butterflies perch with the wings outspread in bushes near the skirts of the forests, out of which they may be
beaten
Battery is a criminal offense involving unlawful physical contact, distinct from assault which is the act of creating apprehension of such contact.
Battery is a specific common law offense, although the term is used more generally to refer to ...
. They are not common.
Taxonomy
Now includes ''Cremna''.
Species
*''
Napaea agroeca''
Stichel, 1910 present in
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
*''
Napaea beltiana''
(Bates, 1867) present in
French Guiana
French Guiana ( or ; french: link=no, Guyane ; gcr, label=French Guianese Creole, Lagwiyann ) is an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France on the northern Atlantic coast of South America in the Guianas. ...
,
Guyana,
Suriname,
Colombia and Brazil
*''
Napaea danforthi''
Warren & Opler, 1999 present in
Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
*''
Napaea elisae''
(Zikán, 1952) present in Brazil
*''
Napaea eucharila''
(Bates, 1867) present in Mexico,
Costa Rica,
Panama
Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...
, French Guiana, Suriname and Brazil
*''
Napaea gynaecomorpha''
Hall, Harvey & Gallard, 2005
*''
Napaea merula''
(Thieme, 1907) present in
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ' ...
*''
Napaea melampia''
(Bates, 1867) present in Brazil
*''
Napaea neildi''
Hall & Willmott, 1998 present in Ecuador
*''
Napaea nepos''
(Fabricius, 1793) present in French Guiana, Guyana,
Paraguay
Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...
and
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = National seal
, national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
*''
Napaea orpheus''
(Westwood, 1851) present in French Guiana and Brazil
*''
Napaea paupercula''
Zikán, 1952 present in Brazil
*''
Napaea phryxe''
(C. & R. Felder, 1865) present in Brazil
*''
Napaea sylva''
(Möschler, 1877) present in French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname
*''
Napaea tanos''
Stichel, 1910 present in
Bolivia
*''
Napaea theages''
(Godman & Salvin, 1878) present in Panama,
Nicaragua
Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the countr ...
, Costa Rica, Colombia and Ecuador
*''
Napaea tumbesia''
Hall & Lamas, 2001 present in Peru
*''
Napaea umbra''
(Boisduval, 1870) present in Mexico and Brazil
*''
Napaea zikani''
Stichel, 1923 present in Brazil
Sources
''Napaea'' sur funet
External links
images representing ''Chorinea''
at Encyclopedia of Life
The ''Encyclopedia of Life'' (''EOL'') is a free, online encyclopedia intended to document all of the 1.9 million living species known to science. It is compiled from existing trusted databases curated by experts and with the assistance of ...
images representing ''Napaea''
at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
The Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) was an international initiative dedicated to supporting the development of DNA barcoding as a global standard for species identification. CBOL's Secretariat Office is hosted by the National Museum of ...
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1964338
Riodinidae
Butterfly genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner