A nanopore battery is a
rechargeable battery
A rechargeable battery, storage battery, or secondary cell (formally a type of Accumulator (energy), energy accumulator), is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times, as opposed to ...
that is a composite of billions of nanoscale batteries formed within the pores of a substrate.
The space inside the holes is so small that billions of pores combined equal the volume of a grain of sand. Each pore's diameter was some one eighty-thousandth the width of a human hair.
Construction
In 2014 a demonstration device was made from a ceramic sheet made of anodic aluminum. It held two
vanadium pentoxide
Vanadium(V) oxide (''vanadia'') is the inorganic compound with the formula V2 O5. Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange. Because o ...
nanotube
A nanotube is a nanometer-scale hollow tube-like structure.
Kinds of nanotubes
* BCN nanotube, composed of comparable amounts of boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms
* Boron nitride nanotube, a polymorph of boron nitride
* Carbon nanotube, includes g ...
electrodes separated by an electrolyte that carried the electrical charge between the two. The current collector was made of
ruthenium
Ruthenium is a chemical element with the Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to ...
. The individual batteries are connected in parallel.
The is prelithiated at one end to form the anode, with pure at the other end to form the cathode. The battery asymmetrically cycles between 0.2 V and 1.8 V.
Performance
The capacity retention of this full cell (relative to 1 C values) is 95% at 5 C and 46% at 150 C, with a 1,000-cycle life.
A demonstration device was fully charged in 12 minutes and recharged thousands of times.
Implications
The system uses an electrochemical regime in which ion insertion and surface charge mechanisms for energy storage become indistinguishable. It can serve as a vehicle for studying ion transport limits in dense, nanostructured, electrode arrays.
See also
*
List of battery types
This list is a summary of notable electric battery types composed of one or more electrochemical cells. Three lists are provided in the table. The primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable) cell lists are lists of battery chemistry ...
References
Rechargeable batteries
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