Namhae of Silla (?–24, r. 4–24 CE) was the
second King of
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of K ...
, one of the
Three Kingdoms of Korea
Samhan or the Three Kingdoms of Korea () refers to the three kingdoms of Goguryeo (고구려, 高句麗), Baekje (백제, 百濟), and Silla (신라, 新羅). Goguryeo was later known as Goryeo (고려, 高麗), from which the modern name ''Kor ...
. He is commonly called Namhae Chachaung, ''chachaung'' being an early Silla title.
Namhae is the only king who is called Chachaung. According to the ''
Samguk Sagi
''Samguk Sagi'' (, ''History of the Three Kingdoms'') is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla. The ''Samguk Sagi'' is written in Classical Chinese, the written language of the literati of ancient Korea, ...
'',
Kim Dae-Mun explained that the title "''Chachaung''" meant a shaman in
Old Korean
Old Korean () is the first historically documented stage of the Korean language, typified by the language of the Unified Silla period (668–935).
The boundaries of Old Korean periodization remain in dispute. Some linguists classify the sparsely ...
.
Background
He was the eldest son of
Park Hyeokgeose, Silla's founder, and
Lady Aryeong
Lady Aryeong (, a.k.a. Al-yeong, Al-yong) was married to Hyeokgeose of Silla who was the founder of Silla. According to ''Samguk Yusa'' (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms), Aryeong was born from the left side of the dragon which appeared near th ...
. His surname was
Park
A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats. Urban parks are urban green space, green spaces set aside for recreation inside t ...
, and his wife was Lady Unje (
Hangul
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The let ...
:운제
Hanja
Hanja (Hangul: ; Hanja: , ), alternatively known as Hancha, are Chinese characters () used in the writing of Korean. Hanja was used as early as the Gojoseon period, the first ever Korean kingdom.
(, ) refers to Sino-Korean vocabulary, wh ...
:雲帝).
Reign
His reign was characterized by a series of foreign invasions. In 4, the
Lelang
The Lelang Commandery was a commandery of the Han dynasty established after it had conquered Wiman Joseon in 108 BC and lasted until Goguryeo conquered it in 313. The Lelang Commandery extended the rule of the Four Commanderies of Han as far so ...
army surrounded Geumseong, the Sillan capital, but was repelled.
In 8, when the Namhae of Silla heard that
Talhae was benevolent, he married his eldest daughter to him.
The
Wa of
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
invaded Silla in 14, and while Silla stopped them, Lelang invaded again. A comet shower was said to have scared the Lelang soldiers, however, and they retreated.
[三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 十一年 倭人遣兵船百餘艘 掠海邊民戶 發六部勁兵 以禦之 樂浪謂內虛 來攻金城 甚急 夜有流星 墜於賊營 衆懼而退 屯於閼川之上 造石堆二十而去 六部兵一千人追之 自吐含山東 至閼川 見石堆 知賊衆 乃止: In 14, the Wa people sent about 100 warships to plunder houses on the beach, so they sent soldiers to defend them. The situation was in an emergency when Nakrang regarded it as an opportunity and attacked the capital(Geumseong). At night, when the meteor fell into the enemy's camp, the enemy soldier retreated in fear. While stationed on the side of Alcheon Stream, they piled up 20 piles of stones and retreated. 1,000 soldiers chased them, and when they reached Alcheon river from the east of Mt.Toham(吐含山), they saw this pile of stones and thought there were many enemy groups, so they stopped chasing.]
The Bukmyeong(北溟) people plowed the fields and got ''Royal Seal of Ye''(Hangul:예왕지인, Hanja:濊王之印), previously used by
Buyeo
Buyeo or Puyŏ ( Korean: 부여; Korean pronunciation: u.jʌ or 扶餘 ''Fúyú''), also rendered as Fuyu, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It is sometimes considered a Korea ...
's kings, and dedicated it to Silla in 19. It is not clear where Bukmyeong means.
[三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 十六年春二月 北溟人耕田 得濊王印 獻之]
He was buried in Sareung-won.
Family
Parents
*Father:
Hyeokgeose
**Grandmother:
Lady Saso
Lady Saso () is said to be the mother of Hyeokgeose of Silla. Also known as the ''Sacred Mother of Mt. Seondo'' (Hangul:선도산), legends say she was a princess from the Chinese royal family. Having coming from China and settling upon the Jin ...
*Mother:
Lady Aryeong
Lady Aryeong (, a.k.a. Al-yeong, Al-yong) was married to Hyeokgeose of Silla who was the founder of Silla. According to ''Samguk Yusa'' (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms), Aryeong was born from the left side of the dragon which appeared near th ...
**Grandmother:
Lady Saso
Lady Saso () is said to be the mother of Hyeokgeose of Silla. Also known as the ''Sacred Mother of Mt. Seondo'' (Hangul:선도산), legends say she was a princess from the Chinese royal family. Having coming from China and settling upon the Jin ...
*Younger sister: Lady Aro
Consort and their respective issue:
* Lady Unje (알영부인)
**Son: Ilji Galmulwang (일지 갈문왕)
**Son:
Yuri of Silla
Yuri of Silla (?–57, r. 24–57) was the third king of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is commonly called Yuri Isageum. Family
Parents
*Father: King Namhae of Silla
**Grandfather: King Hyeokgeose of Silla
**Grandmother: Lady Ar ...
(?–57, r. 24–57), formally known as ''Yuri Isageum'' was the third king of Silla
**Son: Unknown name
**Daughter: Queen Ahyo (아효부인 박씨)–became the wife of
Talhae of Silla
Talhae of Silla (5 BC –80 AD, r. 57–80) was the List of monarchs of Korea, fourth king of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is commonly called Talhae Isageum, ''isageum'' being the royal title in early Silla. Also known by his pe ...
Family tree
See also
*
History of Korea
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria began roughly half a million years ago.
Christopher J. Norton, "The Current State of Korean Paleoanthropology", (2000), ''Journal of Human Evolution'', 38: 803–825.
The earlies ...
*
List of Korean monarchs
This is a list of monarchs of Korea, arranged by dynasty. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune–Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs.
Gojoseon
G ...
References
The Academy of Korean StudiesKorea Britannica
References
Notes
{{Korea-hist-stub
Silla rulers
24 deaths
1st-century monarchs in Asia
Year of birth unknown
1st-century Korean people