The Nakuru Agreement, signed on June 21, 1975, in
Nakuru
Nakuru is a city in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya, Rift Valley region of Kenya. It is the capital of Nakuru County, and was formerly the capital of Rift Valley Province. As of 2019, Nakuru had an urban and rural population of 570,674 inhabitant ...
,
Kenya
)
, national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"()
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, capital = Nairobi
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, ...
, was an attempt to salvage the
Alvor Agreement
The Alvor Agreement, signed on 15 January 1975 in Alvor, Portugal, granted Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November and formally ended the 13-year-long Angolan War of Independence.
The agreement was signed by the Portuguese governmen ...
, which granted
Angola
, national_anthem = " Angola Avante"()
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, capital = Luanda
, religion =
, religion_year = 2020
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, coordina ...
independence from
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
and established a transitional government. While the Nakuru Agreement did produce a truce between the three nationalist movements—the
Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola ( pt, Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola, abbr. MPLA), for some years called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (), is an Angolan left-wing, social d ...
(MPLA),
National Liberation Front of Angola
The National Front for the Liberation of Angola ( pt, Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola; abbreviated FNLA) is a political party and former militant organisation that fought for Angolan independence from Portugal in the war of independenc ...
(FNLA), and
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola
The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola ( pt, União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola, abbr. UNITA) is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the Popular Movement for ...
(UNITA)—it was a fragile truce that dissolved on July 9, 1975.
[McDannald, Alexander Hopkins. ''The Americana Annual: An Encyclopedia of Current Events'', 1976. Page 86.]
Negotiation
The three principal separatist leaders, MPLA's
Agostinho Neto
António Agostinho da Silva Neto (17 September 1922 – 10 September 1979) was an Angolan politician and poet. He served as the first president of Angola from 1975 to 1979, having led the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) i ...
, UNITA's
Jonas Savimbi
Jonas Malheiro Savimbi (; 3 August 1934 – 22 February 2002) was an Angolan revolutionary politician and rebel military leader who founded and led the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). UNITA waged a guerrilla war agai ...
, and the FNLA's
Holden Roberto
Álvaro Holden Roberto (January 12, 1923 – August 2, 2007) was an Angolan politician who founded and led the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) from 1962 to 1999. His memoirs are unfinished.
Early life
Roberto, son of Garcia Diasiwa ...
met in Nakuru from June 15–21.
Kenyan President Jomo Kenyatta
Jomo Kenyatta (22 August 1978) was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to his death in 1978. He was the country's first indigenous ...
moderated the negotiations. The leaders "denounce
the use of force as a means of solving problems" and again agreed to put down their arms and disarm civilians.
References
External links
Text of all peace accords for Angola
Peace treaties of Angola
1975 in Angola
Treaties concluded in 1975
Angolan Civil War
Angolan War of Independence
Cold War treaties
1975 in Kenya
{{Treaty-stub