Nagybörzsöny (german: Deutschpilsen or ) is a village in Pest County,

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...

Location

Nagybörzsöny is a village in the

Börzsöny Börzsöny (; sk, Novohradské hory, New City Mountains) is a mountain range in Northern Hungary. Its tallest peak is the Csóványos with . It is the westernmost member of the North Hungarian Mountains, which belongs to the Inner Western Car ...

Mountains. It is near the National Park of Duna-Ipoly. The Börzsöny-creek flows through the village.

History

The earlier name of this village was ''Börzsöny'' and it was, in all probability, founded in the 12th century by King Géza II of Hungary. In medieval times, it was able to grow into a full-fledged mining town due to its proximity to various ores, including gold. Documents dating from 1312 already describe these mines. However, the most significant part in the mines' history took place in the eighteenth century. In 1789,

Pál Kitaibel Pál Kitaibel (3 February 1757 – 13 December 1817) was a Hungarian botanist and chemist. He was born at Nagymarton (today Mattersburg, Austria) and studied botany and chemistry at the University of Buda. In 1794 he became Professor and tau ...

officially discovered the element

Tellurium Tellurium is a chemical element with the symbol Te and atomic number 52. It is a brittle, mildly toxic, rare, silver-white metalloid. Tellurium is chemically related to selenium and sulfur, all three of which are chalcogens. It is occasionally fou ...

in the Nagybörzsöny ores. Two other Hungarians were also noted for their research of the element. In 1782,

Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein Franz-Joseph Müller, Freiherr von Reichenstein or Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (1 July 1740 or 4 October 1742 – 12 October 1825 or 1826) was an Austrian mineralogist and mining engineer. Müller held several positions in the Habsburg m ...

, otherwise known as (Müller Ferenc), independently named the element. A third Hungarian who also laid claim to Tellurium was

Ignaz von Born Ignaz Edler von Born, also known as Ignatius von Born ( hu, Born Ignác, ro, Ignațiu von Born, cs, Ignác Born) (26 December 1742 in Alba Iulia, Grand Principality of Transylvania, Habsburg monarchy – 24 July 1791 in Vienna), was a mineral ...

. Muller was from Sibiu/Nagyszeben in what is now Transylvania, and von Born worked in Vienna. In 1798, the new element was named by

Martin Heinrich Klaproth Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1 December 1743 – 1 January 1817) was a German chemist. He trained and worked for much of his life as an apothecary, moving in later life to the university. His shop became the second-largest apothecary in Berlin, and ...

; the name is derived from the Latin word "tellus", meaning earth. Tellurium has thermoelectric applications, and was used in alloys within the

steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...

industry. The element eventually played an important role in the making of the outer shell of the first atom bomb.

Transport

It is the terminus of a narrow-gauge railway to

Szob Szob (german: Zopp an der Donau) is a town in Pest county, Central Hungary, Hungary. It is just south and east of the Slovak border on the north bank of the Danube. Szob is on a major electrified rail connection from Bratislava and a major railw ...

.https://borzsony-kisvasut.webnode.hu/

Sightseeings

* The main attraction of the village is an architectural one: The Árpád age romanesque church Szent István-templom, built in the 13th century. The church is surrounded by walls. * Saint Nicolaus church * Church of the miners.

Gothic style Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...

, built in the 14th century * Evangelic church classicist style, built in the 18th century * Watermill: industrial memorial

References

* Aradi N. (Ed.): A művészet története Magyarországon. (The History of Arts in Hungary). Gondolat, Budapest * Fülep L. (Ed.): A magyarországi művészet története. (The History of the Hungarian Arts). Budapest * Gerevich T.: ''Magyarország románkori emlékei''. (Die romanische Denkmäler Ungarns.) Egyetemi nyomda. Budapest, 1938. * Gerő L. : ''Magyar műemléki ABC''. Budapest, 1984 * Henszlmann, I. (1876): ''Magyarország ó-keresztyén, román és átmeneti stylü mű-emlékeinek rövid ismertetése'', (Old-Christian, Romanesque and Transitional Style Architecture in Hungary). Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, Budapest * Marosi E.: ''A román kor művészete'', (Art of the Romanesque Ages). Corvina, Budapest, 1972,

Gallery

Image:Szent István-templom (7140. számú műemlék) 6.jpg Image:Nagybörzsöny, Hungary - panoramio - Kaszás Tibor (2).jpg Image:Nagybörzsöny, Hungary - panoramio - Kaszás Tibor (4).jpg

External links

Homepage of Nagybörzsöny village

Homepage of the village

Aerial images of Nagybörzsöny

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nagyborzsony Populated places in Pest County Romanesque architecture in Hungary Hungarian German communities