Mytishchi ( rus, Мыти́щи, p=mɨˈtʲiɕːɪ) is a
city
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
and the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Mytishchinsky District
Mytishchinsky District (russian: Мыти́щинский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #198/2004-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast ...
in
Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast ( rus, Моско́вская о́бласть, r=Moskovskaya oblast', p=mɐˈskofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ), or Podmoskovye ( rus, Подмоско́вье, p=pədmɐˈskovʲjə, literally " under Moscow"), is a federal subject of R ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
, which lies 19 km northeast of Russia's capital
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
on the
Yauza River
The Yauza (russian: Я́уза) is a river in Moscow and Mytishchi, Russia, a tributary of the Moskva. It originates in the Losiny Ostrov National Park northeast of Moscow, flows through Mytishchi, enters Moscow in the Medvedkovo District an ...
and the Moscow–
Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl ( rus, Ярослáвль, p=jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluenc ...
railway. The city was an important waypoint for traders on the Yauza River, the
Yaroslavl Highway passes through the city. Mytishchi is famous for its aqueduct, built in 1804, the first water supply pipeline to supply the growing population of Moscow. The city has a population of approximately 262,702 people as of .
Climate
Mytishchi has a
humid continental
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freez ...
climate, which is the same as Moscow but usually a few degrees colder due to significantly lesser impact of
urban heat island
An urban heat island (UHI) is an urban or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. The temperature difference is usually larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent ...
. The city features long, cold winters (with temperatures as low as to occurring every winter and a record low of ), and short, warm-hot summers (with a record high of and temperatures reaching every summer). For example, the January daily mean is , with the average maximum of and average minimum of . July's daily mean temperature, on the other hand, is , with its average maximum being and its average minimum being .
History
The first settlement of ancient hunters and fishermen in this location dates back to the 6th–8th millennia BCE, i.e., in the late
Stone Age
The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with ...
. In the 8th–9th centuries, first
Slavic tribes
This is a list of Slavic peoples and Slavic tribes reported in Late Antiquity and in the Middle Ages, that is, before the year AD 1500.
Ancestors
*Proto-Indo-Europeans (Proto-Indo-European speakers)
** Proto-Balto-Slavs (common ancestors of Ba ...
(
Vyatichi
The Vyatichs or more properly Vyatichi or Viatichi (russian: вя́тичи) were a native tribe of Early East Slavs who inhabited regions around the Oka, Moskva and Don rivers.
The Vyatichi had for a long time no princes, but the social struc ...
and
Krivichs
The Krivichs (Kryvichs) ( be, крывічы, kryvičý, ; rus, кри́вичи, p='krʲivʲɪtɕɪ, kríviči) were a tribal union of Early East Slavs between the 6th and the 12th centuries. It is suggested that originally the Krivichi were na ...
) began settling here. In and around Mytishchinsky District about a dozen of such settlements from the 11th–13th centuries have been discovered.
The modern settlement has been known as the village ''Mystiche'' since 1460, and Bolshiye Mytishchi () since the 19th century. The name comes from the so-called mytnaya (or "myta") duty that was levied on merchants hauling ships (by wheels, rollers or skids) between the
Yauza and
Klyazma Rivers, collected at the place now known as ''Yauza mytishche''. The word "Mytische" is a portmanteau of ''myt'' (а) and a place where there was a residential building with a kiln and a hearth.
In 1804, the
Mytishchi-Moscow aqueduct was built by order of
Catherine the Great
, en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes
, house =
, father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
, mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp
, birth_date =
, birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anha ...
. It was the first water supply constructed in Russia to provide the Kremlin with pure water.
The first enterprises were organized in Mytischi in the middle of the 19th Century. Mytischi station, on the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway, opened in 1861, SI Mamontov's car building plant opened in 1896, and Viskova, Russia's first artificial silk company, began work in 1908. Mytischi and its district became a popular summer retreat for Russian holidaymakers from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, .
Mytischi gained city status on August 17, 1925.
In 1932, the territory of the city was significantly expanded, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Moscow Regional Executive Committee No. 8 (minutes No. 56) of October 4, 1932 and the decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 20, 1932 that approved it. The settlement merged with the villages of Bolshie Mytishchi, Rupasovo, Sharapovo, Zarechnaya Sloboda, Leonidovka, Perlovka, Taininsky settlements, Druzhba and Taininka.
Population
According to Wikidata, the population of Mytishchi was . Mytishchi is the fourth largest city in Moscow Oblast after
Balashikha
Balashikha ( rus, Балашиха, p=bəlɐˈʂɨxə) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pekhorka River east of the Moscow Ring Road. Population:
Etymology
In Finno-Ugric languages, ''Bala-shika'' means ''land of celebrations ...
(),
Podolsk
Podolsk ( rus, Подольск, p=pɐˈdolʲsk) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River).
History
The first mentions of the village of Podol, ...
(),
Khimki () in terms of population.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
framework of administrative divisions, Mytishchi serves as the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Mytishchinsky District
Mytishchinsky District (russian: Мыти́щинский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #198/2004-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast ...
.
[Resolution #123-PG] As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-four
rural localities, incorporated within Mytishchinsky District as the
Town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an o ...
of Mytishchi.
As a
municipal division, the Town of Mytishchi is incorporated within Mytishchinsky Municipal District as Mytishchi Urban Settlement.
[Law #198/2004-OZ]
Economy
The city is the oblast's largest center for industry (machine building,
arms industry
The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry classification, industry which manufacturing, manufactures and sells weapons and military technology. It consists of a commerce, commercial Private industry, industry involved ...
in particular) and education. The
Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant and
Metrovagonmash (a manufacturer of train cars) are two large employers.
Architecture
Cultural heritage sites
The city has a number of cultural heritage sites
* Settlement "Mytishchi-1" (a monument of archeology of the XV-XVIII centuries) - Yaroslavl highway, 60–88, 61–91.
* The complex of buildings of the Mytishchi car-building plant (part of the Metrovagonmash plant (MMZ)) (late 19th - early 20th century).
* Two dachas in the dacha village of Perlovka : a wooden dacha of the Ageev merchants (architectural monument, 1900s) - Pionerskaya st., 10.
* The Mytishchi pumping station (part of Catherine the Great's Mytishchi water pipeline) in the Losiny Ostrov National Park.
* Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God (architectural monument, 1713) - Yaroslavskoe shosse, 93.
* Church of the Annunciation in Taininsky (architectural monument, 1675–1677).
* Church of the Don Icon of the Mother of God in Perlovka.
In 2005, the Church of the Nativity of Christ was built in the city center. On the central square, there are 4 lanterns of the late 1950s, presumably the project of M. A. Minkus. Identical lights were installed at the lobby o fhte Kropotkinskaya metro station (Prechistenka St.) and at the Nikulin Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard.
Monuments
* Monuments to
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1 ...
* Monument "Bayonet" in honor of the victory in the
Great Patriotic War
The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), an ...
* Memorial of the Great Patriotic War
* Monument to the partisan V. D. Voloshina
* Monument to the pilots of the Mytishchi flying club (an exact copy of the
U-2 o-2
O2, O-2, o2, O2, O2, O2− or O2+ may refer to:
Science and technology
* or dioxygen, the common allotrope of the chemical element oxygen
* , the ion oxide
* , the ion superoxide
* , the ion dioxygenyl
* , doubly ionized oxygen
* O2, an EEG ...
aircraft). Artist-architect
Valery Androsov
Valery Vladimirovich Androsov (russian: Валерий Владимирович Андросов) (born February 12, 1939, Buy, Russian SFSR) is a Russian painter and architect, and director of the Mytishchi Art Gallery.
Biography
Androsov was ...
* Monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union pilot N. M. Raspopova
* Monument to cosmonaut G. M. Strekalov
* Monument to A. V. Suvorov
* SAU-76M
* ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" (a monument to the designer N. A. Astrov, 1906–1992)
* Monument to V. M. Kolontsov (1888-1920), the commander of the Red Guard detachment, who died during the Civil War in battles with the White Guards, the central street of old Mytishchi, Kolontsova Street, is named after him
* Monument to D. M. Kedrin
* Monument to the Mytishchi water pipeline
* Monument to the ancient portage that existed on the site of the modern city (wooden sculpture "Ladya" near the Central Park of Culture and Culture of Mytishchi )
* Monument to the employees of the Mytishchi police, participants of the Great Patriotic War
* Monument to military signalmen
* Monument to the citizens of Mytishchi who died in the line of military and official duty and in local conflicts
* Sculpture "A cat without a tail" from the sister city of Gabrovo
* Monument to Olya Lukoya at the puppet theater " Ognivo "
* Monument to the Family, love and fidelity
* Monument to
Nicholas II
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Pol ...
* Monument to the subway car
* Monument to the samovar
* Monument to General
Pyotr Deinekin at the Federal War Memorial Cemetery . Opened in August 2018
Twin towns – sister cities
Mytishchi is
twinned with:
*
Angarsk
Angarsk ( rus, Ангарск, p=ɐnˈgarsk) is a city and the administrative center of Angarsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kitoy River, from Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
History
It wa ...
, Russia
*
Bakhchysarai
Bakhchysarai ( crh, Bağçasaray, italic=yes; russian: Бахчисара́й; ua, Бахчисара́й; tr, Bahçesaray) is a town in Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and annexed by Russia as the Re ...
, Ukraine
*
Baranovichi
Baranavichy ( ; be, Бара́навічы, Łacinka: , ; russian: Бара́новичи; yi, באַראַנאָוויטש; pl, Baranowicze) is a city in the Brest Region of western Belarus, with a population (as of 2019) of 179,000. It is no ...
, Belarus
*
Barysaw
Barysaw ( be, Барысаў, ) or Borisov (russian: Борисов, ) is a city in Belarus near the Berezina River in the Minsk Region 74 km north-east from Minsk. Its population is around 145,000.
History
Barysaw is first mentioned in ...
, Belarus
*
Düren (district)
Düren () is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Heinsberg, Neuss, Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Euskirchen and Aachen.
History
The district was created in 1972 by merging the former districts of ...
, Germany
*
Gabrovo
Gabrovo ( bg, Габрово ) is a town in central northern Bulgaria, the administrative centre of Gabrovo Province.
It is situated at the foot of the central Balkan Mountains, in the valley of the Yantra River, and is known as an internat ...
, Bulgaria
*
Lecco
Lecco (, , ; lmo, label= Lecchese, Lècch ) is a city of 48,131 inhabitants in Lombardy, northern Italy, north of Milan. It lies at the end of the south-eastern branch of Lake Como (the branch is named ''Branch of Lecco'' / ''Ramo di Lecco''). ...
, Italy
*
Smalyavichy
Smalyavichy; russian: Смолевичи, Smoleviči; yi, סמאָלאָוויטש / Смоловіч, Smolovich; pl, italic=no, Smolewicze / Смолэвичэ; lt, italic=no, Smaliavičai / Смалявичай is a city in Minsk Region, Be ...
, Belarus
*
Zhodzina, Belarus
Former twin towns:
*
Panevėžys
Panevėžys (; Latin: ''Panevezen''; pl, Poniewież; yi, פּאָנעװעזש, ''Ponevezh''; see also other names) is the fifth largest city in Lithuania. As of 2011, it occupied with 113,653 inhabitants. As defined by Eurostat, the population ...
, Lithuania
*
Płock
Płock (pronounced ) is a city in central Poland, on the Vistula river, in the Masovian Voivodeship. According to the data provided by GUS on 31 December 2021, there were 116,962 inhabitants in the city. Its full ceremonial name, according to th ...
, Poland
In March 2022, Panevėžys and Płock suspended their partnerships with Mytishchi as a response to the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. A ...
.
Culture
Mass Media
There are three local TV channels: "Our Mytishchi" - the channel that belongs to the town, "The first Mytishchinsky", and "TV Mytishchi" (on the TV channel of Moscow region 360°) - district television.
Theatres
There is Ognivo puppet theatre, FEST drama and comedy theatre, and youth theater Domoy (Homewards).
Notable people
People born in Mytishchi:
*
Mikhail Egorovich Alekseev (1949-2014), linguist
*
Yuri Bezmenov
Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov (russian: Ю́рий Алекса́ндрович Безме́нов; December 11, 1939 – January 5, 1993; alias: Tomas David Schuman) was a Soviet journalist for Novosti Press Agency (APN) and a former PGU ...
(1939-1993), journalist
*
Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov
Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov (russian: Ива́н Дми́триевич Бори́сов; 1913 – 25 December 1939) was a Soviet military pilot who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
Biography
Ivan Borisov was born in ...
(1913-1939), pilot
*
Yevgeny Dietrich
Yevgeny Ivanovich Dietrich or Ditrikh (russian: Евгений Иванович Дитрих) (born 8 September 1973) is a Russian politician, former Minister of Transport of Russia from 18 May 2018 to 9 November 2020.
Biography
Yevgeny Dietri ...
(born 1973), politician
*
Vadim Evseev
Vadim Valentinovich Evseev ( rus, Вади́м Валенти́нович Евсе́ев, p=vɐˈdʲim vəlʲɪnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ jɪfˈsʲeɪf; born 8 January 1976) is a Russian football coach and a former player who is a former Russian inte ...
(born 1976), football coach
*
Anna Frolova
Anna Sergeevna Frolova (russian: Анна Сергеевна Фролова; born 7 August 2005) is a Russian figure skater. She is the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic bronze medalist, the 2019 JGP Italy silver medalist, and the 2019 JGP Croatia bro ...
(born 2005), figure skater
*
Alexey Glyzin
Alexey Sergeevich Glyzin (russian: link=no, Алексе́й Серге́евич Глы́зин; born January 13, 1954, Mytischi) is a Soviet and Russian pop singer and actor. He has received various awards, including Honored Artist of Russia (2 ...
(born 1954), actor
*
Tatyana Golikova
Tatiana Alexeyevna Golikova (Russian: Татьяна Алексеевна Голикова; born 9 February 1966) is a Russian politician and economist who serves as the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia for Social Policy, Labour, Health and Pe ...
(born 1966), politician
*
Elizaveta Khudaiberdieva
Elizaveta Khasanzhonovna Khudaiberdieva (russian: Елизавета Хасанжоновна Худайбердиева, born 2 October 2002) is a Russian ice dancer. With her current skating partner, Egor Bazin, she is the 2022 Russian natio ...
(born 2002), ice dancer
*
Evgeny Kirillov (born 1987), tennis player
*
Yelena Kondakova
Yelena Vladimirovna Kondakova (russian: link=no, Елена Владимировна Кондакóва; born March 30, 1957) is the third Soviet or Russian female cosmonaut to travel to space and the first woman to make a long-duration spaceflig ...
(born 1957), cosmonaut
*
Pavel Maykov
Pavel Sergeevich Maykov (russian: Па́вел Серге́евич Ма́йков; born October 15, 1975, in Mytishchi) is a Russian theater, film and voice actor, TV presenter, singer and musician. Maykov is best known for starring as Viktor Pch ...
(born 1975), actor
*
Dmitry Miller
Dmitry Arturovich Miller (russian: Дми́трий Арту́рович Ми́ллер; born 2 April 1972) is a Russian theater actor.
Biography
Dmitry Miller was born on 2 April 1972 in suburban Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast, Russian Soviet Federat ...
(born 1972), actor
*
Svetlana Moskalets (born 1969), heptathlete
*
Alexander Pichushkin
Alexander Yuryevich Pichushkin (russian: Алекса́ндр Ю́рьевич Пичу́шкин, born 9 April 1974), also known as the Chessboard Killer (russian: Убийца с шахматной доской) and the Bitsa Park Maniac (rus ...
(born 1974), serial killer
*
Stanislav Pozhlakov
Stanislav Ivanovich Pozhlakov (russian: Станисла́в Ива́нович Пожлако́в; 4 January 1937 – 26 September 2003) was a Russian jazz musician, composer and performer. He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Com ...
(1937-2003), musician
*
Mikhail Semichastny (1910-1978), football player
*
Artyom Serikov
Artyom Andreevich Serikov (russian: Артём Андрéевич Сéриков; born 28 December 2000) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing under contract to HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk in the Kontinental H ...
(born 2000), ice hockey player
*
Roman Sharonov
Roman Sergeyevich Sharonov (; born 8 September 1976) is a Russian football coach and a former player who played as a right back. He is the manager of SKA-Khabarovsk.
Club career
He played most of his career for FC Rubin Kazan.
International c ...
(born 1976), football coach
*
Gennady Strekalov (1940-2004), cosmonaut
*
Viktoria Vasilieva
Viktoria Borisovna Vasilieva (born 25 November 2003) is a Russian figure skater. As a junior-level single skater, she is the 2018 Alpen Trophy champion, the 2018 Junior Grand Prix Czech Republic bronze medalist and the 2019 Junior Grand Prix ...
(born 2003), figure skater
*
Aleksei Yeroshkin
Aleksei Andreyevich Yeroshkin (russian: Алексей Андреевич Ерошкин; born 20 January 1987) is a former Russian professional football player.
Club career
He played in the Russian Football National League for FC Khimki
F ...
(born 1987), football player
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
External links
Official website of MytishchiUnofficial website of Mytishchi
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Moscow Oblast
Mytishchinsky District