Munich-style

stained glass Stained glass is coloured glass as a material or works created from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although tradition ...

was produced in the Royal Bavarian Stained Glass Manufactory,

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

, in the mid-19th century.

King Ludwig I King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...

, opened the glassworks in 1827 which continued production of high quality glass until the early 20th century.

Franz Xaver Zettler Franz Xaver Zettler (1841-1916) was a German stained glass artist. Early life Zettler was born in 1841. Career Signature of the company ''F.X. Zettler''. He started his own stained glass design company in 1870.Jean M. Farnsworth, Carmen R. Croc ...

headed the operation for much of this time. Together with his major competitor,

Franz Mayer Franz Mayer Traumann, better known as Franz Mayer (1882, Mannheim, Germany – 1975, Mexico) was a German-Mexican financier, photographer and collector, and the founder of the Franz Mayer Museum in Mexico City. Biography Franz Mayer arrived in ...

of the Royal Art Institute, these stained-glass artists developed the so-called "Munich style" of expert painting on relatively large glass panels (as opposed to the medieval technique of smaller pieces of colored glass held in a leaded framework, later adapted and modified by the great American designer

Louis Comfort Tiffany Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in stained glass. He is the American artist most associated with the Art NouveauL ...

). Around 1862 the Franz Mayer of Munich Company started with stained glass paintings influenced by "Royal Bavarian Stained Glass Establishment". Their tendency was to create a picture-like composition similar to late Gothic paintings and Renaissance altars. The paintings were detailed. The style by Mayer and Zettler became known as "Munich Style" and went back to the traditional roots. Small colored glass pieces were coated with overlay color, tracing lines and melting colors before being fired and leaded. The work by Peter Hemel von Andlau or

Hans Holbein the Elder Hans Holbein the Elder ( , ; german: Hans Holbein der Ältere; – 1524) was a German painter. Life Holbein was born in free imperial city of Augsburg (Germany), and died in Issenheim, Alsace (now France). He belonged to a celebrated family o ...

set the standard for Mayer and Zettler and became the base of their work.

References

Companies established in 1827 Stained glass Manufacturing companies established in 1827 Manufacturing companies of Germany 1827 establishments in Bavaria {{glass-art-stub