Muhammad bin Idris bin Idris bin Abdullah () was the third Idrisid sultan of

Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...

Life

He was the oldest of the twelve sons of

Idris II Idrīs ibn Idrīs () known as Idris II () and Idrīs al-Azhar/al-Aṣghar () (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I of Morocco, Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Volubilis, Walīlī two months aft ...

. Upon the death of his father in 828, acting on the advice of his grandmother he divided the Idrisid realm among his older brothers, keeping only the capital, Fes, for himself. This weakened his authority and immediately gave rise to civil war and the decline of the Idrisid dynasty. When the fourth brother, Isa, ruler of Wazeqqur, revolted against Fes, Muhammad sought the assistance first of Qasim, ruler of

Tangier Tangier ( ; , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The city is the capital city, capital of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region, as well as the Tangier-Assilah Prefecture of Moroc ...

, but was refused. He then turned to

Umar Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Mu ...

, ruler of the

Rif Mountains The Rif (, ), also called Rif Mountains, is a geographic region in northern Morocco. It is bordered on the north by the Mediterranean Sea and Spain and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and is the homeland of the Rifians and the Jebala people. ...

, who defeated both Isa and Qasim, receiving in return the governorship over Tangier. The descendants of Umar and of Qasim would later rival for the leadership of the Idrisid realm after Muhammad's line went extinct. Muhammad died in March/April 836 in Fes, and was buried there. He was succeeded by his son, Ali, who was only nine years old at the time.

Genealogy

References

Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Muhammad Ibn Idris Idrisid emirs 9th-century Arab people I 836 deaths 9th-century monarchs in Africa 9th-century Moroccan people Year of birth unknown