Motion JPEG 2000 (MJ2 or MJP2) is a file format for motion sequences of

JPEG 2000 JPEG 2000 (JP2) is an image compression standard and coding system. It was developed from 1997 to 2000 by a Joint Photographic Experts Group committee chaired by Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president), with the intention of superseding thei ...

image An image is a visual representation of something. It can be two-dimensional, three-dimensional, or somehow otherwise feed into the visual system to convey information. An image can be an artifact, such as a photograph or other two-dimensiona ...

s and associated

audio Audio most commonly refers to sound, as it is transmitted in signal form. It may also refer to: Sound *Audio signal, an electrical representation of sound *Audio frequency, a frequency in the audio spectrum *Digital audio, representation of sound ...

, based on the MP4 and

QuickTime QuickTime is an extensible multimedia framework developed by Apple Inc., capable of handling various formats of digital video, picture, sound, panoramic images, and interactivity. Created in 1991, the latest Mac version, QuickTime X, is ava ...

format. Filename extensions for Motion JPEG 2000 video files are .mj2 and .mjp2, as defined in RFC 3745.

ISO Standards

MJ2, first defined by Part 3 of the ISO Standard for JPEG 2000 ISO/IEC 15444 in November 2001(ISO/IEC 15444-3:2002)
as a standalone document, has later been defined b

additional profiles for archiving applications, and b

which defines the JPEG 2000 base media format, which contains the timing, structure, and media information for timed sequences of media data. The standard is available for download from

ITU-T The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It is responsible for coordinating standards for telecommunications and Information Commu ...

as thei
Recommendation T.802

MPEG vs MJ2

Motion JPEG2000 was always intended to coexist with

MPEG The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups established jointly by ISO and IEC that sets standards for media coding, including compression coding of audio, video, graphics, and genomic data; and transmission and ...

. Unlike MPEG, MJ2 does not implement

inter-frame An inter frame is a frame in a video compression stream which is expressed in terms of one or more neighboring frames. The "inter" part of the term refers to the use of ''Inter frame prediction''. This kind of prediction tries to take advantage fro ...

coding; each frame is coded independently using JPEG 2000. This makes MJ2 more resilient to propagation of errors over time, more scalable, and better suited to networked and point-to-point environments, with additional advantages over MPEG with respect to random frame access, but at the expense of increased storage and bandwidth requirements.

History

From 1997 to 2000, the

image compression Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior r ...

standard was developed by a

Joint Photographic Experts Group The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is the joint committee between ISO/ IEC JTC 1/ SC 29 and ITU-T Study Group 16 that created and maintains the JPEG, JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, JPEG XT, JPEG XS, JPEG XL, and related digital image standards. It ...

(JPEG) committee chaired by Swiss-Iranian engineer Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president). In contrast to the original 1992

JPEG JPEG ( ) is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and im ...

standard, which is a discrete cosine transform (DCT) based

lossy compression In information technology, lossy compression or irreversible compression is the class of data compression methods that uses inexact approximations and partial data discarding to represent the content. These techniques are used to reduce data size ...

format for static

digital images A digital image is an image composed of picture elements, also known as ''pixels'', each with ''finite'', '' discrete quantities'' of numeric representation for its intensity or gray level that is an output from its two-dimensional functions f ...

, JPEG 2000 is a

discrete wavelet transform In numerical analysis and functional analysis, a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is any wavelet transform for which the wavelets are discretely sampled. As with other wavelet transforms, a key advantage it has over Fourier transforms is temporal ...

(DWT) based compression standard that could be adapted for motion imaging

video compression In information theory, data compression, source coding, or bit-rate reduction is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation. Any particular compression is either lossy or lossless. Lossless compression ...

with the Motion JPEG 2000 extension. JPEG 2000 technology was later selected as the

video coding standard A video coding format (or sometimes video compression format) is a content representation format for storage or transmission of digital video content (such as in a data file or bitstream). It typically uses a standardized video compression algo ...

for

digital cinema Digital cinema refers to adoption of digital technology within the film industry to distribute or project motion pictures as opposed to the historical use of reels of motion picture film, such as 35 mm film. Whereas film reels have to be ...

in 2004.

References

digitalpreservation.gov Motion JPEG 2000 File Format
Sustainability of Digital Formats - Planning for Library of Congress Collections

External links

Digital cinema reels from motion JPEG2000 advances

OpenJPEG homepage
open-source JPEG 2000 codec written in C, developed to promote the use of JPEG 2000.
GitHub page for OpenJPEG

Documentation for the Openjpeg Motion JPEG 2000 utilities.
{{ISO standards Motion-JPEG 2000 Graphics file formats ISO/IEC standards ITU-T recommendations Iranian inventions Swiss inventions

ISO Standards

MPEG vs MJ2

History

See also

References

External links