Monumento del Llano Amarillo is a monument in the Spanish territory of

Ceuta Ceuta (, , ; ar, سَبْتَة, Sabtah) is a Spanish autonomous city on the north coast of Africa. Bordered by Morocco, it lies along the boundary between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It is one of several Spanish territori ...

, in the North of Africa, at the bottom of Mount Hacho. The fifteen metre monument was moved here from Morocco in 1962 and it is one of the few sculptures left that record Spain's period of Nationalism following the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...

History

The monument records an "oath before the battle" made by generals, led by General Yagüe, involved in the conspiracy that gave rise to the

on 12 July 1936. The monument was designed by the sculptor Bonifacio López Torvizco and the architect was Francisco Martínez Hernanz. It was unveiled on 13 July 1940 in Llano Amarillo, near

Issaguen Issaguen (Berber: ⵉⵙⴻⴳⵡⵏ, ar, اساكن) is a town in Al Hoceïma Province, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Afri ...

, in the

Spanish Protectorate of Morocco The Spanish protectorate in Morocco ; es, Protectorado español de Marruecos, links=no, was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that converted the Spanish sphere of influence in Morocco into a formal protect ...

(now independent Morocco). The monument is a symbol of the eventual defeat of the republican forces. The main monolith is fifteen metres high with stylized wings. General Yague led his mutinous troops across the

Straits of Gibraltar The Strait of Gibraltar ( ar, مضيق جبل طارق, Maḍīq Jabal Ṭāriq; es, Estrecho de Gibraltar, Archaism, Archaic: Pillars of Hercules), also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to ...

from Ceuta. He joined up with other soldiers near Seville. Yague is a controversial figure as he is known to have killed thousands including civilians and hospital patients to avoid taking prisoners. The work was damaged by a five-person team financed by the

Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

banker and exile Josep Andreu Abelló. The team used paint to create the message "Amnesty and Freedom" which was a reference to Spanish political prisoners at that time. In 1962 and as a result of the independence of Morocco the monument was moved to Ceuta. It was disassembled stone by stone in Morocco and it was then rebuilt at this location.Monolith
ceutaturistica.com, accessed 6 February 2013 The monument is one of the few in Spain which commemorate the time when General Franco ruled Spain, and while it is still controversial there have been no recent attacks on the monument.

References

Buildings and structures in Ceuta Francoist monuments and memorials in Spain 1940 in Morocco 1962 in Spain 1940 sculptures {{Plazadesoberanía-stub