Moksha (, ) is a river in central
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
, a right
tributary
A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage ...
of the
Oka. It flows through
Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (russian: Пе́нзенская о́бласть, ''Penzenskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Penza. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,386,186.
Geogra ...
,
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (russian: link=no, Нижегородская область, ''Nizhegorodskaya oblast''), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,310 ...
,
Ryazan Oblast
Ryazan Oblast ( rus, Рязанская область, r=Ryazanskaya oblast, p=rʲɪˈzanskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Ryazan, which is the oblast's largest city.
Geo ...
and the
Republic of Mordovia
The Republic of Mordovia (russian: Респу́блика Мордо́вия, r=Respublika Mordoviya, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə mɐrˈdovʲɪjə; mdf, Мордовия Республиксь, ''Mordovija Respublikś''; myv, Мордовия Рес ...
, and joins the Oka near Pyatnitsky Yar, near the city of
Kasimov
Kasimov (russian: Каси́мов; tt-Cyrl, Касыйм;, Ханкирмән,Ханкирмән, Хан-Кермень, means " Khan's fortress" historically Gorodets Meshchyorsky, Novy Nizovoy) is a town in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on th ...
.
It is in length, and has a drainage basin of .
[«Река МОКША»]
Russian State Water Registry
In the 1950s, several hydroelectric power stations were built in the middle course of the river, but without navigable locks. In 1955, 2 km below the mouth of the river. Prices on the Moksha River built Rasypukhinsky hydro-power plant with a hydroelectric power station and a wooden shipping lock. Navigation on the river was carried out until the mid-1990s.
On the Moksha is the Trinity-Scans monastery, the Nativity-Theotokos Sanaksar Monastery and the Krasnoslobodsky Savior-Transfiguration Monastery.
Origin of name and cultural significance
Although
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
n lands with its origins of i.a
Slavic,
Uralic
The Uralic languages (; sometimes called Uralian languages ) form a language family of 38 languages spoken by approximately 25million people, predominantly in Northern Eurasia. The Uralic languages with the most native speakers are Hungarian lan ...
and
Turkic people were in its history a space were Russia developed isolated for a long time and unknown to the eastern, northern, western and southern neighbors, it was a cultural space which in other phases of history was used for interaction from peoples, cultures and tribes from different continents. Russia, Russian culture and its people became somewhat known for its neighbors in the middle and towards the end of 1st millennium AD. During this period in first sources, the terms of Russia,
Russkiye appeared.
The name is connected to the ancient Indo-European population of the Pohje, speaking a language close to the Baltic. Hydronym is comparable with the Indo-European basis meksha, meaning "spillage, leakage". It is suggested that in the language of Indo-European aborigines moksha meant "stream, current, river" and as a term entered into a series of hydronyms (Shirmksha, Mamoksha, etc.).
The name "Moksha" is mentioned by the monk-minorite Rubruk, the ambassador of the French King Louis IX to the Mongolian khan Sartak (1253).
Sources
In the monograph "The Nature of the Penza Region" it is pointed out that p. Moksha originates from above. Lookout Nechaevsky (now Mokshan district) of the Penza region. According to the latest information, Moksha begins in a ravine from the springs system near the village of Elizavetino. The source of Moksha is on a treeless place. Research conducted in 2009-2010. Showed that from the south with. Lookout among the elevated places stretches low (up to Elizavetino) about long. This site is called "Dry Moksha". In the hollow with a sandy and clay bottom deep, a creeping stream of in width runs (the study was conducted in May 2010). The constant flow of water is observed below the confluence of the hollow from the holy spring, where a small extension of the channel also forms. A true watercourse flows towards Vision in a poorly developed channel. In some places, the banks collapse in the face of the knocking out of them groundwater flowing into the channel. The bottom of the lowland where the stream flows is swamped. Along the banks of the stream, shrubs of willows, thickets of broadleaf cattails, reeds of forest and some other moisture-loving plants grow in the water. Thus, the source of Moksha is a drying creek, now fueled by thawed and groundwater. It stretches to c. The look gradually turning into a constant stream.
[[Артаев О. Н., Варгот Е. В., Ручин А. Б., Гришуткин О. Г. "О МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИИ ИСТОКА РЕКИ МОКШИ" - Журнал "Известия ПГУ им В.Г. Белинского 2011, Выпуск № 25 с. 650-651]]
Tributaries
The Moksha has the following tributaries, from mouth to source:
[
*49 km: Yezhachka
*51 km: Tsna (Moksha), Tsna
*82 km: Urzeva (Chyornaya Rechka)
*105 km: Vad
*121 km: Yermish
*135 km: Shoksha
*144 km: Yuzga
*150 km: Vyazhka
*160 km: Vedyazha
*170 km: Varnava
*177 km: Uzhovka
*183 km: Sarma
*191 km: ]Satis
SATIS or Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme, is a traffic improvement project in Mumbai, India.
Satis or SATIS may also refer to:
* Satis (goddess)
Satet, Satit or Satjet, Satjit in Ancient Egyptian ( egy, Sṯt or ', ."Pourer" or "S ...
*231 km: Lomovka
*248 km: Bolshoy Aksel
*258 km: Urey (Ureyka)
*266 km: Shavits (Varskley)
*294 km: Nuluy
*295 km: Urkat
*302 km: Sukhoy Urey
*310 km: Varma
*338 km: Sivin
*346 km: Shapa
*351 km: Gumenka
*360 km: Ryabka
*373 km: Linyevka
*388 km: Bolshaya Azyas
*412 km: Sezelka
*418 km: Mokshan
*420 km: Lashma
*432 km: Unuy
*437 km: Issa
*464 km: Panzha
*477 km: Sheldais
*492 km: Kamora
*497 km: Kaurets
*500 km: Modayev
*532 km: Lomovka
*540 km: Atmiss
*545 km: Iva
*553 km: Kerka
*562 km: Losma (near the village Gorlitsyno)
*563 km: Vyunka
*586 km: Medayevka (Madayevka)
*596 km: Muromka (Shirkoiss)
*599 km: Skachki
*604 km: Yulovka
*620 km: Azyas
*624 km: Saranka
References
{{Authority control
Rivers of Ryazan Oblast
Rivers of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Rivers of Penza Oblast
Rivers of Mordovia