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Mohammedan Sporting Club is an Indian
multi-sports club A sports club or sporting club, sometimes an athletics club or sports society or sports association, is a group of people formed for the purpose of playing sports. Sports clubs range from organisations whose members play together, unpaid, and ...
based in
Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...
,
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fou ...
. Its
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
team competes in
I-League The I-League (known as Hero I-League for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp) is the second-tier men's professional football competition of the Indian football league system. It is currently contested by 12 clubs across the country with the wi ...
, the second-tier of Indian football, as well as in
Calcutta Football League The Calcutta Football League (CFL) is a ladder-based football competition in the Indian state of West Bengal, organised by Indian Football Association (WB), under state football leagues in India. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league is offi ...
(CFL), the oldest football league in
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
. Formed in February 1891, it is one of the oldest active football clubs in the country. It was over three decades later since the foundation, the club became affiliated with the
Indian Football Association The Indian Football Association, abbreviated as IFA, is the organisation that administers association football in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the oldest Football Association in India and was founded in 1893. Among the founders was form ...
(IFA) to play in the second division of CFL before earning promotion to the premier division of CFL in 1933 and a year later, Mohammedan became the first Indian team to win the league and in 1938 became the first team to win it for five consecutive times. After the
independence of India The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged from Bengal. ...
, Mohammedan became the first Indian club to win a football tournament on foreign soil by lifting the
Aga Khan Gold Cup The Aga Khan Gold Cup was a tournament played in Dhaka, Bangladesh which invited the top club sides from leading football playing nations of Asia to compete. Many renowned football pundits regard this competition as a predecessor of AFC Champio ...
in 1960. In 1996, the club was one of the founding members of India's first nationwide league –
National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the majo ...
(NFL). Mohammedan has never won a top-tier league, only managing to win the 2004–05 NFL Second Division to qualify for NFL and the 2020 I-League Qualifiers to qualify for
I-League The I-League (known as Hero I-League for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp) is the second-tier men's professional football competition of the Indian football league system. It is currently contested by 12 clubs across the country with the wi ...
, which was then the first-tier league of India. They have won the Federation Cup twice in 1983–84 and 1984–85. Founded during the early years of
India's independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged from Bengal. ...
, Mohammedan had been a symbol of progressive Muslim identity through the tumultuous period of rebellion and the subsequent struggle for status in an altered post-partition landscape. Therefore the club is primarily supported by the
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
population of Bengal and it had provided a major backing to the community residing in Kolkata by spreading the sport to a sizeable population during its foundation days. This led to communal rivalry with its cross-town competitors –
East Bengal ur, , common_name = East Bengal , status = Province of the Dominion of Pakistan , p1 = Bengal Presidency , flag_p1 = Flag of British Bengal.svg , s1 = Ea ...
and
Mohun Bagan Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is an Indian professional sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1889, its football section is one of the oldest in India and Asia. The club is most notable for its victory over East Yorkshire Regim ...
(now
ATK Mohun Bagan ATK Mohun Bagan FC () is an Indian professional football club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. The club competes in Indian Super League, the top flight of Indian football. The club, which was formed as a merger between the football section of ...
), which were primarily supported by the
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
population of Bengal during the early decades. The rivalries with both the teams have become non-communal and mostly insignificant over the course of time due to the rarity of meeting them at major tournaments.


History


The beginning and early decades (1887–1930)

In 1887, under the leadership of
Khan Bahadur Khan Bahadur – a compound of khan ('leader') and bahadur ('brave') – was a formal title of respect and honor, which was conferred exclusively on Muslim and other non-Hindu natives of British India. It was one degree higher than the title of ...
Aminul Islam, a sporting club named ''Jubilee Club'' was founded, which was later renamed into ''Crescent Club'' and then into ''Hamidia Club.'' Finally in 1891, Islam reformed the club and named it ''Mohammedan Sporting Club'' to represent the Bengali Mohammedans living in
Calcutta Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commer ...
. The club participated in a number of local tournaments after its foundation but came into prominence only after they won the Cooch Behar Cup in 1902, 1906 and in 1909. Initially, the club's objective wasn't strictly communal, and the club members often showed sincere appreciation towards achievements of its counterpart –
Mohun Bagan AC Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is an Indian professional sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1889, its football section is one of the oldest in India and Asia. The club is most notable for its victory over East Yorkshire Regiment ...
, which was then supported by both
Bengali Hindus Bengali Hindus ( bn, বাঙ্গালী হিন্দু/বাঙালি হিন্দু, translit=Bāṅgālī Hindu/Bāṅāli Hindu) are an ethnoreligious population who make up the majority in the Indian states of West Benga ...
as well as Muslims. During Mohun Bagan's historic 1911
IFA Shield The IFA Shield is an annual football competition organized by the Indian Football Association. The IFA is the governing body of football in the state of West Bengal, came into existence in 1893. Named after the association, the IFA Shield to ...
victory, the members of the club "were almost mad and rolling on the ground with joyous excitement on the victory of their Hindu brethren."
Khan Sahib Khan Sahib is a compound of khan (leader) and sahib (master) - was a formal title of respect and honour, which was conferred mainly on Muslim, but also to Parsi, Irani, and Jewish subjects of the British Indian Empire. It was a title one degr ...
Syed Ahmed Rashid took a very keen interest in the social and sporting life in
Bengal Bengal ( ; bn, বাংলা/বঙ্গ, translit=Bānglā/Bôngô, ) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, predom ...
and was the elected Joint Secretary of Mohammedan, from 1925 to 1932. Although it was not before 1927 that the financial condition of the club improved when the team was able to play in the second division of the
Calcutta Football League The Calcutta Football League (CFL) is a ladder-based football competition in the Indian state of West Bengal, organised by Indian Football Association (WB), under state football leagues in India. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league is offi ...
(CFL). In order to overcome the precarious financial state of the club, the Joint Secretaries of the club made an appeal to the public "to support a scheme of the club, extending its activities in the social sphere of Muslims", and also requested for donations of ₹3,500 to ₹4,500. With the improved performances of the club in every sport it participated, the management was able to acquire a considerable amount of investment which helped the club to build better teams. Due to Rashid's widespread influence in sports in Bengal, Sir Francis Stanley Jackson, the
Governor of Bengal The Governor was the chief colonial administrator in the Bengal presidency, originally the "Presidency of Fort William" and later "Bengal province". In 1644, Gabriel Boughton procured privileges for the East India Company which permitted them t ...
, accepted the patronage of the club. During
Satyagraha Satyagraha ( sa, सत्याग्रह; ''satya'': "truth", ''āgraha'': "insistence" or "holding firmly to"), or "holding firmly to truth",' or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone wh ...
, Rashid helped to organise and make the club participate in the Monsoon League in 1930, the CFL in 1930 and 1931, and number of other sports tournaments, when every native club was boycotting sporting events, which was greatly appreciated by IFA, Bengal Hockey Association and Cricket Board of Control in Bengal and Assam. In 1930, Mohammedan finished last in the league table and was on the verge of being relegated out of the CFL 2nd Division, but was allowed to continue when one of the second division teams – East Indian Railway discontinued.


The golden period (1931–1947)

One of the club officials, CA Aziz concentrated on creating a strong team through modern strategies and was one of the only Indians to first realise the importance of playing in boots. Aziz recruited Mohun Bagan rejects like Kaleh Khan and Hafiz Rahid in 1931, and also players from different parts of India were gradually brought in, often in the name of religion. Players like Masum, Mahiuddin and Rahmat came from
Bangalore Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...
, while Jumma Khan arrived from
North-West Frontier Province The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP; ps, شمال لویدیځ سرحدي ولایت, ) was a Chief Commissioner's Province of British India, established on 9 November 1901 from the north-western districts of the Punjab Province. Followi ...
, thus forming a truly cosmopolitan team. The whole team had a Muslim core, with no players outside the community. This helped Aziz to create unmatched unity in his squad which showed on and off the field. In 1933, Mohammedan qualified for the premier division of CFL for the first time in its history by topping the second division. Under the captaincy of Khurshid Anwar, Mohammedan became the first native club to capture the
CFL The Canadian Football League (CFL; french: Ligue canadienne de football—LCF) is a professional sports league in Canada. The CFL is the highest level of competition in Canadian football. The league consists of nine teams, each located in a ci ...
title in 1934, in their very first year in top division. In March 1935, he was unanimously elected as the General Secretary of the club for the second time and in October that year he organised a successful tour to
Rangoon Yangon ( my, ရန်ကုန်; ; ), formerly spelled as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar (also known as Burma). Yangon served as the capital of Myanmar until 2006, when the military government ...
,
Mandalay Mandalay ( or ; ) is the second-largest city in Myanmar, after Yangon. Located on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River, 631km (392 miles) (Road Distance) north of Yangon, the city has a population of 1,225,553 (2014 census). Mandalay was fou ...
, Maymyo,
Colombo Colombo ( ; si, කොළඹ, translit=Koḷam̆ba, ; ta, கொழும்பு, translit=Koḻumpu, ) is the executive and judicial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka by population. According to the Brookings Institution, Colombo me ...
, Galle,
Kandy Kandy ( si, මහනුවර ''Mahanuwara'', ; ta, கண்டி Kandy, ) is a major city in Sri Lanka located in the Central Province. It was the last capital of the ancient kings' era of Sri Lanka. The city lies in the midst of hills ...
,
Madras Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
,
Bangalore Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...
and
Mysore Mysore (), officially Mysuru (), is a city in the southern part of the state of Karnataka, India. Mysore city is geographically located between 12° 18′ 26″ north latitude and 76° 38′ 59″ east longitude. It is located at an altitude o ...
for the football team. That year, the captain's armband was handed over to the young and charismatic Abbas Mirza and later in the summer, Mohammedan recruited goalkeeper Osman Jan from Crescent Club in
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...
. With Osman Jan under the bar, Taj Mohammad and Jumma Khan'','' were part of a strong and formidable back-line. The trio of Rahim, Hafiz Rashid and Rahmat led the goalscoring duties and, Rashid and Rahim would go on to become the league's top scorer in 1935 with 16 goals and 1938 with 18 goals respectively. Along with new and young recruits every year, two defining names remained constant in the team – Syed Abdus Samad, who joined in 1933, and Mohammed Salim, who returned for a second spell in 1934. In 1936, Mohammedan became the first all-Indian team since 1911 to win
IFA Shield The IFA Shield is an annual football competition organized by the Indian Football Association. The IFA is the governing body of football in the state of West Bengal, came into existence in 1893. Named after the association, the IFA Shield to ...
by defeating Calcutta CFC in the final by 2–1 with goals from Rashid Jr. and Rahim. With their third league win that year, they also became the first Indian club to win the League-Shield "double". During this time, Salim took trials at
Celtic FC The Celtic Football Club, commonly known as Celtic (), is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership. The club was founded in 1887 with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the immigran ...
, and was selected for the team but after playing two friendlies in
Scottish Football Alliance The Scottish Football Alliance was a football league football structure set up in Scotland in competition with the Scottish Football League. Its success in the early years of professional football in both England and Scotland made Alliance the basi ...
, he returned to Mohammedan being homesick, even though being offered contracts from Celtic as well as from clubs in
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
. Thus, he became the first Indian to play for a foreign club. From 1934 to 1938, Mohammedan won the league for record five consecutive times and missed out the title only once in 1939 from 1934 to 1941, when they declined to play in protest against IFA. By this time Mohammedan became the undisputed ''Invincibles'' of CFL and football in India was no more only about the
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...
against the Indians but also the Hindus (via Mohun Bagan and
East Bengal Club East Bengal Club, commonly referred to as East Bengal (), is an Indian professional multi-sport club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. It is best known for its professional men's football team that competes in the Indian Super League, the top ...
) versus the Muslims. Mohammedan's another great achievement came in the form of
Durand Cup The Durand Football Tournament, commonly known as Durand Cup, is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and All India Football Federation ...
, which was then reserved only for British and British-Indian regimental teams until 1940, when civilian teams were also allowed to participate due to most regiments called in for
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. The final was scheduled on 12 December 1940 at Irwin Amphitheatre in
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Hous ...
and numerous eminent Muslim politicians flew in from far-off cities like Calcutta,
Dhaka Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), List of renamed places in Bangladesh, formerly known as Dacca, is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest ...
,
Hyderabad Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the ''de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of Southern Indi ...
and
Bhopal Bhopal (; ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the ''City of Lakes'' due to its various natural and artificial lakes. It i ...
, while common supporters arrived in trains and tongas to watch the match. It was also the first time a football game of such importance was being officiated by an Indian referee, Captain Harnam Singh. Along with around 1,00,000 spectators, as per traditions, Lord Linlithgow, the
Viceroy of India The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 19 ...
, stood witness as Mohammedan defeated Royal Warwickshire Regiment 2–1, under the captaincy of Masum and goals coming from Rashid and Saboo. This victory by a team of only Muslim players at the capital city provided a massive boost to the Muslim national movement in the country. They also captured the Rover's Cup without conceding a goal in the tournament and beating Bangalore Muslims FC 1–0 in the final, thus creating another unique record of holding CFL, Durand Cup and Rover's Cup titles all in the same year. Their successes led to frenzied support from Muslims in every city of India, followed by increased number of donations to improve the club. They had an abundance of finances and were the first Indian team to play with boots, with a focus on proper diet and physical fitness for their players. In 1941, they won their second Shield, when they beat
King's Own Scottish Borderers The King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSBs) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Scottish Division. On 28 March 2006 the regiment was amalgamated with the Royal Scots, the Royal Highland Fusiliers (Princess Margaret's O ...
in the final. They also became the first Indian team to score 100 goals in a year, when they scored 110 goals in all competitions that year. They also became the first Indian club to retain the Shield, when they saw off East Bengal's challenge in 1942 final with a goal from Noor Mohammad. Due to the huge popularity, in 1943, Kaiser Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, the Prime Minister of
Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...
, came all the way to Calcutta to play for Mohammedan, thus he became the first non-Muslim and
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
player to don Mohammedan colours. The following years until the
Independence of India The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged from Bengal. ...
, Mohammedan lost its dominance and failed to bring back any major silverware into their club tent.


Considerable period of success (1947–1980)

After the partition in 1947, the club lost many of its elite patrons, members as well as players, who chose to move to newly formed
Islamic state An Islamic state is a state that has a form of government based on Islamic law (sharia). As a term, it has been used to describe various historical polities and theories of governance in the Islamic world. As a translation of the Arabic ter ...
of
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
, and soon there was a struggle to run which became evident with the club's performance in major tournaments. Yet, few players returned to continue playing for Mohammedan as foreign nationals. Regardless, the club managed to win the first CFL title in the post-independent India in 1948. Mohammedan continued to bring in numerous football talents from Pakistan and
Masood Fakhri Masood Fakhri ( pa, ; 1932 – 6 September 2016) was a Pakistani professional footballer who played as a forward. A former Pakistani international, Fakhri was well known for his time with Indian Kolkata clubs East Bengal and Mohammedan. He a ...
became the first Pakistani international to sign with the club in 1955. After 8 years of title drought, Mohammedan went on to win the Rover's Cup for the second time in 1956 by beating the defending champions Mohun Bagan 3–1 in the final. The Rover's Cup win paved the way to regain Mohammedan's lost dominance over football in India and bagged the League-Shield double of CFL and IFA Shield next year. In the league, Mohammedan surpassed East Bengal by a point and defeated
Railways Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a prep ...
3–0 in the Shield final. By the 1960s, Mohammedan changed its rules and formed teams with players from other communities too. In 1960, as a top club of India, Mohammedan was invited to the
Aga Khan Gold Cup The Aga Khan Gold Cup was a tournament played in Dhaka, Bangladesh which invited the top club sides from leading football playing nations of Asia to compete. Many renowned football pundits regard this competition as a predecessor of AFC Champio ...
, which was at that time considered a continental tournament to determine the unofficial Asian champions. Held in Dhaka, Mohammedan became the first Indian side to win a trophy on foreign soil, beating the
Perserikatan Perserikatan is a term that commonly refers to national amateur football competitions in Indonesia held between 1931 and 1994 before the formation of Liga Indonesia, organized by the PSSI, the Indonesian football federation. The competition involve ...
champions Persatuan Sepakbola Makassar 4–1 in the final. The match is still considered to be one of the greatest matches ever played in Dhaka, and also featured renowned Pakistani forward Mohammad Omar Baloch for Mohammedan. Despite considerably low performance domestically, Mohammedan was still one of the biggest crowd pullers, especially in Delhi, during Durand Cup and
DCM Trophy The Delhi Cloth Mills Trophy, known simply as D.C.M. Trophy, was an invitational football tournament in India. It was held annually in New Delhi and was organised by the local Delhi Football Association. It was India's first football tourname ...
. The next CFL success came only after a decade since their last win, when Mohammedan became the champions without losing a single match, registering their tenth CFL title. In 1971, Mohammedan won the IFA Shield without conceding a goal and by defeating Tollygunge Agragami FC 2–0 in the final.


Gradual downfall and a period of major failure (1981–2019)

In the 80s, the success came at the beginning with Mohammedan winning the '81 CFL unbeaten for the third time, surpassing Mohun Bagan by a point. The following year, Mohammedan appointed one of the iconic Indian footballers,
Syed Nayeemuddin Syed Nayeemuddin (born 1944), known as Nayeem, is an Indian football coach and former player. He played for and was captain of the Indian national teamIran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
ian duo
Majid Bishkar Majid Beshkar ( fa, مجید بیشکار; born ) is a retired Iranian professional footballer. He is best known for his contributions towards the Indian football clubs SC East Bengal and Mohammedan SC, both based in the city of Kolkata, West B ...
and
Jamshid Nassiri Jamshid Nassiri (born 15 March 1959 in Khorramshahr) is an Iranian-Indian football manager and former footballer, who is currently the technical director of Calcutta Premier Division side Peerless. Nassiri is known for forming a successful atta ...
, from their local rivals East Bengal. Bishkar became the first player to play for Mohammedan with the experience of appearing in
FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the ' ( FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has ...
. In 1983, Mohammedan won its first Federation Cup, which was then the only true national championship, by defeating Mohun Bagan 2–0 in the final, and successfully defended the Cup by defeating East Bengal 1–0 in the next year's final. In 1985, they signed
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
n striker
Chima Okorie Chima Ephraim Okorie (born 8 October 1968 in Izomber, Abia State) is a Nigerian former professional football striker who was renowned for his goalscoring prowess in the Indian leagues. He went on to score 131 goals for East Bengal in three ...
from Chandigarh FC, who was considered one of the greatest foreign players in India. The later 80s saw a continued drop in performance, winning only minor silverwares with only major success coming in the form of 1987 Rover's Cup. In 1990, Mohammedan participated in the Jawaharlal Nehru Centenary Club Cup, which was the only international club tournament held in India. Mohammedan, as the only Indian team, qualified for the semi-finals by defeating the Zambian national team 1–0 and
FC Metalist 1925 Kharkiv Football Club Metalist 1925 Kharkiv ( uk, Металіст 1925) is a professional football club from Kharkiv, Ukraine. Founded in 2016, the club plays in the Ukrainian Premier League. Their home stadium is Metalist Oblast Sports Complex with 40, ...
1–0 but losing 2–0 to Gimnasia Esgrima. In the semi-final, Mohammedan lost 1–0 to
Paraguayan Primera División The División Profesional de la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol (; "Professional Division of the Paraguayan Football Association"), also known as the Primera División (; "first division"), or due to sponsorship reasons Copa de Primera TIGO-Vi ...
champion
Club Olimpia Club Olimpia is a Paraguayan sports club based in the city of Asunción. The club promotes the practice of various sports with most importance given to the football, rugby and basketball sides, the former being the highest priority and most su ...
. Nigerian midfielder
Emeka Ezeugo Emeka Ezeugo (born 16 December 1965) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He debuted as a professional footballer for Indian club East Bengal FC, has also represented the Nigeria national team in the FIFA ...
of Mohammedan was awarded Taj Bengal Trophy for player of the tournament. Mohammedan was nominated from India to participate in the
1992–93 Asian Cup Winners' Cup The winners of the 1992–93 Asian Cup Winners' Cup, the association football competition run by the Asian Football Confederation, are listed below. First round 1 Sing Tao withdrew. 2 PIA and York both withdrew; the tie was scra ...
and was scheduled to play against Omani Professional League champions
Fanja SC Fanja Sports Club ( ar, نادي فنجاء الرياضي; also known locally as ''Al-Malik'', or "The King" because of their great success, or just plainly as Fanja) is an Omani sports club based in Fanja, Oman. The club is currently playing i ...
in the first round but they withdrew their team from the competition. Near the end of the century, all the '''Big Three clubs of Maidan faced serious financial jeopardy due to increased expenses to compete at the top level and limited source of income, only relying upon supporters' fund and contributions from individuals often belonging to political field. The players were being unpaid for months at a time and coaches were frequently being replaced due to unimproved performance. Mohammedan's trophy drought continued and in 1996 they became one of the founding members of India's first national league –
National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the majo ...
(NFL). Under the coaching of newly appointed
Mridul Banerjee Mridul Banerjee is an Indian football manager and is the current Head coach of the Calcutta Premier Division side Dalhousie AC. He also earlier served as the Manager cum Assistant Coach of the SC East Bengal in the Indian Super League. Manage ...
, Mohammedan finished in the bottom two of group table and was relegated to NFL 2nd Division in their debut season. In the following season, Mohammedan finished in the bottom half of the group table, therefore getting relegated from NFL 2nd Division as well. During this time,
Vijay Mallya Vijay Vittal Mallya (born 18 December 1955) is an Indian businessman, former politician and fugitive. He is the subject of an extradition effort by the Indian Government to return him from the UK to face charges of financial crimes in India. ...
owned
United Breweries Group United Breweries Holdings Limited (UBHL), also called UB Group, is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in UB City, Bangalore, Karnataka. Its core business includes beverages and investments in various sectors. The company markets beer und ...
, approached with partnership offers to Mohammedan along with the other two Maidan clubs – Mohun Bagan and East Bengal, but the club being named after
Prophet Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد;  570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monoth ...
refused to accept funding from a
liquor Liquor (or a spirit) is an alcoholic drink produced by distillation of grains, fruits, vegetables, or sugar, that have already gone through alcoholic fermentation. Other terms for liquor include: spirit drink, distilled beverage or h ...
brand. After two seasons, Mohammedan once again qualified for NFL 2nd Division in 2000–01 only to get relegated once again. With hopes of improving the standards, Mohammedan signed their first foreign coach, former Nigerian club player, Chibuzor Nwakanma.CHIBUZOR NEW MD. SP. COACH
''telegraphindia.com''.
The Telegraph (India) ''The Telegraph'' is an Indian English daily newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a ...
. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
In the next season, the club played in the NFL 2nd Division under the coaching of Mohammed Habib and achieved promotion by finishing second in the final league table. Club icon, Nassiri, was put in-charge for the club's second NFL campaign by newly appointed technical director, PK Banerjee, a renowned footballer as well as coach himself, but Mohammedan suffered another relegation. With the return of Habib as the coach, the club successfully won the 2004–05 NFL 2nd Division, thereby achieving promotion. With renowned tactician Subhas Bhowmick at the helm, the club finished eighth in the 2005–06 NFL and avoided relegation from NFL for the first time, but the following season they eventually got relegated by finishing ninth in the table. Until then NFL and NFL 2nd Division were semi-professional football leagues, but in 2007 the leagues were reformed into professional
I-League The I-League (known as Hero I-League for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp) is the second-tier men's professional football competition of the Indian football league system. It is currently contested by 12 clubs across the country with the wi ...
and
I-League 2nd Division I-League 2, previously known as I-League 2nd Division and officially known as or Hero I-League 2 (for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp), is an Indian men's professional football league. It is the 3rd tier of Indian football, behind Indian ...
respectively. With the appointment of
Shabbir Ali Shabbir Ali (born 26 January 1956) is an Indian football manager and former player. He was awarded the Dhyan Chand Award, the highest award in Indian sports for lifetime achievement, given by Government of India in 2011. He is the first footba ...
as the official coach of the club, Mohammedan achieved promotion to
2008–09 I-League The I-League 2008–2009 season began on 26 September 2008 and finished on 16 April 2009 with a break in December for the Federation Cup and Durand Cup. Most games this season were played on Saturday's and Sunday's to attract larger crowds. Af ...
but got relegated after finishing eleventh in the table. In November 2010, Mohammedan organised Platinum Jubilee Celebration Cup tournament to commemorate the 75th anniversary of their 1934 CFL win, with Mohun Bagan, East Bengal and the world's oldest existing football club
Sheffield FC Sheffield Football Club is an English football club from Sheffield, South Yorkshire, although now based in nearby Dronfield, across the county boundary in Derbyshire. They currently compete in the . Founded in October 1857,
being invited to play. As brand ambassador of Mohammedan, former
Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asia ...
cricket captain
Sourav Ganguly Sourav Chandidas Ganguly (; natively spelled as Gangopadhyay; born 8 July 1972), affectionately known as Dada (meaning ''"elder brother"'' in Bengali), is an Indian cricket administrator, commentator and former national cricket team captain w ...
played for the club, wearing number 99 jersey, against East Bengal in a 1–0 defeat. The tournament culminated with a
Kolkata Derby The Kolkata Derby (locally known as "Boro Match"; bn, বড় ম্যাচ) is the football match in Kolkata, between East Bengal and ATK Mohun Bagan (Mohun Bagan till 2019–20). In January 2020, the owners of a Kolkata based Indian Su ...
, where East Bengal emerged victorious after a
penalty shoot-out The penalty shootout is a method of determining a winner in sports matches that would have otherwise been drawn or tied. The rules for penalty shootouts vary between sports and even different competitions; however, the usual form is similar to pe ...
. In 2013, under Sanjoy Sen, Mohammedan would achieve promotion to I-League and also put an end to a long wait for major success by winning Durand Cup and then the 2014 IFA Shield by beating
Bangladesh Premier League The Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) ( bn, বাংলাদেশ প্রিমিয়ার লীগ) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league consisting of seven franchises. The BPL is one of the three professional cricket leagues in ...
runners-up
Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club ) , founded = , dissolved = , ground = Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani Stadium , capacity = 5,000 , owntitle = , owner = , mgrtitle = Head Coach , coach = Maruful Haque , chairman = Safwan Sobhan Tasvir , league = Bangladesh Premier Leagu ...
in the penalty shootout. But once again faced relegation in the
2013–14 I-League The 2013–14 I-League (known as the ''Airtel I-League'' for sponsorship reasons) was the seventh season of the I-League, the top-tier Indian professional league for football clubs, since its establishment in 2007. The season began on 21 Septemb ...
after finishing at the bottom of the table. Later in 2015, they participated in Sheikh Kamal International Club Cup in Bangladesh. The club showed major signs of reformation in 2016, when Ghazal Uz Zafar, a Kolkata-based young entrepreneur, took over as the General Secretary of the club. It was under his secretaryship, the club became runners-up in 2016 CFL after eight years and also lifted the 2016 Sikkim Governor's Gold Cup for the first time since 1980 by defeating Jhapa XI of Nepal by 1–0. In 2018, they emerged as the champions of
Bordoloi Trophy The Bordoloi Trophy, also known as the Bharat Ratna Lokopriya Gopinath Bordoloi Trophy, is a premier annual Indian football tournament held in Guwahati and organized by Guwahati Sports Association (GSA). The tournament was first started in 1952 ...
, defeating Oil India Limited by 3–1 margin. But their wait for success in the national league and other major tournaments was yet to come to an end.


Revival of the lost glory (2020–present)

In October 2020, under the secretaryship of Sk. Wasim Akram, Mohammedan for the first time entered into a
joint-venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to acce ...
with a
Gurgaon Gurgaon (pronunciation: �ʊɽɡãːw, officially named Gurugram (pronunciation: �ʊɾʊɡɾaːm, is a city located in the northern Indian state of Haryana. It is situated near the Delhi–Haryana border, about southwest of the nationa ...
based
sports management Sport management is the field of business dealing with sports and recreation. Sports management involves any combination of skills that correspond with planning, organizing, directing, controlling, budgeting, leading, or evaluating of any organiz ...
company Bunkerhill, with an aim to eventually qualify or enter the Indian Super League, which had been promoted as the top-tier league in 2019. With newly appointed
Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
coach José Hevia, Mohammedan got promoted to
2020–21 I-League The 2020–21 I-League (known as the ''Hero I-League'' for sponsorship reasons) was the 14th season of the I-League, one of the top tier Indian professional football leagues, since its establishment in 2007. The tournament was hosted in bio-sec ...
after winning 2020 I-League Qualifiers, which temporarily had replaced the traditional I-League 2nd Division due to
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identi ...
restrictions. The club signed previous I-League season's top scorer,
Pedro Manzi Pedro Javier Manzi Cruz (born 13 October 1988) is a Uruguayan-born Spanish professional Association football, footballer who plays as a Forward (association football), forward for I-League club Rajasthan United FC, Rajasthan United. Career Che ...
along with Bangladeshi football team captain
Jamal Bhuyan Jamal Harris Bhuyan ( bn, জামাল হ্যারিস ভূইয়া; born 10 April 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bangladesh Premier League club Sheikh Russel KC. Born in Denmark, he represents as ...
for their
AFC AFC may stand for: Organizations * Action for Children, a UK children's charity * AFC Enterprises, the franchisor of Popeye's Chicken and Biscuits * Africa Finance Corporation, a pan-African multilateral development finance institution * A ...
quota. After Hevia being sacked mid-season, Mohammedan finished at sixth under their technical director Sankarlal Chakraborty. In May 2021, the club appointed
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
's former assistant coach
Andrey Chernyshov Andrey Alekseyevich Chernyshov (Russian: Андрей Алексеевич Чернышов; born 7 January 1968) is a Russian football manager and former player. He has been appointed as the new manager of I-League club Mohammedan Sporting. C ...
, and with him at the helm, Mohammedan reached the Durand Cup final for the first time since 2013 but fell short against
FC Goa Football Club Goa is an Indian professional football club based in Goa, that competes in the Indian Super League, the top flight of Indian football. The club was established on 26 August 2014. Nicknamed as '' Gaurs'', the club plays their h ...
by just a solitary goal. The following month, Mohammedan clinched their twelfth CFL title after forty long years of wait by defeating Railway FC 1–0 in the final of a newer and shorter knock-out format. As one of the title contenders with
Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia ( Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hu ...
n midfielder Nikola Stojanović holding the captain's arm-band and Trinbagonian international
Marcus Joseph Marcus Leric "Lobo" Jr. Joseph (born 29 April 1991) is a Trinidadian professional footballer who plays as a forward for I-League club Mohammedan and the Trinidad and Tobago national team. Career Gokulam Kerala In January 2019, Marcus signed f ...
leading the goalscoring charts by 15 goals, Mohammedan for the first time ran for their maiden national league title at
2021–22 I-League The 2021–22 I-League (also known as Hero I-League for sponsorship reasons) is the 15th season of I-League, last as the top tier of Indian football league system, since its establishment in 2007. All the matches are hosted in a bio-secure bub ...
, but finished second after a 2–1 defeat against the table toppers
Gokulam Kerala FC Gokulam Kerala Football Club is an Indian professional football club based in Calicut, Kerala. Founded in 2017, the club competes in the I-League, the second tier of Indian football league system. They won the 2020–21 I-League to become th ...
on the final matchday in a must win situation. In October, the club retained their CFL title.


Crest and colours


Crest

The crest of Mohammedan Sporting Club is derived from the typical
Islamic Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the ma ...
iconographic symbol used in various historical contexts. It has the star and crescent in middle, which is partially surrounded by floral patterns and, the name of the club, its year of foundation and the country based inscribed below within the shapes of waving banners. The colour of the crest is also in accordance to the
Quranic The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , si ...
colour of
green Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combin ...
.


Colours

The club had adopted the nickname of ''Black Panthers'' since their Blank Panther inspired jerseys for 2020–21 season, which also resembled their traditional club colours of black (primary) and white (secondary), hence historically they were often termed as "সাদা–কালো ব্রিগেড" ().


Sponsorship


Slogan

"Jan Jan Mohammedan" (
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
: 'জান জান মহামেডান') is the slogan popular among club supporters.


Stadiums

Historically to host their home games, the club has used several grounds in
Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...
,
Howrah Howrah (, , alternatively spelled as Haora) is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. Howrah is located on the western bank of the Hooghly River opposite its twin city of Kolkata. Administratively it lies within Howrah district, and is ...
,
Barasat Barasat () is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of Barasat Sadar subdivision. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) ...
and Kalyani, including
Eden Gardens The Eden Gardens is a cricket ground in Kolkata, India. Established in 1864, it is the oldest and second-largest cricket stadium in India and third-largest in the world. The stadium currently has a capacity of 66,000. Eden Gardens is often re ...
, which has been reserved for
cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by st ...
since
Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan The Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan (VYBK; ), commonly known as the Salt Lake Stadium, is an all-seater multi-purpose stadium located in Bidhannagar, with current capacity of 85,000 spectators. Named after Swami Vivekananda, the stadium fo ...
opened in 1984.


Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan

Mohammedan plays most of its major fixtures at
Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan The Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan (VYBK; ), commonly known as the Salt Lake Stadium, is an all-seater multi-purpose stadium located in Bidhannagar, with current capacity of 85,000 spectators. Named after Swami Vivekananda, the stadium fo ...
, commonly called Salt Lake Stadium, located in the suburb of
Bidhannagar Bidhannagar is a planned urban agglomeration and city and a municipal corporation of the North 24 Parganas in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is in Greater Kolkata region and also a part of the area covered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Dev ...
in
Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...
. A multi-purpose stadium owned by the
Government of West Bengal The Government of West Bengal also known as the West Bengal Government, is the subnational government of the Indian state of West Bengal , created by the National Constitution as the state's legislative, executive and judicial authority. The ...
under Youth Affairs and Sports Department, the VYKB primarily hosts
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
matches, apart from occasional
track and field Track and field is a sport that includes athletic contests based on running, jumping, and throwing skills. The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping eve ...
events. The stadium was built in 1984, predominately for matches like
Kolkata Derby The Kolkata Derby (locally known as "Boro Match"; bn, বড় ম্যাচ) is the football match in Kolkata, between East Bengal and ATK Mohun Bagan (Mohun Bagan till 2019–20). In January 2020, the owners of a Kolkata based Indian Su ...
that featured attendance too huge for the grounds in Maidan to accommodate. Before its renovation in 2011, it was the largest football stadium in the world by capacity of 120,000. Prior to the construction and opening of Rungrado 1st of May Stadium in 1989, it was the largest football stadium in the world. It is currently the fourth largest sports stadium in Asia by capacity. The gigantic stadium features three tiers of concrete galleries with nine entry gates, including a
VIP A very important person or personage (VIP or V.I.P.) is a person who is accorded special privileges due to their high social status, influence or importance. The term was not common until sometime after World War 2 by RAF pilots. Examples inc ...
gate, and 30 ramps for the spectators to reach the viewing blocks. The stadium has been mostly used to host major home games like in
National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the majo ...
and
I-League The I-League (known as Hero I-League for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp) is the second-tier men's professional football competition of the Indian football league system. It is currently contested by 12 clubs across the country with the wi ...
.


Mohammedan Sporting Ground

The
Mohammedan Sporting Ground Mohammedan Sporting Ground, also known as Mohammedan Sporting–Howrah Union Ground, is a multi-use stadium in Kolkata, India. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is mainly the home stadium of Mohammedan Sporting. The ground ...
is operated by Mohammedan, which is located in Maidan on the northern side of Fort William and adjacent to the club tent. The ground has natural grass turf with a capacity of 25,000. After the renovations in 2017, the ground was installed with floodlights, an air-conditioned press room and a gymnasium named after ''The Greatest''
Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century, ...
to honour his visit to the club in December 1990. Yet the stadium is not upto the standards required to host top-tier league matches and currently the stadium mostly hosts matches for
Calcutta Football League The Calcutta Football League (CFL) is a ladder-based football competition in the Indian state of West Bengal, organised by Indian Football Association (WB), under state football leagues in India. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league is offi ...
, lower division leagues and youth tournaments.


Rivalry


Rivalry of the ''Big Three''

Mohammedan previously had a significant rivalry against the neighbouring clubs –
Mohun Bagan Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is an Indian professional sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1889, its football section is one of the oldest in India and Asia. The club is most notable for its victory over East Yorkshire Regim ...
(now
ATK Mohun Bagan ATK Mohun Bagan FC () is an Indian professional football club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. The club competes in Indian Super League, the top flight of Indian football. The club, which was formed as a merger between the football section of ...
) and
East Bengal ur, , common_name = East Bengal , status = Province of the Dominion of Pakistan , p1 = Bengal Presidency , flag_p1 = Flag of British Bengal.svg , s1 = Ea ...
. The initiation of the feuds goes back to the early 30s, when Mohammedan came out as a dominant contender for Calcutta Football League by winning seven out of eight titles from 1934 to 1941. Since then until 1958, all the CFL titles were won among these three rival clubs, often referred as the ''Big Three of Maidan'' (
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
: ময়দানের তিন প্রধান), and even in other major tournaments like
Durand Cup The Durand Football Tournament, commonly known as Durand Cup, is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and All India Football Federation ...
, Rover's Cup and
IFA Shield The IFA Shield is an annual football competition organized by the Indian Football Association. The IFA is the governing body of football in the state of West Bengal, came into existence in 1893. Named after the association, the IFA Shield to ...
, the three clubs contended against each other for the honours. The rivalry initially had a communal background since Mohammedan being a
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
-only club representing the Muslim population of Kolkata, thereby forcing the
Hindus Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
in the city to compete via their support for Mohun Bagan and East Bengal even though they weren't communal clubs themselves. By the 1960s, communal tension involved in the feud became insignificant as the club began to regularly sign non-Muslim players as well. But the club also lost their dominance in Indian football and after the inception of national tournaments like Federation Cup and
National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the majo ...
, Mohammedan was no more a top club and mostly playing in the lower tiers. Thus, the club rarely met Mohun Bagan and East Bengal at major tournaments due to them being in the top tier. Unlike the ever fierce East Bengal-Mohun Bagan feud termed as
Kolkata Derby The Kolkata Derby (locally known as "Boro Match"; bn, বড় ম্যাচ) is the football match in Kolkata, between East Bengal and ATK Mohun Bagan (Mohun Bagan till 2019–20). In January 2020, the owners of a Kolkata based Indian Su ...
, the matches including Mohammedan and Mohun Bagan or East Bengal is commonly termed as Mini Kolkata Derby.


Players


First-team squad


Current technical staff


Coaching staff


Management


Previous seasons

Only the seasons since the introduction of a national league in 1996 has been stated below.


Managerial history

*
Syed Nayeemuddin Syed Nayeemuddin (born 1944), known as Nayeem, is an Indian football coach and former player. He played for and was captain of the Indian national teamShabbir Ali Shabbir Ali (born 26 January 1956) is an Indian football manager and former player. He was awarded the Dhyan Chand Award, the highest award in Indian sports for lifetime achievement, given by Government of India in 2011. He is the first footba ...
(1985–1992) * Sudip Chatterjee (1997) *
Mridul Banerjee Mridul Banerjee is an Indian football manager and is the current Head coach of the Calcutta Premier Division side Dalhousie AC. He also earlier served as the Manager cum Assistant Coach of the SC East Bengal in the Indian Super League. Manage ...
(1997–1998) * Pungam Kannan (1998–1999) * Mohammed Habib (1999–2000) * Syed Firoze (2000–2001) * Chandu Roy Chowdhury (2001) * Chibuzor Nwakanma (2001–2002) * Mohammed Habib (2002–2003) * Shankar Maitra (2003) *
Jamshid Nassiri Jamshid Nassiri (born 15 March 1959 in Khorramshahr) is an Iranian-Indian football manager and former footballer, who is currently the technical director of Calcutta Premier Division side Peerless. Nassiri is known for forming a successful atta ...
(2003–2004) * Mohammed Habib (2005) *
Subhash Bhowmick Subhash Bhowmick (2 October 1950 – 22 January 2022) was an Indian football player and manager. During his playing career, he represented the "Big Two" of Kolkata football, East Bengal and Mohun Bagan. He also represented India in various int ...
(2005–2006) *
Shabbir Ali Shabbir Ali (born 26 January 1956) is an Indian football manager and former player. He was awarded the Dhyan Chand Award, the highest award in Indian sports for lifetime achievement, given by Government of India in 2011. He is the first footba ...
(2007–2010) * Ayodeji Fuja Tope (2010–2011) *
Syed Nayeemuddin Syed Nayeemuddin (born 1944), known as Nayeem, is an Indian football coach and former player. He played for and was captain of the Indian national teamAloke Mukherjee Aloke Mukherjee is an Indian former international association football, football left back. He was active as a footballer from 1978 to 1997. He was named in the All Time best Eleven Indian Team by footballer and coach Pradip Kumar Banerjee, PK. ...
(2011–2013) * Abdul Aziz Moshood (2013) *
Sanjoy Sen Sanjoy Sen (born 12 December 1960) is a association football, football manager who currently serves as the assistant manager of Indian Super League side ATK Mohun Bagan FC, ATK Mohun Bagan. Under his leadership Mohun Bagan won the title of 2014 ...
(2013–2014) *
Mridul Banerjee Mridul Banerjee is an Indian football manager and is the current Head coach of the Calcutta Premier Division side Dalhousie AC. He also earlier served as the Manager cum Assistant Coach of the SC East Bengal in the Indian Super League. Manage ...
(2014–2015) *
Ananta Kumar Ghosh Ananta Kumar Ghosh (born 4 November 1954) is an Indian football coach who last managed Mohammedan Sporting. Coaching career Born in Kolkata, West Bengal, Ghosh started his coaching career in football in the 1980s when he gained his Master o ...
(2015–2016) * Ranjan Chowdhury (2017–2018) * Biswajit Bhattacharya (2017–2018) * Raghunath Nandi (2018–2019) *
Subrata Bhattacharya Subrata Bhattacharya is an Indian football manager and former professional footballer who played as a defender for the Indian national team and spent 17 years playing for Mohun Bagan. He was the stopper back for Mohun Bagan during 1975 IFA Sh ...
(2019) * Saheed Ramon (2019) *
Yan Law Yan Cheng Law (born 24 December 1992) is an Indian professional football coach. He is currently the manager of I-League club Delhi FC. Career At the age of 18, while playing for George Telegraph in the Calcutta league, Law was forced to take ...
(2020) * José Carlos Hevia (2020–2021) * Sankarlal Chakraborty (2021) *
Andrey Chernyshov Andrey Alekseyevich Chernyshov (Russian: Андрей Алексеевич Чернышов; born 7 January 1968) is a Russian football manager and former player. He has been appointed as the new manager of I-League club Mohammedan Sporting. C ...
(2021–2022) * Kibu Vicuña (2022–present)


Past and present internationals

The players below had senior international cap(s) for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed, represented their countries before or after playing for Mohammedan SC.


Asia


Africa


North America


Honours


International

*Du Mont Morency Cup **Winners (1): 1939 *
Aga Khan Gold Cup The Aga Khan Gold Cup was a tournament played in Dhaka, Bangladesh which invited the top club sides from leading football playing nations of Asia to compete. Many renowned football pundits regard this competition as a predecessor of AFC Champio ...
**Winners (1): 1960 * Nehru Centenary Club Cup **Semi-finals (1): 1990


Domestic

League *
I-League The I-League (known as Hero I-League for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp) is the second-tier men's professional football competition of the Indian football league system. It is currently contested by 12 clubs across the country with the wi ...
**Runners-up (1): 2021–22 * NFL 2nd Division **Champions (1): 2004–05 **Runners-up (1): 2002–03 *
I-League 2nd Division I-League 2, previously known as I-League 2nd Division and officially known as or Hero I-League 2 (for sponsorship ties with Hero MotoCorp), is an Indian men's professional football league. It is the 3rd tier of Indian football, behind Indian ...
**Champions (1):
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
**Runners-up (2): 2008,
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fa ...
*
Calcutta Football League The Calcutta Football League (CFL) is a ladder-based football competition in the Indian state of West Bengal, organised by Indian Football Association (WB), under state football leagues in India. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league is offi ...
**Champions (13): 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1940, 1941, 1948, 1957, 1967, 1981,
2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
,
2022 File:2022 collage V1.png, Clockwise, from top left: Road junction at Yamato-Saidaiji Station several hours after the assassination of Shinzo Abe; Anti-government protest in Sri Lanka in front of the Presidential Secretariat; The global monkeypo ...
**Runners-up (9): 1942, 1944, 1949, 1960, 1971, 1992, 2002, 2008, 2016–17 Cup * Federation Cup **Winners (2): 1983–84, 1984–85 **Runners-up (3): 1981–82, 1989–90, 2003 *I-League Qualifiers **Champions (1): 2019–20 *
Durand Cup The Durand Football Tournament, commonly known as Durand Cup, is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and All India Football Federation ...
**Champions (2): 1940, 2013 **Runners-up (4): 1959, 1980, 1992,
2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
*
IFA Shield The IFA Shield is an annual football competition organized by the Indian Football Association. The IFA is the governing body of football in the state of West Bengal, came into existence in 1893. Named after the association, the IFA Shield to ...
**Champions (6): 1936, 1941, 1942, 1957, 1971,
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wa ...
**Runners-up (4): 1938, 1963, 1982, 1990 *
Rovers Cup The Rovers Cup was an annual football tournament held in India, organized by the Western India Football Association. It was the second oldest tournament in India after Durand Cup. History Rovers Cup was incorporated by some British football ent ...
**Champions (6): 1940, 1956, 1959, 1980, 1984, 1987 **Runners-up (8): 1941, 1955, 1957, 1958, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1991 * Sait Nagjee Trophy **Champions (4): 1971, 1984, 1991, 1992 **Runners-up (2): 1979, 1988 *Coochbehar Cup **Champions (5): 1902, 1906, 1909, 1947, 1952 *
Bordoloi Trophy The Bordoloi Trophy, also known as the Bharat Ratna Lokopriya Gopinath Bordoloi Trophy, is a premier annual Indian football tournament held in Guwahati and organized by Guwahati Sports Association (GSA). The tournament was first started in 1952 ...
**Champions (6): 1969, 1970, 1985, 1986, 1991, 2018 **Runners-up (5): 1965, 1966, 1971, 1977, 1983 *
DCM Trophy The Delhi Cloth Mills Trophy, known simply as D.C.M. Trophy, was an invitational football tournament in India. It was held annually in New Delhi and was organised by the local Delhi Football Association. It was India's first football tourname ...
**Champions (4): 1958, 1961, 1964, 1980 **Runners-up (3): 1960, 1982, 1983 *
All Airlines Gold Cup The All Airlines Gold Cup was a domestic football tournament organised by the Indian Football Association. It was launched in 1986 and Mohammedan Sporting Club won the inaugural edition beating Mohun Bagan A.C. 3-2.Independence Day Cup The Independence Day Cup is an Indian football tournament held in Nagaon, Assam, organised by Nowgong Sports Association annually. It is the oldest and one of the most reputed football tournaments in Assam first started in 1947, days after the ...
**Champions (5): 1969, 1971, 1972, 1988, 2007 **Runners-up (1): 2018 * Sikkim Governor's Gold Cup **Champions (3): 1980, 2016, 2019 **Runners-up (4): 1986, 1987, 1989, 1991 *
Kalinga Cup Kalinga Cup (also known as All India Kalinga Cup) is an Indian association football tournament held in Odisha and organised by Football Association of Odisha and Department of Sports and Youth of Government of Odisha annually. The tournament ...
**Champions (3): 1964, 1991, 2012 *
Darjeeling Gold Cup All India Darjeeling Gold Cup, also known as All India Brigade of Gorkha's Gold Cup Football Tournament, or simply GTA Chairman's Gold Cup, is an Indian association football tournament held in Darjeeling and organized by the Indian Darjeeling G ...
**Champions (1): 1984 **Runners-up (1): 2018 *
Bodoland Martyrs Gold Cup Bodoland Martyrs Gold Cup is a football league cup in the Bodoland Territorial Region, Assam, India, organised by Kokrajhar District Sports Association (KDSA) in memory of Bodoland martyrs, who sacrificed their lives for the cause of Bodolan ...
**Champions (2): 2004, 2018 *Nizam Gold Cup **Champions (1): 1983 *Vizag Trophy **Champions (1): 1986 *Kohima Royal Gold Cup **Runners-up (1): 1996 *Amta Sanghati Gold Cup **Runners-up (1): 2015


Awards

*
Banga Bibhushan Banga Bibhushan Samman ( bn, বঙ্গবিভূষণ) is a title instituted by the West Bengal government to honour the services of personalities in various fields. The Banga Ratna Samman and the Banga Bhushan Samman ("Bengal ornament" ব� ...
: 2022


Club records and influence


Influence

The name of Bangladeshi club based in
Dhaka Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), List of renamed places in Bangladesh, formerly known as Dacca, is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest ...
Mohammedan Sporting Club — is derived from Mohammedan Sporting Club of Kolkata. Members of the Nawab family of Dhaka established Muslim Sports Club as a local club for the youth. A few years later, the family renamed the club as ''Mohammedan Sporting Club'', after its more renowned predecessor Mohammedan SC of Kolkata.


Overall records

*First Indian team to win the
Calcutta Football League The Calcutta Football League (CFL) is a ladder-based football competition in the Indian state of West Bengal, organised by Indian Football Association (WB), under state football leagues in India. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league is offi ...
in the pre-independence era in 1934, and repeated the feat of becoming again the first Indian side to win the same in the post-independence era in 1948. *First Indian team to win the Calcutta Football League five years in-a-row from 1934 to 1938. *Only Indian team to win the Calcutta League in the very first year of its promotion in 1934. *First Indian team to win the
Durand Cup The Durand Football Tournament, commonly known as Durand Cup, is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and All India Football Federation ...
by beating Royal Warwickshire Regiment 2–1 (7 December 1940). *First Indian team to win the Rover's Cup in 1940, without conceding a goal. *First Indian team to score 100 goals in one year, when they scored 110 goals in all competitions held in 1941. *They are the first Indian team to win a trophy overseas when they won the
Aga Khan Gold Cup The Aga Khan Gold Cup was a tournament played in Dhaka, Bangladesh which invited the top club sides from leading football playing nations of Asia to compete. Many renowned football pundits regard this competition as a predecessor of AFC Champio ...
in
Dhaka Dhaka ( or ; bn, ঢাকা, Ḍhākā, ), List of renamed places in Bangladesh, formerly known as Dacca, is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city of Bangladesh, as well as the world's largest ...
,
Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mo ...
, in 1960, beating Indonesian side
PSM Makassar Persatuan Sepakbola Makassar ( 'Football Association of Makassar'; abbreviated as PSM) is an Indonesian professional football club based in Makassar, South Sulawesi that competes in Liga 1. PSM was founded in 1915 as , making it the oldest ...
4–1 in final. *Only Indian club to reach the semi-final of Nehru Centenary Club Cup in 1990, the only international club championship held in the country. *Before the
partition of India The Partition of British India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in South Asia and the creation of two independent dominions: India and Pakistan. T ...
, Taj Mohammed was the first Pakistani player to sign with Mohammedan as a foreign recruit, and after Partition,
Masood Fakhri Masood Fakhri ( pa, ; 1932 – 6 September 2016) was a Pakistani professional footballer who played as a forward. A former Pakistani international, Fakhri was well known for his time with Indian Kolkata clubs East Bengal and Mohammedan. He a ...
became the first Pakistani international to sign with the club. *
Kaiser Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana Field Marshal Sir Kaiser Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana, GBE (8 January 1892 – 7 June 1964) was a field marshal in the Royal Nepalese Army. He was the third son of Maharaja Sir Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCVO the fifth P ...
, the Prince of
Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...
was the first
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
player to don club colours in 1943. *
Majid Bishkar Majid Beshkar ( fa, مجید بیشکار; born ) is a retired Iranian professional footballer. He is best known for his contributions towards the Indian football clubs SC East Bengal and Mohammedan SC, both based in the city of Kolkata, West B ...
was the club's first foreigner who played at the
FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the ' ( FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has ...
(represented
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
at the
1978 FIFA World Cup The 1978 FIFA World Cup was the 11th edition of the FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football world championship tournament among the men's senior national teams. It was held in Argentina between 1 and 25 June. The Cup was won by ...
). *The first foreign coach of Mohammedan was Chibuzor Nwakanma from
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
, who had also played for the club previously. *Former
Indian cricket team The India men's national cricket team, also known as Team India or the Men in Blue, represents India in men's international cricket. It is governed by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), and is a Full Member of the International ...
captain
Sourav Ganguly Sourav Chandidas Ganguly (; natively spelled as Gangopadhyay; born 8 July 1972), affectionately known as Dada (meaning ''"elder brother"'' in Bengali), is an Indian cricket administrator, commentator and former national cricket team captain w ...
is club's first brand ambassador.


Notable wins against foreign teams


Club award

''Shaan-e-Mohammedan'' () is the lifetime achievement award presented by the club annually since 2015, to respect and laud footballing personalities for their indispensable contribution to the club during their career. The award is usually presented either on the foundation day of the club or on the occasion of
Iftar Iftar ( ar, translit=Iftar Ramadan, إفطار رمضان), also known as (from , , 'breakfast'), (), is the evening meal with which Muslims end their daily Ramadan fast at sunset. They break their fast at the time of the call to prayer ...
when the club organises ''Dawat-e-Iftar'' () for the current and former players and coaches along with other distinct personalities.


Other departments


Cricket

The
cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by st ...
section of Mohammedan Sporting is situated at the Tent Maidan, and they practice at both
Kolkata Maidan The Maidan (; bn, ময়দান), also referred to as the Brigade Parade Ground, is a large public park and urban green space in the center of Kolkata, India. With a total area of , it is the largest urban park in the world. It is a va ...
fields and
Mohammedan Sporting Ground Mohammedan Sporting Ground, also known as Mohammedan Sporting–Howrah Union Ground, is a multi-use stadium in Kolkata, India. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is mainly the home stadium of Mohammedan Sporting. The ground ...
. The men's cricket team primarily competes in the
Cricket Association of Bengal Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) is the governing body for cricket in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its headquarters are located in the Eden Gardens stadium, Kolkata. It is a full member of Board of Control for Cricket in India. It gov ...
(CAB) First Division tournament and also participate in JC Mukherjee T-20 Trophy, A. N. Ghosh Memorial Trophy, CAB One Day League and P. Sen Trophy. The women's cricket team of Mohammedan participates in the CAB run Bengal Women's T20 League. On 24 February 2022, they emerged champions in the league, defeating Rajasthan Club at Kalyani Stadium.


Futsal

Mohammedan SC participates in
Futsal Club Championship The Futsal Club Championship, also referred as Hero Futsal Club Championship for sponsorship ties, is the highest level futsal club competition in India, organised by the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The inaugural edition kicked off o ...
, highest level of club
futsal Futsal is a football-based game played on a hard court smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors. It has similarities to five-a-side football and indoor football. Futsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is ...
competition in
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...
. It is currently the only club from
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fou ...
to participate in the competition.


Athletics

The club has an athletics divisions for numerous track and field sports and the athletes represent the club in the annual athletics meet hosted all across the state, including the ones hosted by the neighbouring sports club like Mohun Bagan and East Bengal.


Hockey

Club's hockey team was affiliated with Bengal Hockey Association and is currently defunct. Since the
British rule in India The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was hims ...
, the club participated in prestigious tournaments like
Beighton Cup Beighton Cup is a field hockey tournament organized by Hockey Bengal (formerly the Bengal Hockey Association). Instituted in 1895, it is one of the oldest field hockey tournaments in the world and is held every year at Kolkata. History Aristocr ...
and
Calcutta Hockey League Calcutta Hockey League is a field hockey league organized by Hockey Bengal (formerly the Bengal Hockey Association). The first edition was held in 1905. It is a division based league held at Kolkata and is the oldest field hockey league in India ...
. Mohammedan won the 1945 and 1959 editions of Calcutta Hockey League. They also achieved runner-up position in Beighton Cup thrice in 1945, 1957 and 1981.


See also

*
Football in Kolkata Football is one of the most popular sports in Kolkata, West Bengal. East Bengal, ATK Mohun Bagan and Mohammedan are the heart of Kolkata football. The rivalry between Mohun Bagan and East Bengal is one of the fiercest in the world and is consid ...
*
List of football clubs in India There are roughly 50 thousand football clubs and academies operating in India. This is a list of professional football clubs located in India, with leagues and states they play in. This is the list of AIFF approved clubs under every state foot ...
*
List of football clubs in Kolkata This is a list of football clubs in Kolkata. Kolkata is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly river, it is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational centre of East India. Kolkata differ ...
*
History of Indian football The history of football in India is a long and detailed one, as it was the national sport at one time. The impetus for this was to unify the Indian Army. There is evidence for refereed between a team of football games being played in the Indian ...


Footnotes


References


Further reading

* * * *Dutta, P. L., ''Memoir of "Father of Indian Football" Nagendraprasad Sarbadhikary'' (
Calcutta Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commer ...
: N. P. Sarbadhikary Memorial Committee, 1944) (hereafter Memoir) * *Roselli, John. ''Self Image of Effeteness: Physical Education and Nationalism in Nineteenth Century Bengal''.
Past & Present (journal) ''Past & Present'' is a British historical academic journal, which has been a leading force in the development of social history. Founded in 1952, the journal is published four times a year by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Past and Pre ...
. 86 (February 1980). p. 121–48. *Sinha, Mrinalini. ''Colonial Masculinity, The Manly Englishman and the Effeminate Bengali in the Late Nineteenth Century'' (
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The ...
:
Manchester University Press Manchester University Press is the university press of the University of Manchester, England and a publisher of academic books and journals. Manchester University Press has developed into an international publisher. It maintains its links with t ...
, 1995). * Chatterjee, Partha. ''The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Post-colonial Histories'' (Calcutta:
Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print book ...
, 1995). *Das, ''Communal Riots in Bengal'', p. 170; '' Amrita Bazar Patrika'', 8 July 1946, 4; File-5/27/46 Poll (I), the IB Daily Summary Information of 8 July 1946. *Ispahani, ''Qaid-E-Azam Jinnah'', p. 4; McPherson, ''Muslim Microcosm'', p. 121. *Mason, ''Football on the Maidan'', p. 144; Dimeo, ''Football and Politics in Bengal'', p. 62. * Shahabuddin, K. S. (2012). Chapter 7. ''Summer Holidays and Football in Calcutta''
archived; 23 September 2013
. * * * * * * * * *


External links


Mohammedan SC
at Soccerway
archived
* * *
Mohammedan SC
on
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Mohammedan SC news archive
at ''
Anandabazar Patrika '' Anandabazar Patrika'' (Bengali: আনন্দবাজার পত্রিকা, ) is an Indian Bengali-language daily newspaper owned by the ABP Group. According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, it has a circulation of 1 million c ...
''
Mohammedan SC
at
ESPN ESPN (originally an initialism for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network) is an American international basic cable sports channel owned by ESPN Inc., owned jointly by The Walt Disney Company (80%) and Hearst Communications (20%). The ...

Mohammedan SC
at
Indian Football Association The Indian Football Association, abbreviated as IFA, is the organisation that administers association football in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the oldest Football Association in India and was founded in 1893. Among the founders was form ...
(archived) {{West Bengal Sports Football clubs in Kolkata 1891 establishments in India Association football clubs established in 1891 I-League clubs I-League 2nd Division clubs Sports clubs in India Multi-sport clubs in India