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is a fictional character from the
Gainax Gainax Co., Ltd. (stylized as GAINAX; ja, 株式会社ガイナックス, Hepburn: ) is a Japanese anime studio famous for productions such as ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', '' Royal Space Force'', ''Gunbuster'', '' Nadia: The Secret of Blue Wate ...
-created media franchise ''Neon Genesis Evangelion''. In the eponymous anime television series, Misato is head of the operations department of the special agency Nerv, and is in charge of directing and devising war strategies needed to defeat mysterious beings named
Angels In various theistic religious traditions an angel is a supernatural spiritual being who serves God. Abrahamic religions often depict angels as benevolent celestial intermediaries between God (or Heaven) and humanity. Other roles in ...
. Due to childhood emotional traumas, she developed a frivolous, exuberant character and a disordered lifestyle. The character also appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media, including
video games Video games, also known as computer games, are electronic games that involves interaction with a user interface or input device such as a joystick, controller, keyboard, or motion sensing device to generate visual feedback. This feedbac ...
, the
original net animation An original net animation (ONA), known in Japan as , is an anime that is directly released onto the Internet. ONAs may also have been aired on television if they were first directly released on the Internet. The name mirrors original video animati ...
'' Petit Eva: Evangelion@School'', the ''
Rebuild of Evangelion ''Rebuild of Evangelion'', known in Japan and on Amazon Prime Video as , is a Japanese animated film series and a retelling of the original ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' anime television series, produced by Studio Khara. Hideaki Anno served a ...
'' films, and the
manga Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is used ...
adaptation by
Yoshiyuki Sadamoto is a Japanese character designer, manga artist, and one of the founding members of the Gainax anime studio. Personal life Before Gainax was founded under the official name (it was originally called Daicon Film), Yoshiyuki served as animator o ...
. For the creation of the character, ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' director
Hideaki Anno is a Japanese animator, filmmaker and actor. He is best known for creating the anime series ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' (1995)''.'' His style is defined by his postmodernist approach and the extensive portrayal of characters' thoughts and emoti ...
took inspiration from his personality. Misato is also inspired by several real-life figures and other anime characters, including Usagi Tsukino from '' Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon''. Critics have drawn parallels between Misato's characterization and concepts of philosophers and psychologists such as
Carl Gustav Jung Carl Gustav Jung ( ; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philo ...
,
Arthur Schopenhauer Arthur Schopenhauer ( , ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is best known for his 1818 work ''The World as Will and Representation'' (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the prod ...
, and
Friedrich Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, philologist, and composer whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy. He began his ca ...
; Misato's feelings for her father have been linked to Jung's
Electra complex In neo-Freudian psychology, the Electra complex, as proposed by Carl Jung in his ''Theory of Psychoanalysis'', is a girl's psychosexual competition with her mother for possession of her father. In the course of her psychosexual development, the ...
, her personal philosophy to Schopenhauer's hedgehog dilemma, and her psychology to the Dionysian spirit postulated by Nietzsche. Misato has been widely popular with audiences and has appeared at the top of popularity polls. Some critics have contrasted her histrionic personality and sexual overtones with her 14-year-old subordinate and ''Evangelion'' protagonist
Shinji Ikari is a character (arts), fictional character in the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise), Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise created by Gainax. He is the franchise's poster boy and protagonist. In the Neon Genesis Evangelion, anime series of the ...
; others have appreciated her spontaneity, tenacity, and endearment. She has also inspired merchandise and other subsequent anime characters.


Conception

The franchise's creator
Hideaki Anno is a Japanese animator, filmmaker and actor. He is best known for creating the anime series ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' (1995)''.'' His style is defined by his postmodernist approach and the extensive portrayal of characters' thoughts and emoti ...
initially proposed to include a female protagonist in ''
Neon Genesis Evangelion , also known simply as ''Evangelion'' or ''Eva'', is a Japanese Mecha anime and manga, mecha anime television series produced by Gainax and animated by Tatsunoko Production, Tatsunoko, directed by Hideaki Anno and broadcast on TV Tokyo fr ...
'', a young woman similar to
Asuka Langley Soryu is a fictional character from the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise created by Gainax. She first appears in the original anime series, and also appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media, including video games, t ...
accompanied by a female soldier in a "big sister" role similar to Kōichirō Ōta's character from Anno's previous work ''
GunBuster ''Gunbuster'', known in Japan as , is a Japanese OVA anime series produced by Bandai, Victor, and Gainax and released from 1988 to 1989. It was the directorial debut of Hideaki Anno, best known as the creator and director of ''Neon Gene ...
''. At the request of
Yoshiyuki Sadamoto is a Japanese character designer, manga artist, and one of the founding members of the Gainax anime studio. Personal life Before Gainax was founded under the official name (it was originally called Daicon Film), Yoshiyuki served as animator o ...
, the series' character designer, the initial scenario was changed and
Shinji Ikari is a character (arts), fictional character in the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise), Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise created by Gainax. He is the franchise's poster boy and protagonist. In the Neon Genesis Evangelion, anime series of the ...
, a male character, became the protagonist; ideas for the "older sister" character went into what would become Misato. As with other ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' characters, the character's name was inspired by a
Japanese Imperial Navy The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: Shinjitai: ' 'Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire', or ''Nippon Kaigun'', 'Japanese Navy') was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's surrender ...
ship, the aircraft carrier ''Katsuragi'', and Misato Izumi, a female character from Minako Narita's
manga Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is used ...
''Aitsu''. To outline her personality, Anno took inspiration from Usagi Tsukino, the 14-year-old protagonist of the series '' Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon'', thinking of Misato as an adult version of Usagi. Sadamoto also drew Misato taking his cue from Usagi's character design and picking up her hair. The characters' aesthetic similarities were emphasized by the choice of
Kotono Mitsuishi is a Japanese voice actress, actress, singer, and narrator. She was affiliated with Arts Vision and Lasley Arrow, but is now freelance. Mitsuishi lived in Nagareyama, Chiba. She graduated from high school and entered the Katsuta Voice Actor's ...
, the original performer of Usagi, as Misato's voice actress. For her facial features, the staff took inspiration from Fujiko Mine from the anime ''
Lupin III , also written as ''Lupin the Third'', ''Lupin the 3rd'', or ''Lupin the IIIrd'', is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Monkey Punch. It follows the endeavors of master thief Arsène Lupin III, the grandson of Ars� ...
'' and Japanese writer
Aya Sugimoto is a Japanese TV personality, actress, dancer, author, gravure idol and singer born in Kyoto. She also had a J-pop career in the late 1980s to the early 1990s. Career Early life Aya Sugimoto grew up in Kyoto under a "strict" upbringing, making ...
. Sadamoto tried to give Misato a "
girl next door The girl next door is a young female stock character who is often used in romantic stories. She is so named because she often lives next door to the protagonist or is a childhood friend. They start out with a mutual friendship that later often ...
" role; she was originally thought of as a fashion-conscious woman who constantly changes her clothing and apparently unsuited to military life; she was also conceived as emotional, stubborn and frivolous, and able, if forced by events, to sleep with all of the men at Nerv.Interview with Yoshiyuki Sadamoto in The artist, inspired by the clothes worn by racers, decided to portray her with motorcyclist dresses. As a motoring enthusiast, he also poured his passion into the character, depicting her as an admirer of sports cars. It was his idea to equip her with a modified Renault Alpine A310, which Ikuto Yamashita designed, as a nod to the first episode of ''Lupin III'', in which a Renault
Alpine A110 The Alpine A110 is a sports car produced by French automobile manufacturer Alpine from 1963 to 1977. The car was styled as a " berlinette", which in the post-WWII era refers to a small enclosed two-door berline, better-known as a coupé. Th ...
appears. In the seventh episode, it was decided to have Misato drive a red
Ferrari 328 GTS Ferrari S.p.A. (; ) is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988) in 1939 from the Alfa Romeo racing division as ''Auto Avio Costruzioni'', the company built its first car in ...
, and a
Mazda Cosmo The is an automobile which was produced by Mazda from 1967 until 1995. Throughout its history, the Cosmo served as a "halo" vehicle for Mazda, with the first Cosmo successfully launching the Mazda Wankel engine. The final generation of Cosmo ser ...
Sport 110 in the ''Rebuild of Evangelion'' series. During the production of the series, Anno read romance novels written by women so he could better understand their feelings and make Misato's characterization more realistic. He also relied on his personality, as well as with all characters in the series. The staff also relied on Anno to create the room and the character's handwriting. Anno himself stated during the production of the series: "I don't know what will happen to Shinji, Misato or Rei. I don't know where life will take them. Because I don't know where life is taking the staff of the production." Several character-centered fanservice scenes were added in the early episodes, particularly exploiting the "Gainax bounce", a jerking of the female characters' breasts which had been used in '' Daicon IV'' and other previous Gainax works. At the end of almost all post-credit previews of the episodes, the authors also inserted Misato's voice shouting "Service, service!" or equivalent expressions, promising more fanservice to the ''
otaku is a Japanese word that describes people with consuming interests, particularly in anime, manga, video games, or computers. Its contemporary use originated with a 1983 essay by Akio Nakamori in ''Manga Burikko''. may be used as a pejorativ ...
'' audience. This was removed from the second half of the series, which has more-adult and violent content than the first half. In the same episodes, Anno included some sex scenes, breaking a taboo in Japanese television, although ''Evangelion'' was broadcast on
TV Tokyo JOTX-DTV (channel 7), branded as and known colloquially as , is a television station headquartered in the Sumitomo Fudosan Roppongi Grand Tower in Roppongi, Minato, Tokyo, Japan, owned and operated by the subsidiary of listed certified ...
in a protected time-slot, with the idea of wanting to show the audience, and more particularly children, that sex and violence are an integral part of human life. In the twentieth episode, he introduced an implied sequence with a long off-screen shot of Misato uttering verses of pleasure and arguing while having sex with her lover, Ryōji Kaji. The character's words were left up to Mitsuishi's sensibilities; the script had only Anno's direction that read, "Mitsuishi, I look forward to working with you". For the series finale, he decided instead to have Misato die in an armed confrontation and inserted a scene in which her bloody corpse is glimpsed for a few seconds; due to time constraints, the main plot of the series was abandoned and the episode script was quickly rewritten. The corpse scene was revived in 1997 for the film '' Neon Genesis Evangelion: The End of Evangelion'', a remake of the classic series finale. Anno, while facing criticism, defended himself by saying:


Voice actors

In Japanese dubbing, Misato is played by Japanese voice actress
Kotono Mitsuishi is a Japanese voice actress, actress, singer, and narrator. She was affiliated with Arts Vision and Lasley Arrow, but is now freelance. Mitsuishi lived in Nagareyama, Chiba. She graduated from high school and entered the Katsuta Voice Actor's ...
. Like other ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' voice actors, Hideaki Anno chose Mitsuishi because of her Misato-like personality during a dinner. To draw parallels between them, the writers decided to match the birthdays and
blood types Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the cir ...
of the character and her voice actress. Mitsuishi found the role both pleasing and difficult, because Misato cannot easily talk about her feelings. According to Mitsuishi, "During scenes where her feelings exploded or she poured out her heart, I also became a bit over-emotional ... My hands shook and it took all my might to keep the script I was holding from rustling and making noise". She cried while reading the script of the penultimate episode. For the character's last scene in ''The End of Evangelion'', in which Misato says goodbye to Shinji by leading him into an elevator, Mitsuishi received approval as early as the first cut. Mitsuishi reprised the role for the video game '' Neon Genesis Evangelion: Girlfriend of Steel 2nd'' and the film tetralogy ''
Rebuild of Evangelion ''Rebuild of Evangelion'', known in Japan and on Amazon Prime Video as , is a Japanese animated film series and a retelling of the original ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' anime television series, produced by Studio Khara. Hideaki Anno served a ...
'', produced ten years after the conclusion of the classic series. During the recording of the first chapter '' Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone'' (2007), Mitsuishi was asked to strain her voice to sound younger due to the time elapsed between the works. For the third chapter in the saga '' Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo'' (2012), which is set fourteen years after the first, Hideaki Anno asked her to act naturally and to be as cold as possible. Working on ''You Can (Not) Redo'', Mitsuishi asked the production what had happened to Misato but no-one gave her an explanation; she assumed something terrible had happened to the character and read her own lines as though everything was Shinji's fault. In the concluding chapter of the saga '' Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time'' (2021), Anno used theatrical techniques to ensure even in Misato's case the camera did not point at her face in particularly heavy scenes so Mituishi's interpretation would not be affected by her lip-reading. As Mitsuishi prepared for the character's last scene, she cried so much at the sight of the script she could not continue. In the English adaptation of the series and ''Rebuild of Evangelion'' she is voiced by Allison Keith, while for the international
Netflix Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a ...
release of the series she is dubbed by
Carrie Keranen Carrie Keranen is an American voice actress, production manager, producer and voice director. She is best known for her work with 4Kids Entertainment, Bang Zoom! Entertainment, DuArt Film and Video, NYAV Post, Studiopolis and Funimation. He ...
.


Appearances


''Neon Genesis Evangelion''

At the beginning of the anime, Misato is the Captain of the Tactical Operations Department of the special agency Nerv. Under her command, most of the important decisions in the battles between the
mecha In science fiction, or mechs are giant robots or machines controlled by people, typically depicted as humanoid walking vehicles. The term was first used in Japanese after shortening the English loanword or , but the meaning in Japanese is m ...
s Evangelions against enemies known as
Angels In various theistic religious traditions an angel is a supernatural spiritual being who serves God. Abrahamic religions often depict angels as benevolent celestial intermediaries between God (or Heaven) and humanity. Other roles in ...
are made, and she takes responsibility for the outcomes. Her past is explored in the twelfth and twenty-first episodes of the series. At the age of thirteen, Misato followed her father Dr. Katsuragi on a scientific research expedition to the
South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole, Terrestrial South Pole or 90th Parallel South, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipod ...
. On September 13, 2000, a natural disaster known as Second Impact occurs in Antarctica; all members of the expedition, including Dr. Katsuragi, die in the accident. Misato, the only survivor, is rescued by her parent in an escape pod. Shortly before his death, her father gives her a pendant in the shape of a
Greek cross The Christian cross, with or without a figure of Christ included, is the main religious symbol of Christianity. A cross with a figure of Christ affixed to it is termed a ''crucifix'' and the figure is often referred to as the ''corpus'' ( ...
. The event causes Misato an emotional trauma, which causes her to fall into a state of psychogenic
aphasia Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in th ...
. To prevent an information leak on the Second Impact, she is detained in a research ship for at least two years. Five years after the catastrophe, Misato heals and enrolls in the university in the city Tokyo-2, where she meets the student Ritsuko Akagi. In the same period, she meets Ryoji Kaji, with whom she forms a romantic relationship that lasts two years. In 2009, after finishing her university studies, Misato joins the German division of a research center called Gehirn and meets
Asuka Langley Soryu is a fictional character from the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise created by Gainax. She first appears in the original anime series, and also appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media, including video games, t ...
, a pilot assigned to command the Eva-02. She is later transferred to the Nerv special agency and returns to Japan, where she is promoted to the rank of captain. In 2015, she picks up
Shinji Ikari is a character (arts), fictional character in the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion (franchise), Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise created by Gainax. He is the franchise's poster boy and protagonist. In the Neon Genesis Evangelion, anime series of the ...
, a pilot assigned to command the Eva-01, escorting him to the Nerv headquarters in the city Tokyo-3 in the first episode, "
Angel Attack is the first episode of the anime series ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', created by Gainax. The episode was written by the series director Hideaki Anno and directed by Kazuya Tsurumaki. It was originally aired on TV Tokyo on October 4, 1995. The ser ...
". After a short time, the woman becomes his legal guardian, hosting him in her apartment with her pet penguin Pen-Pen. During a trip on the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
naval fleet, Misato meets Kaji and Asuka again. Shortly after, she takes Asuka in custody, and thanks to her contribution other Angels are destroyed. Meanwhile, Misato encounters Kaji at work and tries to avoid him with a contradictory attitude, but they eventually become closer with time and form a romantic relationship again. After other war operations and the destruction of more enemies, Misato is promoted from Captain to Major. As events progress, however, Misato becomes suspicious of Ryoji, whom she discovers is a spy for the Japanese government. Misato discovers a giant anthropomorphic being, which Kaji identifies as the first Angel, Adam, which is responsible for the Second Impact, is being kept in the Nerv headquarters. Misato, shaken by the discovery, begins to doubt the real intentions of the Nerv and those of her friend Ritsuko Akagi, director of the technical department of the organization. Sometime later, Kaji dies, and Misato begins to persistently search for the truth about Second Impact and a plan known as the Human Instrumentality Project. With the help of her subordinate Makoto Hyuga, she gathers secret information about the intentions of the Human Instrumentality Project. In the movie ''The End of Evangelion'', the day she discovers the truth a secret organization called Seele orders the requisitioning of the Nerv headquarters, which is stormed by troops of the Japanese Strategic Self-Defense Forces. During the attack, Misato tries to get Shinji to safety and persuade him to go to the battlefield but she is mortally wounded and dies before the start of the Human Instrumentality.


''Rebuild of Evangelion''

Further differences in the story and characterization of Misato appear in the ''
Rebuild of Evangelion ''Rebuild of Evangelion'', known in Japan and on Amazon Prime Video as , is a Japanese animated film series and a retelling of the original ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' anime television series, produced by Studio Khara. Hideaki Anno served a ...
'' film tetralogy. During production, Anno wanted to assign her the role of co-protagonist of the ''Rebuild'' alongside Shinji, changing her personality. The feature film '' Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone'' (2007) almost exactly follows the first six episodes of ''Neon Genesis Evangelion''; Misato, as in the fourth episode of the classic series "
Hedgehog's Dilemma The hedgehog's dilemma, or sometimes the porcupine dilemma, is a metaphor about the challenges of human intimacy. It describes a situation in which a group of hedgehogs seek to move close to one another to share heat during cold weather. They mu ...
", after the battle against the Angel Shamshel, scolds Shinji during a private conversation but when she leaves Shinji she slaps herself. In ''Rebuild'', Misato is aware of the presence of the second Angel
Lilith Lilith ( ; he, לִילִית, Līlīṯ) is a female figure in Mesopotamian and Judaic mythology, alternatively the first wife of Adam and supposedly the primordial she-demon. Lilith is cited as having been "banished" from the Garden of E ...
in the Nerv headquarters, and reveals its existence to Shinji just before the battle against
Ramiel Ramiel ( arc, רַעַמְאֵל, he, רַעַמְאֵל ''Raʿamʾēl''; gr, ‘Ραμιήλ), not to be confused with the holy angel "Remiel", is a fallen Watcher (angel) while the other is an Archangel in the apocryphal Book of Enoch. Rami ...
. Before Operation Yashima, Shinji asks Misato why he was chosen as a pilot. Misato, holding his hand, replies that there is no particular reason and that gives him a valid reason to continue piloting and fighting for the salvation of mankind. In the second installment of the saga, '' Evangelion: 2.0 You Can (Not) Advance'' (2009), Misato appears less cautious and less reserved than in the original version; during the feature film, she pushes Shinji to get closer to his father Gendo and begins to emotionally talk with Asuka. At the end of the movie, during the battle against the tenth Angel, Misato encourages Shinji to save
Rei Ayanami is a fictional character from the anime ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', created by Gainax. She is the First Child and pilot of a giant mecha named Evangelion Unit 00. At the beginning of the series, Rei is an enigmatic figure whose unusual beha ...
for danger, even though she is aware of the risks. In '' Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo'' (2012), set fourteen years after the previous one, Misato plays the role of head of an organization named Wille, which was created to destroy the Nerv, as well as captain of a flying ship called ''AAA Wunder''. She maintains a cold attitude towards Shinji to keep him from getting close to his father again and from piloting an Evangelion unit. In the final feature film of the saga, '' Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time'' (2021), Misato travels with the crew of ''AAA Wunder'' to Antarctica, the epicenter of the Second Impact, to attempt to neutralize a unit called Eva-13. Here, Shinji asks Misato to pilot the Eva-01 to stop the antagonist, Commander Ikari; a member of the Wille Sakura Suzuhara tries to shoot Shinji but Misato covers him. Misato reconciles with her subordinate, and remains alone on board ''AAA Wunder'', sacrificing herself to stop Gendo's plans. In the course of the story, it is also revealed her partner Kaji died to stop the Third Impact and in the interval between ''2.0'' and ''3.0'', she gave birth to their son, also named Kaji, who grows up without knowing his mother by her own will.


Other media

In a scene in the last episode of the animated series, a parallel universe with a different backstory than all previous episodes is presented; in the alternative reality, Misato is a teacher of Asuka's and Shinji's class. Second Impact did not occur so she also does not appear to have undergone a childhood trauma or been to the South Pole. A similar version is presented in some spin-offs of ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', such as '' Neon Genesis Evangelion: Angelic Days'' and '' Neon Genesis Evangelion: Shinji Ikari Raising Project'', which are set in the alternative reality of the last episode; '' Neon Genesis Evangelion: Campus Apocalypse'' and the ONA '' Petit Eva: Evangelion@School'', a parody of the original animated series. In ''Petit Eva'', Misato teaches Japanese literature and lives alone rather than being Shinji's roommate. In addition to video games based on the original animated series, Misato is also used in media outside the ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' franchise, such as the video games '' Monster Strike'', ''
Super Robot Wars ''Super Robot Wars'', known in Japan as is a series of tactical role-playing video games produced by Bandai Namco Entertainment, formerly Banpresto. Starting out as a spinoff of the '' Compati Hero'' series, the main feature of the franchise ...
'', ''
Tales of Zestiria is an action role-playing game. It is the fifteenth main entry in the ''Tales'' series, developed by Bandai Namco Studios and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment. It was released in January 2015 in Japan on the PlayStation 3. For Western re ...
'', '' Puzzle & Dragons'', ''Keri hime sweets'', ''Summons Board'', ''Pazudora'', '' Puyopuyo!! Quest'', '' The Battle Cats'', and in an episode of the anime ''
Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion is a Japanese toy franchise created by Takara Tomy, in association with the Japan Railways Group. It is a spin-off of the long-running Plarail model train franchise, with the toys first launched back at March 16, 2015. An anime adaptation ...
''.


Characterization and themes


Personality and relationships

Misato wears several social masks and has a dual personality; one as a lively, superficial young woman and the other as a resolute, stubborn, professional woman. She presents herself with a cheerful, optimistic, exuberant, and frivolous character. In her private life, Misato is sloppy and untidy; her apartment is always chaotic and disorganized, and is full of beer cans and car magazines. At work, however, she shows seriousness, demonstrating emotional coldness. Her affectionate personality sometimes makes her prioritize human feelings over her duty as a Nerv employee, and her job position arouses internal conflict and leads her to make difficult choices. Despite her open, spontaneous character, Misato hides her true feelings; voice actress Mitsuishi described her as an insecure, lonely woman who tries to hide "the loneliness and darkness deep within her heart". Hideaki Anno wanted to portray Misato as an eternal teenager who, despite childhood traumas and a difficult experience, begins a process of inner analysis through which she builds her own psychologically acceptable reality, in which the fears of the past coexist with everyday life. Moreover, according to Anno himself, Misato's psychology would lead mentally infantile people to identify with her. Misato adopts an older-sister-like attitude to Shinji, trying to deal with his problems in a frank and serene way. When Shinji arrives at Nerv's headquarters, Misato immediately sees his potential as a pilot, a selfish consideration that later causes her a strong sense of guilt. At the beginning of their relationship she tries to show herself as casual and carefree, in an attempt to convey to him a certain maternal attitude and human warmth. This rough attitude initially irritates Shinji. After the initial embarrassment, however, Shinji understands Misato's true motives, as she shows him her helpless, rough side because she trusts him and considers him a member of her family. With time, they become emotionally closer. In the twelfth episode, Misato tells Shinji about the bitter relationship she had with her father and her reasons for joining Nerv, identifying with Shinji and his relationship with his father Gendo. A relationship of mutual esteem grows between Misato and Shinji, and she develops an attachment to him. According to Anno: Misato's relationship with Shinji has been compared to that between a mother and her son; an older sister and a younger brother; an adult and a child; a superior and a subordinate; and between two lovers. According to Kazuya Tsurumaki, assistant director of ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', in early episodes Misato and Shinji talk while maintaining a detached, laconic attitude without looking at each other; Misato speaks to Shinji without entering his room "like they relooking through a slightly opened door, but not connecting". Yūichirō Oguro, co-editor of home video editions of the series, noted how in ''Evangelion'' the characters tend to avoid making eye contact in the early episodes, including Misato and Ritsuko, while in the second episode Shinji and Misato make direct eye contact several times.
Shinji Higuchi is a Japanese filmmaker and storyboard artist. He is one of the most successful Japanese filmmakers and the top ''tokusatsu'' film director. Higuchi became known for his work on '' Gamera: Guardian of the Universe'', for which he won the Specia ...
, a staff member of the series, described Shinji's and Misato's relationship as "a temporary relationship that could fade away at any time". In an interview, Hideaki Anno said he was unsure whether Kaji is the person Misato loves the most; Misato, in his opinion, could not be happy staying with Kaji and "could fall in love with Shinji". In a scene in the twenty-third episode, Misato enters Shinji's bedroom after the death of his classmate Rei Ayanami. Misato tries to touch his hand and comfort him but he shrugs off her touch; according to the filmbooks of the series, she may be about to offer him sex to comfort him and compensate for her loneliness. According to an official pamphlet of ''The End of Evangelion'', Misato is in many ways Shinji's "first woman". In the film ''The End of Evangelion'', Misato and Shinji say goodbye for the last time; Misato kisses Shinji on the lips and gives him her cross-shaped pendant. Oguro noted in the penultimate episode of the series Misato is laying naked and the reasons for her lively, action-oriented behavior are revealed, while in ''The End of Evangelion'' she again becomes the focus of the action but dies in an attempt to save Shinji and with an opposite portrayal to that of the classic series finale. For Oguro, as for Anno, Misato would be accustomed to superficial interpersonal relationships, but according to Oguro in the finale she may have tried for the first time "to get involved with others".


Cultural references and psychoanalysis

Like other characters in ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'', Misato has a difficult past, a complicated relationship with her separated parents, relationship difficulties, and emotional trauma. Her suffering and torments are rooted in her relationship with her father Dr. Katsuragi, who neglected his wife's needs and those of his daughter but sacrificed himself to save Misato's life. The disappearance of her father caused her psychic trauma, leading her to become mute for several years and to act in an unhealthy manner towards other men. While trying not to live in her father's shadow, Misato finds herself following his life path; once she overcomes her
aphasia Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in th ...
, Misato enters the Nerv trying to destroy the Angels, which she accuses of having killed her father, to take her personal revenge and dispel what she calls her father's "curse". Her professionalism and apparent playfulness conceal a troubled personality that is in constant conflict, and even her constant search for relief through erotic gratification magnifies her dissatisfaction with herself. Misato's attitude has been attributed to an
Electra complex In neo-Freudian psychology, the Electra complex, as proposed by Carl Jung in his ''Theory of Psychoanalysis'', is a girl's psychosexual competition with her mother for possession of her father. In the course of her psychosexual development, the ...
, a psychological concept formulated by
Carl Gustav Jung Carl Gustav Jung ( ; ; 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work has been influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philo ...
; she unconsciously looks for her father in the figure of Kaji to fill the void caused by the disappearance of her parent. After being in a relationship for two years, noticing the unconscious motives behind her attitudes and intimidated by the similarity between the two men, she decides to leave Kaji with an excuse. In the twenty-fifth episode, Misato issues a long inner monologue, during which her internal conflicts and repressed memories resurface. During her childhood, she tried to be, in her own words, a "good girl" and to help her mother, who was also neglected by her father, but once she became an adult she felt disgusted at her servile behavior. This led her to want to "get dirty" through her close sexual relationship with Kaji, the only person to whom she seems to genuinely show herself. Although she rejects Human Instrumentality, through which the souls of all human beings would unite into one complete being, she yearns for "peace", seeking refuge in the figure of Kaji. In the third episode of the series, Misato discusses
Arthur Schopenhauer Arthur Schopenhauer ( , ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is best known for his 1818 work ''The World as Will and Representation'' (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the prod ...
's
hedgehog's dilemma The hedgehog's dilemma, or sometimes the porcupine dilemma, is a metaphor about the challenges of human intimacy. It describes a situation in which a group of hedgehogs seek to move close to one another to share heat during cold weather. They mu ...
with her friend Ritsuko Akagi, highlighting her views on human relationships and communication, according to which growing up is a constant attempt to get closer and further away from each other. She and Shinji hurt each other like Schopenhauer's hedgehogs but continue to need each other to avoid suffocating in loneliness. Both characters are gripped by torments, fears and social difficulties. Misato, herself a victim of the dilemma, is unable to openly express her feelings and during the fourth episode she rejects Shinji. In the final sequence of the episode, however, the two characters seem to become closer without hurting each other, overcoming Schopenhauer's dilemma. Anthony Gramuglia of Anime Feminist, analyzing Misato's characterization and lifestyle, made a parallelism with the Japanese
lost generation The Lost Generation was the social generational cohort in the Western world that was in early adulthood during World War I. "Lost" in this context refers to the "disoriented, wandering, directionless" spirit of many of the war's survivors in the ...
and millennials or
Generation Y Millennials, also known as Generation Y or Gen Y, are the Western demographic cohort following Generation X and preceding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 200 ...
, who after the bursting of the
Japanese asset price bubble The was an economic bubble in Japan from 1986 to 1991 in which real estate and stock market prices were greatly inflated. In early 1992, this price bubble burst and Japan's economy stagnated. The bubble was characterized by rapid acceleration of ...
had difficulty finding housing and tend to be underpaid for the amount of work they do. Fifth Wall Renaissance's Alexander Greco compared Misato, with an impulsive and sentimental character, to the right hemisphere of the
brain A brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It is located in the head, usually close to the sensory organs for senses such as vision. It is the most complex organ in ...
and Ritsuko—cold and rational—to the left one. Italian researcher Fabio Bartoli noted the same dichotomy, associating Misato to the
Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, philologist, and composer whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy. He began his ca ...
an Dionysian spirit, to the
sephirah Sefirot (; he, סְפִירוֹת, translit=Səfīrōt, Tiberian: '), meaning '' emanations'', are the 10 attributes/emanations in Kabbalah, through which Ein Sof ( The Infinite) reveals itself and continuously creates both the physical realm a ...
Cochkmah and to the father—her parental figure of reference—and Ritsuko to the Apollonian spirit, to Binah and the mother, to whom she seems to be more attached. According to the book ''Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Unofficial Guide'', Misato's name contains the Japanese word , which can be translated as "
mass Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a physical body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different eleme ...
", a possible reference to her dark clothing and the cross-shaped pendant she wears around her neck. Critics have associated character traits of Shinji and Misato with
borderline personality disorder Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships, distorted sense of self, and strong ...
; Misato is impulsive, sexually promiscuous, and is frightened of being abandoned, much like a person with the mood disorder. Misato is also the focus of some epistemological reflections already present in earlier Gainax works. In the seventh and twelfth episodes, Misato is optimistic about the potential of humans, emphasizing the limits of science and probabilistic predictions. Her philosophical position is summarized in one of her mottoes; "The value of a miracle becomes real only after the miracle has been performed" which, in addition to rejecting a fatalistic and resigned attitude, refers to her personal experience, having been miraculously saved by her father at the South Pole. Equivalent expressions can be found in the sixth episode of ''
Gunbuster ''Gunbuster'', known in Japan as , is a Japanese OVA anime series produced by Bandai, Victor, and Gainax and released from 1988 to 1989. It was the directorial debut of Hideaki Anno, best known as the creator and director of ''Neon Gene ...
'' and in the twenty-first episode of '' Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water'', both of which Anno directed. For writer Dennis Redmond, Misato is based on Nadia Arwol from ''Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water'' while Akio Nagatomi of The Animé Café and writer Dani Cavallaro compared her to Kazumi Amano from ''Gunbuster''. The theme of conflict with paternal figures is also present in Anno's previous works.


Cultural impact


Popularity

The character of Misato has been ranked in several popularity polls, in different categories, placing among the most popular ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' characters. After the conclusion of the series, Misato ranked eighth among the most-popular female characters of the moment in the 1996 Anime Grand Prix, a large annual survey conducted by the Japanese magazine ''
Animage is a Japanese anime and entertainment magazine which Tokuma Shoten began publishing in July 1978. Hayao Miyazaki's internationally renowned manga, '' Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'', was serialized in ''Animage'' from 1982 through 1994. Ot ...
''. In the next two Anime Grand Prix, she stayed in the top twenty; in 1997 she remained in eighth place, while in 1998 she dropped to thirteenth. Misato also remained in the magazine's monthly rankings throughout 1997, consistently placing among the thirty most-popular characters. In 1998, the magazine placed her twenty-seventh among the most-popular anime characters. Moreover, according to ''
Animerica ''Animerica'' was a monthly magazine published by Viz Media containing news, feature articles, and reviews on manga, anime, and related media, as well as a section that serialized manga published by Viz. After an initial November 1992 preview is ...
'' magazine, Misato's popularity led her to become the most-popular female character in the series in the United States, surpassing Rei Ayanami and Asuka.


Critical reception

Critics have been generally positive about Misato's character. Several reviewers praised the characterisation and psychology of the character. According to writer Kazuhisa Fujie, she is "the most elaborately described character in ''Evangelion''". Japanese website Niconico ranked her first among animated characters that are most suited to the role of big sister, appreciating both her messy, affectionate, homely attitude and her military skills.
Crunchyroll Crunchyroll is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Sony through a joint venture between Sony Pictures and Sony Music Entertainment Japan's Aniplex. The service primarily distributes films and te ...
's Kara Dennison called her an extremely "under-appreciated" character while the website Autostraddle lauded her brilliance and intelligence, deeming her one of the most-realistic characters to ever appear in a ''shōnen'' anime. The website Urban Cinefile described her as a "daring, decisive, innovative" character. The websites
Screen Rant ''Screen Rant'' is an entertainment website that offers news in the fields of television, films, video games, and film theories. ''Screen Rant'' was launched by Vic Holtreman in 2003, and originally had its primary office in Ogden, Utah. ''Scree ...
and
Comic Book Resources ''Comic Book Resources'', also known by the initialism CBR, is a website dedicated to the coverage of comic book–related news and discussion. History Comic Book Resources was founded by Jonah Weiland in 1995 as a development of the Kingdom Co ...
ranked Misato among the best characters in the series. According to Ritwik Mitra of Screen Rant; "One of the important women in Shinji's life and a great character in her own right, Misato is ... one of the more intriguing characters in the entire show, and a treat to watch during some of the more impactful moments in ''Neon Genesis Evangelion''". Other reviewers expressed criticism for her characterization. Anime News Network reviewer Kenneth Lee found her characterization ineffective, writing about the lack of convincing explanations about Misato's emergence from her years of aphasia. Comic Book Resources's Theo Kogod criticized her decision to take Asuka and Shinji into custody. Further criticism was aimed at some scenes in the twentieth episode, in which Misato has sexual intercourse with Kaji, and some of her sexually implied approaches to fourteen-year-old Shinji. Emily Auten of Nerdmuch.com and Brittany Vincenti of Geek.com, on the other hand, expressed positive opinions of her relationship with Kaji. VG Culture HQ's Morgan Lewis also praised her relationship with Shinji and her humane approach to him, describing her as the best character in the series. Comic Book Resources' Ajay Aravind noted the kiss between Shinji and Misato as one of the scenes that changed Japanese animation; his colleague Devin Meenan described it as "one of the most beautiful" of ''The End of Evangelion''. For 25 Years Later's Alex Boruff, the relationship between Shinji and Misato is ''Evangelion'' most important, and it "doesn’t fit into any conventional archetypes of relationships"; according to Boruff, "part of what makes their dynamic so fascinating is the ambiguity of it". Misato's role in the ''Rebuild of Evangelion'' saga also drew criticism and praise from reviewers. For Comic Book Resources's Angelos Delos Trinos, her characterization in ''Rebuild'' is minimal when compared "to her depth and nuance" in the classic series. Japan Cinema criticized the drastic changes to the character and the lack of explanations. ''Anime Reign'' magazine also expressed a negative opinion, deeming her role underexplored and shadowy. The website ''
Japanator ''Destructoid'' is a website that was founded as a video game-focused blog in March 2006 by Yanier Gonzalez, a Cuban-American cartoonist and author. Enthusiast Gaming acquired the website in 2017, and sold it to Gamurs Group in 2022. History '' ...
'' expresses a contrary opinion, saying it is "fascinating to see Misato unchained from the shackles of Nerv", emphasizing the consistency of the changes and finding them relevant to the spirit of ''Rebuild of Evangelion''. The reception of Misato's role in the last installment of the saga '' Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time'' (2021) was more positive. For '' IGN'' Hanrique Padula, Misato and the show's other characters would, in the film, gain facets never seen before, reaching points never reached in the original series. Comic Book Resources' Reuben Baron also welcomed the revelations presented in the feature film, saying; "''3.0+1.01'' also fills in enough details about Misato's experiences during the time skip n ''3.0''to give her a more convincing emotional arc".


Legacy and merchandise

Misato's character has been used for merchandising items, such as toys, collectible models, action figures, alcohol, eyewear, gun holsters and clothing items. In June 2009,
Bandai Namco Entertainment is a Japanese multinational video game publisher headquartered in Minato-ku, Tokyo. Its international branches, Bandai Namco Entertainment America and Bandai Namco Entertainment Europe, are respectively headquartered in Irvine, California a ...
and Cellius released a program called "The Misato Katsuragi News Project", in which the character Misato announced the most important news of the day via a voice simulator. The program remained active until June of the following year. Misato was also used in advertising campaigns for the
Japan Racing Association The Japan Racing Association ( ja, 日本中央競馬会 Nippon Chūō Keiba Kai, or JRA) is a public company established to operate Chūō Keiba (中央競馬 Central horse racing) and to manage racecourses, betting facilities, and horse-training ...
and features on the 500 Type Eva, a high-speed train dedicated to ''Neon Genesis Evangelion''. Misato is parodied in the manga '' Jujutsu Kaisen'', which has a reference to the photograph she gives Shinji in the first episode of the series. Actor Natsuki Kato has paid homage to Misato by
cosplay Cosplay, a portmanteau of "costume play", is an activity and performance art in which participants called cosplayers wear costumes and fashion accessories to represent a specific character. Cosplayers often interact to create a subculture, a ...
ing her; in 2015, she dressed as Misato during an official announcement by the Hakuto team of a space mission to send a miniature replica of Longinus' spear to the Moon. Hiroyasu Ishida, director of '' Penguin Highway'', cited Misato as one of the influences for Aoyama's older sister, the feature film's protagonist. According to Kazuya Tsurumaki, Sadamoto may have initially thought of Misato for the conception of ''
FLCL is an original video animation (OVA) anime series created and directed by Kazuya Tsurumaki, written by Yōji Enokido, and produced by the FLCL Production Committee, which consisted of Gainax, Production I.G, and King Records. '' ...
'' Haruko Haruhara. ''
Attack on Titan is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama. It is set in a world where humanity is forced to live in cities surrounded by three enormous walls that protect them from gigantic man-eating humanoids referred to as ...
'' author
Hajime Isayama is a Japanese manga artist. His first series, ''Attack on Titan'' (2009–2021), became one of the best-selling manga series of all time with 110 million copies in circulation as of September 2022. Biography Isayama was born in Ōyama, Ōita ...
drew
Mikasa Ackerman The ''Attack on Titan'' manga and anime series feature an extensive cast of fictional characters created by Hajime Isayama. The story is set in a world where humanity lives in cities surrounded by enormous walls; a defense against the Titans, g ...
's name from the warship of the same name, thinking of Misato's surname or those of Ritsuko or Yuki Nagato from ''
The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya is a Japanese light novel series written by Nagaru Tanigawa and illustrated by Noizi Ito. It was first published in 2003 by Kadokawa Shoten in Japan with the novel ''The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya'', and has since been followed ...
'', all af which came from warships, with the idea similar names would bring success to the characters. Critics have found similarities to Misato in later female anime characters, including Talho Yūki from ''
Eureka Seven ''Eureka Seven'', known in Japan as , is a 2005 Japanese anime series created by Bones. The series was directed by Tomoki Kyoda, with series composition by Dai Satō, character designs by Kenichi Yoshida and music by Naoki Satō. ' ...
'' by her way of drinking beer and Haruka Shitow from ''
RahXephon is a Japanese anime television series created and directed by Yutaka Izubuchi. The series follows 17-year-old Ayato Kamina, his ability to control a mecha known as the RahXephon, and his inner journey to find a place in the world. His li ...
'' for her maternal attitude toward the series' protagonist, Kamina. Anime News Network' Gabriella Ekens compared Misato to Chain Sumeragi from '' Blood Blockade Battlefront'', as both sensual, career women with comic moments; she also noticed that Kazuki Kuwanomi from ''
Plastic Memories is a Japanese anime television series produced by Doga Kobo and directed by Yoshiyuki Fujiwara. The story was conceived by Naotaka Hayashi, who also wrote the screenplay, with original character designs by Okiura. The series aired in Japan be ...
'' is "often framed in ways that resemble Misato". Her colleague Jason Green similarly traced Misato's influence on the characterization of Yoko Littner from ''
Gurren Lagann ''Gurren Lagann'', known in Japan as , is a Japanese mecha anime television series animated by Gainax and co-produced by Aniplex and Konami. It ran for 27 episodes on TV Tokyo between April and September 2007. It was directed by Hiroyuki ...
'', particularly in the use of "Gainax bounce" fan service.


See also

*


Notes


References

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Katsuragi, Misato Female characters in anime and manga Television characters introduced in 1995 Animated characters introduced in 1995 Fictional Japanese people in anime and manga Fictional alcohol abusers Fictional lieutenant colonels Fictional female majors Fictional military captains Fictional private military members Fictional war veterans Female soldier and warrior characters in anime and manga Neon Genesis Evangelion characters Science fiction film characters