In
molecular biology
Molecular biology is the branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions. The study of chemical and physi ...
mir-663 microRNA is a short
RNA molecule.
MicroRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. mi ...
s function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
Gastric cancer suppression
miR-663 has been identified as a possible suppressor of tumour growth, with its levels downregulated in human
gastric cancer
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach. Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas, which can be divided into a number of subtypes, including gastric adenocarcinomas. Lymph ...
cell lines. Its introduction into the two human gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SNU5 induces morphology changes and suppresses cell proliferation.
Transfection with miR-663 also sees a resultant upregulation of
cyclin B
Cyclin B is a member of the cyclin family. Cyclin B is a mitotic cyclin. The amount of cyclin B (which binds to Cdk1) and the activity of the cyclin B-Cdk complex rise through the cell cycle until mitosis, where they fall abruptly due to degra ...
.
miR-155 upregulation and other molecular targets
Resveratrol, a
natural phenol and
antioxidant, upregulates miR-663 in human
THP-1 monocytic cells, human blood monocytes and MCF7 brest cancer cells.
Endogenous
activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity is decreased by miR-663 and there is additional impaired
lipopolysaccharide
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide that are bacterial toxins. They are composed of an O-antigen, an outer core, and an inner core all joined by a covalent bond, and are found in the outer ...
upregulation. miR-663 directly targets
JunD
Under the early Caliphates, a ''jund'' ( ar, جند; plural ''ajnad'', اجناد) was a military division, which became applied to Arab military colonies in the conquered lands and, most notably, to the provinces into which Greater Syria (the Le ...
and JunB transcripts, and alters AP-1 upregulation through this. It is further involved in the impaired lipopolysaccharide upregulation of miR-155 by resveratrol.
miR-663 also directly targets
EEF1A2
Elongation factor 1-alpha 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EEF1A2'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes an isoform of the alpha subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex, which is responsible for the enzymatic delivery of amin ...
, translation elongation factor and well-known protooncogene.
See also
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MicroRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. mi ...
References
Further reading
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External links
* {{Rfam, id=RF00957, name=mir-663 microRNA precursor family
MicroRNA
MicroRNA precursor families