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The Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism (MINCOTUR) is the
department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
of the
Government of Spain gl, Goberno de España eu, Espainiako Gobernua , image = , caption = Logo of the Government of Spain , headerstyle = background-color: #efefef , label1 = Role , data1 = Executive power , label2 = Established , da ...
responsible for the proposal and execution of the government policy on industry, trade and
tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring (disambiguation), touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tour (disambiguation), tours. Th ...
, including among its competences the
industrial development Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econom ...
and of the SMEs, the promotion and defense of the
industrial property Industrial property is one of two subsets of intellectual property (the other being copyright), it takes a range of forms, including patents for inventions, industrial designs (aesthetic creations related to the appearance of industrial product ...
, the commercial policy of internationalization and of investments and external transactions, as well as the politics of tourism and the rest of competences and attributions that the legal system attributes to it. Likewise, in coordination with the
Foreign Ministry In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...
is responsible for the international cooperation on this matters. The Industry Ministry, along with the Defence Ministry, has an important presence in the
military industry A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...
. The MINCOTUR supervises the imports and exports of military materials through the Interministerial Regulatory Board on Foreign Trade of Defense Material and Dual Purpose (JIMDDU) of the Secretariat of State for Trade. Likewise, the Ministry of Industry regularly grants loans to state-owned enterprises for the promotion of this industry and the realization of military projects. The MINCOTUR is headed by the Minister of Industry, Trade and Tourism, who is appointed by the
Monarch A monarch is a head of stateWebster's II New College DictionarMonarch Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority and power ...
at request of the
Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is n ...
, after hearing the
Council of Ministers A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or natio ...
. The Minister, currently the economist Reyes Maroto, is assisted by four main officials, the Secretary of State for Tourism, the Secretary of State for Trade, the Secretary General for Industry and Small and Medium Enterprises and the Under Secretary of Industry, Trade and Tourism.


History


Early period

Government action in the field of Industry within the historical limits of Spanish constitutionalism, can be traced to the early 19th century. In 9 November 1832 the Ministry of Development was created and among other responsibilities, it had the
domestic Domestic may refer to: In the home * Anything relating to the human home or family ** A domestic animal, one that has undergone domestication ** A domestic appliance, or home appliance ** A domestic partnership ** Domestic science, sometimes cal ...
and
foreign trade International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories because there is a need or want of goods or services. (see: World economy) In most countries, such trade represents a significant ...
;
industry Industry may refer to: Economics * Industry (economics), a generally categorized branch of economic activity * Industry (manufacturing), a specific branch of economic activity, typically in factories with machinery * The wider industrial sector ...
, arts,
craft A craft or trade is a pastime or an occupation that requires particular skills and knowledge of skilled work. In a historical sense, particularly the Middle Ages and earlier, the term is usually applied to people occupied in small scale prod ...
s and
manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a range ...
. The linkage of the industry to the Development Ministry was maintained until 1922. Even during the period 1900–1905, the Department was named Agriculture, Industry, Trade and Public Works. On the other hand, in 1910 the Directorate-General for Trade, Industry and Labour was created. Between 1922 and 1928 the newly created the Ministry of Labour assumed the powers over Industry and Commerce.


Late period

The end of the Military Directorate in 1925, the restoration of the ministerial regime and the economic circumstances led to the creation of the ''Ministry of National Economy'' by Royal Decree-Law of 3 November 1928, in response to public opinion that this affairs required to be placed under one direction only, both in terms of production, trade and consumption; and that to date they were dispersed among the rest of the government departments. The National Economy Council depended on the new Economy Ministry, although slightly modified, continuing with its work of collecting and contrasting the realities of the country around each and every one of the sectors of his economic life. The Ministry was also integrated by the following organisms: * The Ministry of Development transferred to it the Directorate-General for Agriculture, with the agricultural chambers, agronomic council and association of Cattle Ranchers and the services of Hygiene and Animal Health. * The Office of the Prime Minister transferred to it the National Economy Council and Directorate-General for Tariffs and Valuations, whose holder was the vice president of the council. * From the Ministries of Labor and
Interior Interior may refer to: Arts and media * ''Interior'' (Degas) (also known as ''The Rape''), painting by Edgar Degas * ''Interior'' (play), 1895 play by Belgian playwright Maurice Maeterlinck * ''The Interior'' (novel), by Lisa See * Interior de ...
, it were transferred respectively the responsibilities on Commerce and Supply, which met in the same Directorate-General for Trade and Supply. * The Ministry of Labour also transferred to it the Directorate-General for Industry, with the School of Industrial Engineers, as well as provincial inspectorates. During this period, its headquarters were in the same building as the Ministry of Development, with the exception of the National Economy Council, which was located on Magdalena Street, 12 in
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
. By Decree of 16 December 1931, the department was renamed as Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Trade. The National Economy Council was transformed into the National Economy Planning Council. In 1933, during the premiership of
Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Díaz (; 10 January 1880 – 3 November 1940) was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1933 and 1936), organizer of the Popular Front in 1935 and the last President of the Repu ...
, the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Trade split in two and while the responsibilities on industry and commerce stayed in this department, agriculture affairs were transferred to the new
Ministry of Agriculture An agriculture ministry (also called an) agriculture department, agriculture board, agriculture council, or agriculture agency, or ministry of rural development) is a ministry charged with agriculture. The ministry is often headed by a minister ...
. This ministry was structured through three departments: the Directorate-General for Industry, the Directorate-General for Trade and the Directorate-General for Mines and Fuel. This structure was maintained until 1951 when because of the growth of the commercial activity, in which —according to the
dictator A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a small clique. The word originated as the title of a Roman dictator elected by the Roman Senate to rule the republic in time ...
— made inexcusable a greater attention of the States, especially in its two most important aspects, of supplies and
foreign currency A currency, "in circulation", from la, currens, -entis, literally meaning "running" or "traversing" is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. A more general def ...
, reached such extension that completely absorbed the activity of one Ministry, given the dimensions and complexity of the problems in which the
Administration Administration may refer to: Management of organizations * Management, the act of directing people towards accomplishing a goal ** Administrative Assistant, traditionally known as a Secretary, or also known as an administrative officer, administ ...
was obliged to intervene; and the
industrial development Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econom ...
of
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
and the forced promotion of
mining Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic via ...
and production of
energy In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat ...
and basic materials, contained in itself more than enough field to absorb all the activities of a single ministerial department, forced the government to split the Ministry of Industry and Trade in two. Since the approval of the
Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these princi ...
in 1978, the Industry Ministry was renamed Ministry of Industry and Energy with responsibilities on the industrial and energy policies and, since 1988, for the first time, it assumed competences over technological development and
innovation Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering goods or services. ISO TC 279 in the standard ISO 56000:2020 defines innovation as "a new or changed entit ...
because of «the accession of Spain to the
Treaty of Rome The Treaty of Rome, or EEC Treaty (officially the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community), brought about the creation of the European Economic Community (EEC), the best known of the European Communities (EC). The treaty was signe ...
and the measures of application of the
Single European Act The Single European Act (SEA) was the first major revision of the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The Act set the European Community an objective of establishing a single market by 31 December 1992, and a forerunner of the European Union's Common Foreign ...
» which required «an effort to increase the competitiveness of Spanish industry». Also, the
Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...
considered necessary for "emphasize those elements that will determine the competitive position of industrial companies in the immediate future: the development and application of new technologies in the industry, and care for design and product quality industrial".In 2000 the Ministry was suppressed and its components were divided between the
Ministry of Economy A ministry of economy, ministry of commerce, ministry of economic affairs or department of commerce is a part of the government in most countries that is responsible for matters related to the economy or economic policy. List Examples of such mini ...
(mining and energy) and the
Ministry of Science and Technology A Science Ministry or Department of Science is a ministry or other government agency charged with science. The ministry is often headed by a Minister for Science. List of Ministries of Science Many countries have a Ministry of Science or Ministry ...
(industry and technology). This last Ministry, considered the direct successor, in words of its minister Anna Birulés in her speech before
Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...
in 21 June 2000 «''the Department is responsible for the challenge but also the opportunity to make the decisive process of promoting the culture of innovation in our country a reality in the time horizon of this legislature''». This was reverted in 2004 when the new government recovered the Ministry but not only with the industrial responsibilities but with its historical trade responsibilities and
tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring (disambiguation), touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tour (disambiguation), tours. Th ...
and
telecoms Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that fe ...
ones. In 2012, the ministry lost again its trade responsibilities that were assumed by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Again in 2016, the ministry lost its autonomy after being merged in the Economy Ministry and the responsibilities on energy, telecoms and tourism got their own ministry. The new Prime Minister
Pedro Sánchez Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón (; born 29 February 1972) is a Spanish politician who has been Prime Minister of Spain since June 2018. He has also been Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) since June 2017, having pr ...
recovered the Ministry in 2018 with competencies on industrial affairs, trade and tourism sector. However, the telecoms powers remained in the Ministry of Economy and, for the first time, the recovered Ministry of Environment (renamed for the Ecological Transition) assumed the powers on energy.


Organization chart

The current structure of the Ministry is the following: * The Secretariat of State for Trade ** The Directorate-General for International Trade and Investments ** The Directorate-General for Commercial Policy **The Deputy Directorate-General for Internationalization Strategy **The Deputy Directorate-General for Studies and Evaluation of Commercial Policy Instruments * The Secretariat of State for Tourism **The Deputy Directorate-General for Tourism Cooperation and Competitiveness **The Deputy Directorate-General for Tourism Development and Sustainability **The Division for Information Analysis and Evaluation of Tourism Policies. *The General Secretariat for Industry and Small and Medium Enterprises ** The Directorate-General for Industry and Small and Medium Enterprises *The Undersecretariat of Industry, Trade and Tourism ** The Technical General Secretariat **The Deputy Directorate-General for the Administrative Office and Financial Administration **The Deputy Directorate-General for Information and Communication Technologies **The Budget Office. **The Deputy Directorate-General for the General Inspectorate of Services and Relationship with Citizens **The Deputy Directorate-General for Planning


List of Industry Ministers


Dictatorship of

Miguel Primo de Rivera Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a dictator, aristocrat, and military officer who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during Spain's Restoration era. He deepl ...
(1928–1931)

** (November 1928 – January 1930) Francisco Moreno Zuleta (13). ** (January 1930 – January 1930) Sebastián Castedo Palero (13). ** (February 1930 – August 1930) Julio Wais San Martín (13). ** (August 1930 – February 1931) Luis Rodríguez de Viguri (13). ** (February 1931 – April 1931) Gabino Bugallal (13).


Second Republic (1931–1939)

** (December 1931 – June 1933) Marcelino Domingo Sanjuán (12). ** (June 1933 – September 1933) José Roca Franchy and (9). ** (September 1933 – 10 1933) Laureano Gómez Paratcha (9). ** (October 1933 – December 1933) Felix Gordon de Ordaz (9). ** (December 1933 – April 1934) Ricardo Samper Ibáñez (9). ** (April 1934 – October 1934) Vicente Iranzo Enguita (9). ** (October 1934 – April 1935) Andres Orozco Batista (9). ** (April 1935 – May 1935) Manuel Marraco Ramon (9). ** (May 1935 – September 1935) Rafael Aizpún Santafé (9). ** (September 1935 – October 1935) José Martínez de Velasco (11). ** (October 1935 – December 1935) John Usabiaga Lasquivar (11). ** (December 1935 – December 1935) Joaquín de Pablo-Blanco Torres (11). ** (December 1935 – February 1936) José María Álvarez Mendizábal (November). ** (February 1935 – September 1936) Plácido Alvarez-Buylla and Lozana (9). ** (September 1936 – November 1936) Anastasio de Gracia Villarrubia (9). ** (November 1936 – May 1937) Joan Peiro Belis (7). ** (November 1936 – May 1937) Juan López Sánchez (8).


Franco (1936–1975)

** (October 1936 – January 1938) Joaquín Bau (9). ** (January 1938 – August 1939) Juan Antonio Suances (9). ** (August 1939 – October 1940): Luis Alarcón de la Lastra (9). ** (October 1940 – July 1945) Demetrio Carceller Segura (9). ** (July 1945 – July 1951) Juan Antonio Suances (9). ** (July 1951 – July 1962) Joaquín Planell (7). ** (July 1951 – February 1957) Manuel Arburúa of Miyar (8). ** (February 1957 – July 1965) Alberto Ullastres (8). ** (July 1962 – 10 1969) Gregorio López-Bravo (7). ** (July 1965 – 10 1969) Faustino Garcia-Moncada Fernández (8). ** (October 1969 – January 1974) José María López de Letona (7). ** (October 1969 – June 1973) Enrique Fontana (8). ** (June 1973 – January 1974) Augustine Cotorruelo (8). ** (January 1974 – March 1975) Alfredo Santos Blanco (7). ** (January 1974 – March 1975) Nemesio Fernández-Cuesta (8). ** (March 1975 – December 1975) Alfonso Álvarez Miranda (7). ** (March 1975 – December 1975) José Luis Ceron Ayuso (8). ** (March 1975 – December 1975) León Herrera Esteban (September).


Reign of Juan Carlos I

**Preconstitutional Period *** (December 1975 – July 1977) Carlos Pérez de Bricio (7). *** (December 1975 – July 1976)
Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo Leopoldo Ramón Pedro Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo, 1st Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo (; 14 April 1926 – 3 May 2008), usually known as Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, was Prime Minister of Spain between 1981 and 1982. Early life and career Calvo-Sotelo was b ...
(8). *** (July 1976 – July 1977) José Lladó Fernández-Urrutia (8). **Constituent Assembly (1977–1979) *** (August 1977 – February 1978) Alberto Oliart Saussol, UCD (7) *** (August 1977 – April 1979) Juan Antonio García Díez, UCD (8) *** (February 1978 – April 1979)
Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún ( Ávila, 27 March 1932 – Paris, 13 October 1991) was a Spanish politician and businessman as well as being a doctor in economics and law who was best known as being the mayor of Madrid from 1989 to 1991. He studi ...
, UCD (3) **I Legislature (1979–1982) *** (April 1979 – May 1980) Juan Antonio García Díez, UCD (8) *** (April 1979 – May 1980) Carlos Bustelo García del Real UCD (7) *** (May 1980 – December 1982) Ignacio Bayón Mariné UCD (3) *** (December 1981 – December 1982): Luis Gámir, UCD (6). **II Legislature (1982–1986) *** (December 1982 – July 1985) Carlos Solchaga Catalan,
PSOE The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español ; PSOE ) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in gov ...
(3) *** (July 1985 – July 1986) Joan Majó, PSOE (3) **III Legislature (1986–1989) *** (July 1986 – July 1988): Luis Carlos Croissier Batista, PSOE (3) *** (July 1988 – 1989) Claudio Aranzadi, PSOE (3). **IV Legislature (1989–1993) *** (1989 – July 1993) Claudio Aranzadi, PSOE (3), (5) **V Legislature (1993–1996) *** (July 1993 – May 1996) Juan Manuel Eguiagaray, PSOE (3) *** (July 1993 – May 1996) Javier Gómez-Navarro, PSOE (4) **VI Legislature (1996–2000) *** (May 1996 – April 2000)
Josep Piqué Josep Piqué i Camps (born 21 February 1955 in Vilanova i la Geltrú) is a Spanish politician of the right-leaning Spanish People's Party (PP) who represented Barcelona. Pique was initially a member of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PS ...
, PP (3) **Seventh Legislature (2000–2004) *** (April 2000 – July 2002 Ana Birulés, PP (2) *** (July 2002 – September 2003
Josep Piqué Josep Piqué i Camps (born 21 February 1955 in Vilanova i la Geltrú) is a Spanish politician of the right-leaning Spanish People's Party (PP) who represented Barcelona. Pique was initially a member of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PS ...
, PP (2) *** (September 2003 – April 2004 Juan Costa Climent, PP (2) **VIII Legislature (2004–2008) *** (April 2004 – September 2006) José Montilla Aguilera, PSOE (1) *** (September 2006 – April 2008) Joan Clos i Matheu, PSOE (1) **IX Legislature (2008–2011) *** (April 2008 – December 2011): Miguel Sebastián Gascón, PSOE (1) **X Legislature (2011–2015) *** (December 2011–15 April 2016): José Manuel Soria López, PP (14) **XI Legislature (2015–2016) *** (15 April 2016 – 4 November 2016): Luis de Guindos, Independent (PP) (14) (Acting minister) **XII Legislature (2016–present) *** (4 November 2016 – 7 March 2018): Luis de Guindos, Independent (PP) (15) *** (7 March 2018 – 7 June 2018): Román Escolano, Independent (PP) (15) *** (7 June 2018 – present): Reyes Maroto, PSOE (16)


Name

* (1) Industry, Tourism and Trade. * (2) Science and Technology. * (3) Industry and Energy. * (4) Trade and Tourism. * (5) Industry, Trade and Tourism. * (6) Trade and Tourism. * (7) Industry. * (8) Trade. * (9) Industry and Trade. * (10) Industry, Commerce and Supplies. * (11) Industry, Commerce and Agriculture. * (12) Agriculture, Trade and Industry. * (13) National Economy * (14) Industry, Energy and Tourism * (15) Economy, Industry and Competitiveness * (16) Industry, Trade and Tourism


See also

* Comisión Nacional de Energía (Spain) * IDAE


Notes and references


External links


Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade of Spain.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry of Industry (Spain) Government ministries of Spain