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Medicaid managed care
Medicaid Medicaid in the United States is a federal and state program that helps with healthcare costs for some people with limited income and resources. Medicaid also offers benefits not normally covered by Medicare, including nursing home care and pers ...
and additional services in the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territo ...
through an arrangement between a state Medicaid agency and
managed care The term managed care or managed healthcare is used in the United States to describe a group of activities intended to reduce the cost of providing health care and providing American health insurance while improving the quality of that care ("man ...
organizations (MCOs) that accept a set payment – "capitation" – for these services. As of 2014, 26 states have contracts with MCOs to deliver long-term care for the elderly and individuals with disabilities. There are two main forms of Medicaid managed care, "risk-based MCOs" and "primary care case management (PCCM)." Managed care delivery systems grew rapidly in the Medicaid program during the 1990s. In 1991, 2.7 million beneficiaries were enrolled in some form of managed care. Currently, managed care is the most common health care delivery system in Medicaid. In 2007, nearly two-thirds of all Medicaid beneficiaries are enrolled in some form of managed care – mostly, traditional
health maintenance organizations In the United States, a health maintenance organization (HMO) is a medical insurance group that provides health services for a fixed annual fee. It is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance, self-funded heal ...
(HMO) and primary care case management (PCCM) arrangements. This amounted to 29 million beneficiaries, of which 19 million individuals were covered by fully capitated arrangements and 5.8 million were enrolled in Primary Care Case Management. During this time, states increasingly turned to health plans already serving the public coverage programs such as Medicaid and SCHIP to operationalize expansions of coverage to uninsured populations. States used health plans as a platform for expansions and reforms because of their track record of controlling costs in public coverage programs while improving the quality of and access to care. A variety of different types of
health plan Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society".World Health Organization''Health Policy'' accessed 22 March 2011(Web archive)/ref> According to the ...
s serve Medicaid managed care programs, including for-profit and
not-for-profit A nonprofit organization (NPO) or non-profit organisation, also known as a non-business entity, not-for-profit organization, or nonprofit institution, is a legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, in co ...
, Medicaid-focused and commercial, independent and owned by health care providers such as community health centers. In 2007, 350 health plans offered Medicaid coverage. Of those, 147 were Medicaid-focused health plans that specialize in serving the unique needs of Medicaid and other public program beneficiaries. Over 11 million are enrolled in Medicaid focused health plan

All states except
Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...
, and Wyoming have all, or a portion of, their Medicaid population enrolled in an MCO. States can make managed care enrollment voluntary, or seek a waiver from CMS to require certain populations to enroll in an MCO. If states provide a choice of at least two plans, they can mandate enrollment in managed care. Healthy children and families make up the majority of Medicaid managed care enrollees, but an increasing number of states are expanding managed care to previously excluded groups, such as people with disabilities, pregnant women, and children in foster care. In 2003, Hudson Health Plan implemented a patient-specific pay for performance (P4P) model to increase immunization rates and diabetes care for Medicaid managed care recipients.


See also

* Enhanced Primary Care Case Management Program


References

{{Reflist, 1 Managed care
Managed care The term managed care or managed healthcare is used in the United States to describe a group of activities intended to reduce the cost of providing health care and providing American health insurance while improving the quality of that care ("man ...