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The Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation ( tr, Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi or MKE for short), established in 1950, is a reorganization of government-controlled group of factories in
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
that supplied the
Turkish Armed Forces The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; tr, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces consist of the General Staff, the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Forces. The current Chi ...
with military products.


History

Its roots lie in the "Tophane-i Amire" ("Royal Arsenal") built in the latter part of the 15th Century to supply the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
's artillery corps with
cannon A cannon is a large- caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder du ...
,
powder A powder is a dry, bulk solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials, although the terms ''powder'' and '' granular'' are sometimes used to disti ...
, and
shot Shot may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Shot'' (album), by The Jesus Lizard *''Shot, Illusion, New God'', an EP by Gruntruck *'' Shot Rev 2.0'', a video album by The Sisters of Mercy * "Shot" (song), by The Rasmus * ''Shot'' (2017 ...
. This was reorganized in 1832 as the "Tophane Müşavirliği" ("Arsenal of Ordnance and Artillery Marshalship") and was later formed in a department of "Harbiye Nezareti" (Ministry of War) in 1908. After World War I and the following " Young Turks" revolt, it was reorganized as the "General Directorate of Military Factories" in 1923. Today, the MKE is made up of 12 facilities that employ 7,430 personnel.


Legal status

The company's legal status has changed from
state-owned enterprise A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn profit for the government ...
to a
corporation A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and ...
, with the Law Nr. 7330 dated July 3rd, 2021.


Products

The corporation mainly produces equipment for the
Turkish Armed Forces The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; tr, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces consist of the General Staff, the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Forces. The current Chi ...
, such as the
ammunition Ammunition (informally ammo) is the material fired, scattered, dropped, or detonated from any weapon or weapon system. Ammunition is both expendable weapons (e.g., bombs, missiles, grenades, land mines) and the component parts of other weap ...
for
small arms A firearm is any type of gun designed to be readily carried and used by an individual. The term is legally defined further in different countries (see Legal definitions). The first firearms originated in 10th-century China, when bamboo tubes ...
and heavy weapons,
artillery Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sie ...
systems, aerial
bomb A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechan ...
s, mines,
explosive An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An exp ...
s, and
rocket A rocket (from it, rocchetto, , bobbin/spool) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using the surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely f ...
s. MKEK also manufactures civil-purpose products such as
steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resist ...
,
brass Brass is an alloy of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in proportions which can be varied to achieve different mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties. It is a substitutional alloy: atoms of the two constituents may replace each other wit ...
, and electrical parts and equipment. Its large range of
defense industry The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology. It consists of a commercial industry involved in the research and development, engineering, production, and se ...
products are not only demanded in Turkey, but are exported to more than 40 countries worldwide. In 2011, the company has sold military products to 29 countries worldwide. The first smoothbore gun for Altay main battle tank was introduced in 2011. *Production groups: **Ammunition Group **Rocket Group **Weapons Group **Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnic Products Group *Company and factories: there are 11 factories and 1 company affiliated with MKE located in three major manufacturing hubs: **
Kırıkkale Kırıkkale is the capital of the Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 280,83 ...
***Ammunition Factory ***Brass Factory ***Heavy Weapons Factory And Steel Foundry ***Explosives Factory ***Small-Arms Weapons Factory (Kırıkkale Arsenal Co.) **
Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, mak ...
***Explosive & Propellant Factory ***Machinery and Gas-Mask Factory MAKSAM ***Pyrotechnics Factory ***Scrap Recycling Plant ***Small-Arms Ammunition Factory **
Çankırı Çankırı, historically known as Gangra (Greek: Γάγγρα), is the capital city of Çankırı Province, in Turkey, about northeast of Ankara. It is situated about 800 m (2500 ft) above sea level. History Çankırı was known in ...
***Medium-Caliber Weapons Factory **
İzmit İzmit () is a district and the central district of Kocaeli Province, Kocaeli province, Turkey. It is located at the Gulf of İzmit in the Sea of Marmara, about east of Istanbul, on the northwestern part of Anatolia. As of the last 31/12/2019 ...
***Scrap Recycling Plant


MKE Maksam Machine and Mask Factory

MKE Maksam ( tr, Maksam Makine Ve Maske Fabrikasi Müdürlüğü or MAKSAM for short) was founded in 1920. The company's line of business includes the manufacturing of surgical appliances and supplies also
CBRN Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN defence) are protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defence consist ...
masks and products, various masks are produced for the army and civilians. During
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...
Maksam produced millions of Surgical Mask, FFP3 Type Mask, Protective Coverall, Goggles Type A-B, Face Protection Visor Type C, Protective Gloves, Panoramic Mask Set, P13 Plastic Strainer and MKE Surgical Mask Production Machines.


SAHRA Mechanical Respirator

Apart from masks and protective equipment, SAHRA Mechanical Respirator was produced by making use of local and national facilities in order to provide basic respiratory support to COVID-19 patients. SAHRA is ready for mass production by the end of May 2020 and has a weekly production capacity of 500 pieces.


Aircraft

* MKEK-1 Gözcü (Turkish - "''Observer''")Deniz 2004 * MKEK-2 6 planes were producedTaylor 1989, 683"THK-2" *
MKEK-3 __NOTOC__ The THK-16 ''Mehmetçik'' (Turkish: "Little Mehmet"The name ''Mehmetçik'' is used in Turkish to refer informally to an archetypal or generic Turkish soldier, analogous to the British Tommy, American G.I., or French '' Poilu'' (Brosn ...
Cebeci, 2004 * MKEK-4 Uğur (Turkish: "''Luck''") 57 planes were produced three of which were donated to the
Royal Jordanian Air Force The Royal Jordanian Air Force (RJAF; ar, سلاح الجو الملكي الأردني, Silāḥ ul-Jawu al-Malakī 'al-Urdunī) is the aerial warfare branch of the Jordanian Armed Forces. History Early days Jordan gained independence in ...
. *
MKEK-5 __NOTOC__ The THK-5 was a twin-engine aircraft designed by Stanisław Rogalski and built in Turkey in 1945 as an air ambulance. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction throughout. The main units of the tailwh ...
Twin-engine aircraft developed bt in Turkey in 1945 as an
air ambulance Air medical services is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transportation, aeroplane or helicopter, to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. Personnel provide comprehensive prehospital and emergency and cri ...
. * MKEK-6 *
MKEK-7 __NOTOC__ The Sheremetev Sh-5 (Шереметьев Ш-5) was a two-seat sailplane designed by Boris Nikolayevich Sheremetev and produced in the Soviet Union in the 1930s.Shushurin 1938, 4 It was an unorthodox design, with a pod-and-boom layout ...
Krasil'shchikov 1991, 98 * THK-16


Vehicles

*
T-155 Fırtına T-155 Fırtına ( Turkish for ''Storm'') is a Turkish variant of K9 Thunder 155 mm self-propelled howitzer co-developed with South Korea utilizing Turkish technology and design into existing K9 Thunder. It is manufactured and assembled by Turki ...
155 mm SP Howitzer Weapon System *MKE Yavuz T-155
Truck A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame constructi ...
-mounted 155mm
self-propelled gun Self-propelled artillery (also called locomotive artillery) is artillery equipped with its own propulsion system to move toward its firing position. Within the terminology are the self-propelled gun, self-propelled howitzer, self-propelled mo ...


Engineering and Ammunition Resupply Vehicles

* MKEK POYRAZ - Ammunition resupply vehicle * MKE TAMKAR Mine-clearing line charge system *
MKE TAMGEÇ MKE TAMGEÇ is a mine destruction system ( Mine-clearing line charge ) produced by MKEK, consisting of chain explosives attached to the back of a rocket. When the rocket is activated, it follows a parabola course and the explosives attached to it ...
Mine-clearing line charge system.


Weapons


Small Armsmkek.gov.tr/tr/products.aspx?id=52&source=Products

* MKE MPT - MPT-76 and MPT-55 National Infantry Rifle *MKE KAAN-717 -
7.62×51mm NATO The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless, bottlenecked rifle cartridge. It is a standard for small arms among NATO countries. First developed in the 1950s, the cartridge had first been introduced in U.S. service ...
90mm shorter carbine version of the MPT-76 * Heckler & Koch HK33 -A2/A3 (
licensed production Licensed production is the production under license of technology developed elsewhere. The licensee provides the licensor of a specific product with legal production rights, technical information, process technology, and any other proprietary compon ...
) *
Heckler & Koch G3 The Heckler & Koch G3 (''Gewehr'' 3) is a 7.62×51mm NATO, select-fire battle rifle developed in the 1950s by the German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch (H&K) in collaboration with the Spanish state-owned design and development agency ...
- (licensed production) G3-A3/A4/A7 *
HK416 The Heckler & Koch HK416 is a gas-operated assault rifle chambered for the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge. It is designed and manufactured by the German company Heckler & Koch. Although the design is based on the AR-15 class of firearm (specific ...
- (licensed production) * MKE Bora-12
Sniper Rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...
*
MKE JNG-90 MKE JNG-90 is a bolt-action sniper rifle that fires the 7.62×51mm NATO round used by the Turkish military. Development of the weapon first started back in 2004 to 2008. Its nickname is ''Bora'' and it is currently being offered for export. De ...
Sniper Rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...
*
KNT-76 The MPT ( tr, Millî Piyade Tüfeği, en, National Infantry Rifle) is a modular rifle family designed by MKEK and produced by MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifle ...
Sniper Rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...
*
Heckler & Koch MP5 The Heckler & Koch MP5 (german: Maschinenpistole 5) is a 9x19mm Parabellum submachine gun, developed in the 1960s by a team of engineers from the German small arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch. There are over 100 variants and clones of the MP5, ...
- (licensed production) MP5-A2/A3/K * MTS-A2/A3 * MKE T-41/43/50/94 other guns * T40-R/R5 Grenade Launcher (also for
IWI Tavor The IWI Tavor TAR-21 is an Israeli bullpup assault rifle chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO caliber with a selective fire system, selecting between semi-automatic mode and full automatic fire mode. The Tavor is designed and produced by Israel Weapo ...
X95sTavor-21 Rifle Headed Into Service With Indian Special Forces
. Defenseindustrydaily.com (2007-02-28). Retrieved on 2010-08-31.
) * MG3 (licensed production) * MGL (licensed production) * Mk 19 (licensed production) *MKE CS Tear Gas Grenade *MKE MOD 56 Riot Control Hand Grenade *MKE MK2-3 Hand Grenade *MOT-919 Submachine gun *MKE MMT (Modern Machine Gun) *MKE PMT-76 Machine Gun *MKE PMT-57A Machine Gun *MKE MAM-15 anti-materiel sniper rifle


Artillery - rockets - missiles

*
Panter howitzer The Panter howitzer is an artillery weapon developed by MKEK for the Turkish Land Forces Command. It has a 155 mm/52-calibre towed howitzer gun and is able to fire NATO projectiles to a maximum range of 40 kilometers using extended-range ...
155 mm/52-calibre towed SP howitzer gun *
MKE 120 mm tank gun The MKE 120 mm tank gun is a Turkish 120 mm 55 caliber smoothbore gun based on CN08 120 mm gun produced by the Turkish company Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation, used on the Turkish Altay tank. The gun has a length of . The gun can f ...
* 105 mm M68 Tank Gun Weapon System * Oerlikon 20 mm (licensed production)
anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes Surface-to-air m ...
gun for double barrel GAI 001 system * Oerlikon 35 mm (licensed production) double barrel
anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes Surface-to-air m ...
gun for towed MKE GDF-003B and other systems * 107 mm MBRL * 70 mm MKE FFAR (licensed production) air to ground and surface to surface unguided rocket * 60 mm Commando Mortar * 120 mm HY1-12 Grooved Mortar *MKE 81mm UT1 *MKE 81mm NT1 *MO-120 RT-61 (Mortier 120mm Raye Tracte Modele F1) * Eryx
anti-tank guided missile An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank missile, anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily armored military vehicles. ATGMs range in size from shoulder- ...
(licensed production) * MKE Boran Air Transportable Light Towed Howitzer. (Based on L118.) *MKE 66 mm light anti-tank system *MKE Aircraft bombs - MK-84 and MK-82 *MKE Penetrator bomb - 870 Kg 2.1 m thick used on
Turkish Air Force The Turkish Air Force ( tr, ) is the aerial warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Air Force can trace its origins back to June 1911 when it was founded by the Ottoman Empire, however, the air force as it is known t ...
F-4 Terminator 2020s and
F-16 Falcon The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics for the United States Air Force (USAF). Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful ...
s


Protective gear

* MAKSAM Panaromic Gas Mask * MKE NEFES
CBRN Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN defence) are protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defence consist ...
Gas Mask *SR6 and SR6M NBC Respirator licensed production. * SR10 and SR10 ST Gas Masks


Museums of the MKE

* MKE Industry and Technology Museum (
Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, mak ...
) *
Kırıkkale MKE Weapons Industry Museum Kırıkkale MKE Weapon Industry Museum ( tr, MKE Silah Sanayi Müzesi) is a museum in Kırıkkale, Turkey. It is at . Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation The Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation ( tr, Makina ve Kimya Endüstr ...
(
Kırıkkale Kırıkkale is the capital of the Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 280,83 ...
)


Sports clubs associated with the MKE

* MKE Ankaragücü * MKE Kırıkkalespor * MKE Çankırıspor * MKE Gazi Fişek Spor * MKE Maske Spor


References


External links


Official website
{{authority control Manufacturing companies established in 1950 Defence companies of Turkey Manufacturing companies based in Ankara Government-owned companies of Turkey Turkish companies established in 1950 Engineering companies of Turkey Aircraft manufacturers of Turkey Ministry of National Defense (Turkey) Turkish brands Science and technology in Turkey