Mary L. Gray
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Mary L. Gray is an American anthropologist and author. She is a Fellow at
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of high ...
's Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society, as well as a Senior Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research. Along with her research, Gray teaches at
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. Campuses Indiana University has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration of IUPUI. *Indiana Universi ...
, maintaining an appointment as an Associate Professor of the Media School, with affiliations in American Studies,
Anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of be ...
, and Gender Studies. In 2020, she was awarded a
MacArthur Genius Grant The MacArthur Fellows Program, also known as the MacArthur Fellowship and commonly but unofficially known as the "Genius Grant", is a prize awarded annually by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation typically to between 20 and 30 ind ...
in recognition of her work "investigating the ways in which labor, identity, and human rights are transformed by the digital economy."


Education

In 1992, Gray completed a B.A. in anthropology and Native American studies at
University of California, Davis The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a public land-grant research university near Davis, California. Named a Public Ivy, it is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University of California system. The inst ...
. Her senior project explored the role of contemporary Alaskan Native single mothers in subsistence economies. Her advisors were
David Risling David Risling Jr. (April 10, 1921 in Morek, Humboldt County, California – March 13, 2005 in Davis, California) was a Native American ( Hoopa) educator and rights activist who was often referred to as "The Father of Indian Education". Life and ...
and William G. Davis. In 1999, Gray earned a M.A. in anthropology from
San Francisco State University San Francisco State University (commonly referred to as San Francisco State, SF State and SFSU) is a public research university in San Francisco. As part of the 23-campus California State University system, the university offers 118 different ...
. Her thesis was on queer youth narratives, the topic of her first book. Gray's advisors were John Paul De Cecco and
Gilbert Herdt Gilbert H. Herdt (born February 24, 1949) is Emeritus Professor of Human Sexuality Studies and Anthropology and a Founder of the Department of Sexuality Studies and National Sexuality Resource Center at San Francisco State University. He founded ...
. She completed a Ph.D. in communication at
University of California, San Diego The University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego or colloquially, UCSD) is a public land-grant research university in San Diego, California. Established in 1960 near the pre-existing Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego is t ...
in 2004. Gray's doctoral advisors were
Susan Leigh Star Susan Leigh Star (1954–2010) was an American sociologist. She specialized in the study of information in modern society; information worlds; information infrastructure; classification and standardization; sociology of science; sociology of w ...
and Olga Vásquez. Her dissertation was titled ''Coming of Age in a Digital Era: Youth Queering Technologies in Small Town, USA''.


Career

Gray's early works explore the experiences of
LGBTQ ' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is ...
youth, with a particular focus on the lives of those in rural areas. Her book ''Out in the Country: Youth, Media, and Queer Visibility in Rural America'' examined how queer young people use digital tools to connect with and create community, challenging the primacy of urban areas as the focus of LGBTQ experience. Gray's most recent book, ''Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley from Building a New Global Underclass,'' takes a deep dive into the depths of the "ghosts" or, human labor force, that allow some of the internet's largest websites to run smoothly. The book takes a look at big companies, like
Google Google LLC () is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company focusing on Search Engine, search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, software, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, ar ...
and
Amazon Amazon most often refers to: * Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek mythology * Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin * Amazon River, in South America * Amazon (company), an American multinational technolog ...
, that use these "ghost workers" to do things like censor their sites while trying to pass it off as AI.


Awards

* Ruth Benedict Prize * MacArthur Fellows Program 2020


Selected works

* * * * Reviews of Ghost Work: * * * See also Ghost Work.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Gray, Mary L. Year of birth missing (living people) Living people American women anthropologists Artificial intelligence ethicists 21st-century American anthropologists 21st-century American non-fiction writers 21st-century American women writers Microsoft employees Indiana University Bloomington faculty American women non-fiction writers Berkman Fellows University of California, Davis alumni University of California, San Diego alumni San Francisco State University alumni MacArthur Fellows