300px, Administrative regions of West Prussia: The Marienwerder Region () was a government region (''

Regierungsbezirk A ' () means "governmental district" and is a type of administrative division in Germany. Four of sixteen ' ( states of Germany) are split into '. Beneath these are rural and urban districts. Saxony has ' (directorate districts) with more res ...

'') of

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was '' de facto'' dissolved by an ...

from 1815 until 1920 and again 1939-1945. It was a part of the Province of West Prussia from 1815 to 1829, and again 1878–1920, belonging to the

Province of Prussia The Province of Prussia (; ; pl, Prowincja Prusy; csb, Prowincjô Prësë) was a province of Prussia from 1829 to 1878. Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1829 from the provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia ...

in the intervening years, and to the

Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia (german: Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany created on 8 October 1939 from annexed territory of the Free City of Danzig, the Greater Pomeranian Voivodship (Polish Corridor) ...

in the years 1939-1945. The regional capital was Marienwerder in

West Prussia The Province of West Prussia (german: Provinz Westpreußen; csb, Zôpadné Prësë; pl, Prusy Zachodnie) was a province of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and 1878 to 1920. West Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 177 ...

(now

Kwidzyn Kwidzyn (pronounced ; german: Marienwerder; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River, with 38,553 inhabitants (2018). It is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Geog ...

History

Most of

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin scree ...

Royal Prussia Royal Prussia ( pl, Prusy Królewskie; german: Königlich-Preußen or , csb, Królewsczé Prësë) or Polish PrussiaAnton Friedrich Büsching, Patrick Murdoch. ''A New System of Geography'', London 1762p. 588/ref> (Polish: ; German: ) was a ...

was annexed by King

Frederick the Great Frederick II (german: Friedrich II.; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was King in Prussia from 1740 until 1772, and King of Prussia from 1772 until his death in 1786. His most significant accomplishments include his military successes in the Sil ...

of Prussia in the 1772 First Partition of Poland. The town of Marienwerder, previously in

Ducal Prussia The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the region of Prussia establishe ...

, became an administrative capital of the newly acquired territory, which became the Province of West Prussia on 31 January 1773. West Prussia was divided into the regions of Danzig and Marienwerder in 1815, following the

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

. While the governor and provincial authorities were based in Danzig (Gdańsk), the (1772-1943) was in the homonymous town. From 1815 to 1818, West Prussia was reorganised into ''

districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

'' (or Kreise), within each government region. The Marienwerder Region included the rural districts (''Kreise'') of (1818-1920), (1887-1920), (1772-1945), Flatow (1818-1945), (1818-1920), (1772-1920), (1818-1920),

Marienwerder Kwidzyn (pronounced ; german: Marienwerder; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River, with 38,553 inhabitants (2018). It is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Geog ...

(1752-1945), (1818-1945), Schlochau (1818-1945), (1818-1920), (1818-1920), (1818-1945), (1818-1920), and (1875-1920). Up until 1920, the Marienwerder Region comprised the urban districts (''Stadtkreise'') of Graudenz (Grudziądz) and Thorn (Toruń), both established on 1 January 1900. The Marienwerder Region was placed under an

inter-Allied commission The term Military Inter-Allied Commission of Control was used in a series of peace treaties concluded after the First World War (1914–1918) between different countries. Each of these treaties was concluded between the Principal Allied and A ...

from 1920 to 1922 and was eventually divided, with the western districts included within the newly established Polish Republic as part of the so-called

Polish Corridor The Polish Corridor (german: Polnischer Korridor; pl, Pomorze, Polski Korytarz), also known as the Danzig Corridor, Corridor to the Sea or Gdańsk Corridor, was a territory located in the region of Pomerelia ( Pomeranian Voivodeship, easter ...

. The eastern part of Marienwerder that voted to be incorporated within the

Weimar Republic The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is al ...

was named the Region of West Prussia () while it was joined to the

Province of East Prussia East Prussia ; german: Ostpreißen, label=Low Prussian; pl, Prusy Wschodnie; lt, Rytų Prūsija was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871 ...

from 1922 to 1939, after which the original Marienwerder Region was restored until its dissolution in 1945.

Demographics

Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder had a majority German population, with a large

minority.

Districts 1818 to 1920

Urban districts

# Thorn (1900-1920; 1939-1945), disentangled from Thorn District # Graudenz (1900-1920; 1939-1945), disentangled from Graudenz District

Rural districts

# (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Culm upon Vistula # (1887-1920; 1939-1945), based in Briesen in West Prussia # (1772-1945), based in Deutsch-Krone # Flatow (1818-1945), based in Flatow # (1818-1920), based in Graudenz # (1772-1920; 1939-1945), based in Konitz #

Löbau Löbau (Upper Sorbian: Lubij) is a city in the east of Saxony, Germany, in the traditional region of Upper Lusatia. It is situated between the slopes of the Löbauer Berg and the fertile hilly area of the Upper Lusatian Mountains. It is the gate ...

(1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Löbau in West Prussia #

(1752-1945), based in Marienwerder in West Prussia # Rosenberg (1818-1945), based in Rosenberg in West Prussia # Schlochau (1818-1945), based in Schlochau # (1818-1920), based in Schwetz # (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Strasburg in West Prussia #

Stuhm Sztum () (; formerly german: Stuhm) is a town in northern Poland in the region, located in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is the capital of Sztum County, with some 10,141 inhabitants (2004). History Signs of settlement dating back to the Roma ...

(1818-1945), based in

# (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Thorn # (1875-1920; 1939-1945), based in Tuchel

Regional presidents

Each of the nineteen ''Regierungsbezirke'' featured a non-

legislative A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known a ...

governing body A governing body is a group of people that has the authority to exercise governance over an organization or political entity. The most formal is a government, a body whose sole responsibility and authority is to make binding decisions in a taken ge ...

called a ''Regierungspräsidium'' or ''Bezirksregierung'' (regional government) headed by a ''Regierungspräsident'' (regional president), concerned mostly with applying

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * '' Our ...

law to administrative decisions on municipalities within their jurisdiction and their umbrella organisations (the

).Regional Governments in France, Germany, Poland and The Netherlands (HTML version of PowerPoint presentation)
– Cachet, A (coordinator),

Erasmus University Erasmus University Rotterdam (abbreviated as ''EUR'', nl, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam ) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century humanis ...

Rotterdam Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"Ne ...

* 1814–1823 : Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel the Younger (1775–1843) * 1823–1825 : Johann Carl Rothe (1771–1853) * 1825–1830 : Eduard von Flottwell (1786–1865) * 1830–1850 : (1785–1854) * 1850–1875 : Botho Heinrich zu Eulenburg (1804–1879) * 1875–1881 : (1829–1909) * 1881–1891 : (1832–1904) * 1891–1901 : (1833–1911) * 1901–1905 : (1853–1930) * 1905–1920 : (1858–1931) * 1939–1945 :

Literature

* Michael Rademacher:
Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Preußen, Provinz Westpreußen
'' (2006) * E. Jacobson: ''Topographisch-statistisches Handbuch für den Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder'', Danzig 1868
Online, Google
.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marienwerder (region) States and territories disestablished in 1945 West Prussia Government regions of Prussia States and territories established in 1815 1815 establishments in Prussia 1920 disestablishments in Germany 1939 establishments in Germany 1945 disestablishments in Germany