Mara languages
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Maran or Maric is an extinct branch of the Pama–Nyungan family of Australian languages formerly spoken throughout much of
Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , establishe ...
by many of the
Murri people Murri may refer to: People * Augusto Murri (1841-1932), Italian physician * Romolo Murri (1870-1944), Italian politician and ecclesiastic * Serafino Murri (b. 1966), Italian film critic, screenwriter, and film director Culture * Murri people, Abo ...
s. The well attested Maric languages are clearly related; however, many languages of the area became extinct before much could be documented of them, and their classification is uncertain. The clear Maric languages are: : Bidyara (numerous varieties) : Biri (several varieties) : Warrungu (& Gugu-Badhun, Gudjal) :( Kingkel?):
Darumbal The Darumbal people, also spelt Dharumbal, are the Aboriginal Australians that have traditionally occupied Central Queensland, speaking dialects of the Darumbal language. Darumbal people of the Keppel Islands and surrounding regions are sometime ...
Dharumbal was added by Bowern (2011); it had been classified in the Kingkel branch of Waka–Kabic. It is not clear if the other Kingkel language, Bayali, is also Maric; Bayali and Darumbal are not close.


Unclassified languages

Ngaro and Giya (Bumbarra), spoken on the coast, may also have been Maric, the latter perhaps a dialect of Biri. Of the interior, to the west, Breen (2007) writes of "
Karna Karna (Sanskrit: कर्ण, IAST: ''Karṇa''), also known as Vasusena, Anga-raja, and Radheya, is one of the main protagonists of the Hindu epic '' Mahābhārata''. He is the son of the sun god Surya and princess Kunti (mother of the ...
–Mari fringe" languages which are "a discontinuous group of languages, mostly poorly attested, scattered between Karnic and Mari languages but not showing much connection with either or with one another. The only one well attested is also the most remote geographically, Kalkutungu". This includes the Ngura languages, several of which belong to the Karnic branch of Pama–Nyungan (such as the Wilson River dialects spoken by the Galali and Wangkumara, though not the Bulloo River dialects spoken by the same). However, Bowern (2011) lists the Badjiri variety as Maric. Other poorly attested interior languages which may have been Maric include
Ngaygungu Ngaygungu people (also known as Ngaygungyi, Ngȋ-koongō-ī or Ngai-kungo-i) are the people from the Atherton, Queensland area who spoke, or whose ancestors once spoke, the Ngaygungu language. Range The Ngai-kungo-i were formally identified as ...
(Dixon 2002), Bindal (Bowern 2011), Barna (Bowern 2011), Dhungaloo (doubtful in Bowern, not listed at AIATSIS), and
Yirandhali The Yirandhali are an indigenous Australian people, who lived in the area of the present day Shire of Flinders in the state of Queensland. Language Yirandhali may possibly. according to Robert Dixon, belong to the Maric branch of the Pama–N ...
(Dixon, Bowern). Yiman near the coast was ethnically Bidjara. Dixon's "Greater Maric" area listed in Bowern (2011) also includes Guwa (Goa) and Yanda. See also
Karnic languages The Karnic languages are a group of languages of the Pama–Nyungan family. According to Dixon (2002), these are three separate families, but Bowern (2001) establishes regular paradigmatic connections among many of the languages, demonstrating ...
for additional varieties from the area.


See also

* Pama–Maran languages


References

Indigenous Australian languages in Queensland {{ia-lang-stub