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The ''Mar de Grau'' ( es, Grau's Sea) is the official name for the body of water in the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...
under the control of the
South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ...
n country of
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
. This body of water extends in length approximately 3,079.50 km, from the parallel of the Boca de Capones in northern Peru to the parallel of the ''Punto Concordia'' and the parallel in front of the city of
Tacna Tacna is a city in southern Peru and the regional capital of the Tacna Region. A very commercially active city, it is located only north of the border with Arica y Parinacota Region from Chile, inland from the Pacific Ocean and in the valley ...
in southern Peru. In terms of width, the maritime zone extends from the Peruvian coast to 200
nautical mile A nautical mile is a unit of length used in air, marine, and space navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters. Historically, it was defined as the meridian arc length corresponding to one minute ( of a degree) of latitude. Today t ...
s (370.4 km) into the Pacific Ocean. This maritime domain was officially named on May 24, 1984, in honor of
Miguel Grau Seminario Miguel María Grau Seminario (27 July 1834 – 8 October 1879) was the most renowned Peruvian naval officer and hero of the naval battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). He was known as ''el Caballero de los Mares'' (Sp ...
, a Peruvian military officer described in Peru and
Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
as a hero from the
War of the Pacific The War of the Pacific ( es, link=no, Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War ( es, link=no, Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought ...
fought against
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
. During the war, Grau led the defense of the Peruvian and Bolivian coasts by holding off the
Chilean Navy The Chilean Navy ( es, Armada de Chile) is the naval warfare service branch of the Chilean Armed Forces. It is under the Ministry of National Defense. Its headquarters are at Edificio Armada de Chile, Valparaiso. History Origins and the Wa ...
for six consecutive months, ultimately dying at sea amidst the decisive
Battle of Angamos The Battle of Angamos ( es, Combate de Angamos) was a naval encounter of the War of the Pacific fought between the navies of Chile and Perú at Punta Angamos, on 8 October 1879. The battle was the culminating point of a naval campaign that las ...
.


See also

* Chilean–Peruvian maritime dispute *
Humboldt Current The Humboldt Current, also called the Peru Current, is a cold, low- salinity ocean current that flows north along the western coast of South America.Montecino, Vivian, and Carina B. Lange. "The Humboldt Current System: Ecosystem components and p ...
*
Miguel Grau Seminario Miguel María Grau Seminario (27 July 1834 – 8 October 1879) was the most renowned Peruvian naval officer and hero of the naval battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). He was known as ''el Caballero de los Mares'' (Sp ...
*
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...
*
War of the Pacific The War of the Pacific ( es, link=no, Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War ( es, link=no, Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought ...


References


Bibliography

* "''El Perú en los tiempos antiguos''", Julio R. Villanueva Sotomayor, Empresa Periodística Nacional SAC, Lima, y Quebecor World Perú S.A. 2001 * "''El Perú en los tiempos modernos''", Julio R. Villanueva Sotomayor, Empresa Periodística Nacional SAC, Lima, y Quebecor World Perú S.A. 2002 * "''Atlas del Perú''", Juan Augusto Benavides Estrada, Editorial Escuela Nueva, Lima. 1995 * "''Historia de la República del Perú 822-1933'", Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Orbis Ventures SAC, 1939, 2005, Lima *


External links


Marina de Guerra del Perú

Noticiero sobre tratados limítrofes con Chile Parte 1

Noticiero sobre tratados limítrofes con Chile Parte 2

Decreto Supremo Nº 781 del Perú de 1947

La frontera marítima en la región sur del Perú
{{List of seas Pacific Ocean Bodies of water of Peru