{{family name hatnote, Mao (毛), lang=Chinese} Mao Qiling ({{zh, t=毛奇齡, s=毛奇龄, p=Máo Qílíng, w=Mao Ch'i-ling; 1623–1716) was a Chinese scholar and philologist of the early Qing Dynasty. A native of Xiaoshan in Zhejiang province, he became a licentiate at the age of fifteen '' sui''.{{sfn, Tu, 1943, p=563 After the fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644, he refused to serve the

Qing The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaki ...

. In 1679, however, he took part in and passed a special honorary examination held by the Kangxi Emperor to attract scholars who had not yet announced their allegiance to the new dynasty.{{sfn, Tu, 1943, p=563 He was then appointed to the compilation of the official '' History of Ming''.{{sfn, Tu, 1943, p=563 After retiring from office in 1687, he went to live in Hangzhou (Zhejiang), where he taught many disciples.{{sfn, Tu, 1943, p=563 A scholar of wide learning, Mao compiled works on the

Confucian Classics Chinese classic texts or canonical texts () or simply dianji (典籍) refers to the Chinese texts which originated before the imperial unification by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, particularly the "Four Books and Five Classics" of the Neo-Confucian ...

and on phonetics, music, history, and geography.{{sfn, Tu, 1943, p=564 After Mao's death his writings were collected and published as an eighty-volume work, ''The Collected Works of Xihe'' ("Xihe" was a popular pseudonym of Mao's).{{sfn, Legge, 1893, p=20 He was famous for vehemently opposing the orthodox commentaries on the Classics by Song-dynasty Neo-Confucians like Zhu Xi.{{sfnm, Wang, 2008, 1p=107, Elman, 2001, 2p=89 He also unsuccessfully attacked

Yan Ruoju Yan Ruoqu (; November 11, 1636 – July 9, 1704) was an influential Chinese scholar of the early Qing dynasty. He was born to a scholarly family in Taiyuan, Shanxi. Yan Ruoqu is most famous for proving that the "Old Text" chapters of the Confuc ...

's demonstration that the Old Text chapters of the

Book of Documents The ''Book of Documents'' (''Shūjīng'', earlier ''Shu King'') or ''Classic of History'', also known as the ''Shangshu'' (“Venerated Documents”), is one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. It is a collection of rhetorica ...

(one of the Five Classics) were

Han-dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warr ...

forgeries.{{sfnm, Elman, 2001, 1pp=237–9, Tu, 1943, 2p=564 In the ''Shang shu guangting fu'' (Record of a broad understanding of the documents), Mao presented criticism of the earlier association between the early nonary cosmographic schemes and the Luoshu.{{sfn, Henderson, 1995, p=224

Notes

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Bibliography

{{refbegin *{{citation, last=Elman, first=Benjamin A., title=From Philosophy to Philology: Intellectual and Social Aspects of Change in Late Imperial China, year=2001, publisher=UCLA Asian Pacific Monograph Series, location=Los Angeles, isbn=1-883191-05-X. *{{citation, last=Henderson, first=John B., year=1995, chapter=Chinese Cosmographical Thought: The High Intellectual Tradition, title=History of Cartography, Volume Two, Book Two, Cartography in the Traditional East and Southeast Asian Societies, pages=203–27, editor=J. B. Harley , editor2=David Woodward. *{{citation, last=Legge, first=James, year=1893, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUCZEPUyvBAC, chapter=Prolegomena, editor-last=James Legge (transl.), title=The Confucian Analects, The Great Learning & The Doctrine of the Mean, location=Reprint: New York, NY, publisher=Cosimo, 2009, isbn=978-1-60520-644-8. *{{cite ECCP, last=Tu, first=Lien-chê, title=Mao Ch'i-ling, pages=563–564, year=1943 *{{citation, last=Wang, first=Hui, title=Translating Chinese Classics in a Colonial Context, year=2008, publisher=Peter Lang, location=Bern, isbn=978-3-03911-631-7. {{refend {{Authority control {{DEFAULTSORT:Mao, Qiling Chinese scholars Chinese Confucianists Qing dynasty philosophers 1623 births 1716 deaths Qing dynasty writers Writers from Hangzhou Philosophers from Zhejiang