''Malapterurus electricus'' is a thickset fish with six mouth barbels and a single fin on its back, just anterior to the rounded tail fin. It is brownish or grayish, irregularly spotted with black, and attains a length and weight of about and ''M. electricus'' is capable of generating and controlling the discharge of up to 450 volts of electricity. It uses its power to defend itself and to capture prey.

Distribution

In Africa, it occurs in the Nile and tropical Africa (exclusive of

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and Senegal basins.

Biology

Occurs among rock favors standing water. Active at night, feeding mainly on fish stunned by electric shocks. The electric organ, capable of discharging 300-400 V, is derived from pectoral muscle and surrounds almost the entire body. It is used both for prey capture and defense

Life history

This is an Old World catfish. It is reputed that Doctors in ancient Egypt used shocks from the Electric Catfish to reduce the pain of

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. This trait is still used today in some areas. It also has the earliest reference of them as hieroglyphics on the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs some 5,000 years ago.

Economy

''Malapterurus electricus'' is eaten as food in parts of Africa. Being a food fish, ''M. electricus'' is also encountered in the pet trade as an aquarium fish. The electric organs of ''Malapterurus'' have been used in studies of neuronal metabolism, axonal transport.

Reproduction

In their natural habitat they form pairs and lay their eggs in excavated cavities or holes. The male takes the eggs into his mouth. There have been rumours that they are mouth brooders. It is also unknown how the fry is immune to the electric shocks by the parents

In the aquarium

''Malapterurus electricus'' is sometimes encountered in aquarium supply stores. It can reach a maximum length of over in the wild, but has an average size of in the aquarium. It is quite hardy and greedily accepts most foods, although some experimentation may be required to find the best food. The only other animals that are compatible with this species are snails, which they will ignore. A minimum aquarium size of is required, with bogwood or pieces of PVC pipe. They are active burrowers and will often remove the gravel from under their favorite hiding spot. A minimum temperature of is necessary. It is illegal to possess any species of electric catfish for personal or commercial use in Florida.