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The ''Macquarie Dictionary'' () is a
dictionary A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged alphabetically (or by radical and stroke for ideographic languages), which may include information on definitions, usage, etymologies ...
of
Australian English Australian English (AusE, AusEng, AuE, AuEng, en-AU) is the set of varieties of the English language native to Australia. It is the country's common language and ''de facto'' national language; while Australia has no official language, Engli ...
. It is generally considered by universities and the legal profession to be the authoritative source on Australian English. It also pays considerable attention to
New Zealand English New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...
. Originally it was a publishing project of Jacaranda Press, a Brisbane educational publisher, for which an editorial committee was formed, largely from the Linguistics department of
Macquarie University Macquarie University ( ) is a public research university based in Sydney, Australia, in the suburb of Macquarie Park. Founded in 1964 by the New South Wales Government, it was the third university to be established in the metropolitan area of S ...
in Sydney, Australia. It is now published by Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, an imprint of Pan Macmillan Australia Pty Ltd. In October 2007 it moved its editorial office from Macquarie University to the
University of Sydney The University of Sydney (USYD), also known as Sydney University, or informally Sydney Uni, is a public research university located in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 1850, it is the oldest university in Australia and is one of the country's si ...
, and later to the Pan Macmillan offices in the Sydney central business district. In addition to its two-volume flagship dictionary, shorter editions including the ''Macquarie Shorter Dictionary'', ''Macquarie Concise Dictionary'', ''Macquarie Budget Dictionary'' and ''Macquarie Little Dictionary'' are published.


History

The first seven editions of the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' were edited by lexicographer Susan Butler, who joined the project in 1970 as a research assistant, and was its chief editor by the time the first edition was published in 1981. Butler retired as the ''Macquaries editor in March 2018 after 48 years with the publisher. A detailed history of the dictionary and its associated publications is Pat Manser's ''More Than Words: The Making of the Macquarie Dictionary'' (Sydney: Macquarie Dictionary, 2021).


First Edition

The original version of the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' was based on Hamlyn's ''Encyclopedic World Dictionary'' of 1971, which in turn was based on
Random House Random House is an American book publisher and the largest general-interest paperback publisher in the world. The company has several independently managed subsidiaries around the world. It is part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by Germ ...
's ''
American College Dictionary The ''American College Dictionary'' was the first Random House dictionary and was later expanded to create the ''Random House Dictionary of the English Language''. First published in 1947, ''The American College Dictionary'' was edited by Clarenc ...
'' of 1947, which was based on the 1927 '' New Century Dictionary'', which was based on ''
The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language ''The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language'': ''A Complete Encyclopedic Lexicon, Literary, Scientific, and Technological'', edited by Rev. John Ogilvie (1797–1867), was an expansion of the 1841 second edition of Noah Webster's ''American ...
'', which itself was based on Noah Webster's ''
American Dictionary of the English Language ''Webster's Dictionary'' is any of the English language dictionaries edited in the early 19th century by American lexicographer Noah Webster (1758–1843), as well as numerous related or unrelated dictionaries that have adopted the Webster's n ...
'' second edition of 1841. The first edition had an introduction by Australian historian
Manning Clark Charles Manning Hope Clark, (3 March 1915 – 23 May 1991) was an Australian historian and the author of the best-known general history of Australia, his six-volume ''A History of Australia'', published between 1962 and 1987. He has been descri ...
. Since its first publication in 1981, its use has grown so that it has come to rival longer-established dictionaries from elsewhere in the English-speaking world as a standard authority on the English language within Australia.


Second Edition

The second edition was published in 1991 and introduced encyclopaedic content to many entries. It has an introduction by Australian author
Donald Horne Donald Richmond Horne (26 December 1921 – 8 September 2005) was an Australian journalist, writer, social critic, and academic who became one of Australia's best known public intellectuals, from the 1960s until his death. Horne was a prol ...
.


Third Edition

The third edition, published in 1997, made use of an in-house corpus of Australian writing, Ozcorp, to add a large number of examples of Australian usage, to give some of the flavour of an historical dictionary. This edition also gave a good coverage of English in Asia. It has an introduction by Australian author
David Malouf David George Joseph Malouf AO (; born 20 March 1934) is an Australian poet, novelist, short story writer, playwright and librettist. Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2008, Malouf has lectured at both the University of Quee ...
.


Fourth Edition

The fourth edition, published in 2005, increases the number of citations, includes etymologies for many phrases and pays particular attention to Australian regionalisms. It has an introduction by Australian author
Thomas Keneally Thomas Michael Keneally, AO (born 7 October 1935) is an Australian novelist, playwright, essayist, and actor. He is best known for his non-fiction novel ''Schindler's Ark'', the story of Oskar Schindler's rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, wh ...
.


Fifth Edition

The fifth edition was published in October 2009 and places particular emphasis on words relating to the environment and
climate change In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to E ...
. It has an introduction by the then Australian Governor-General
Quentin Bryce Dame Quentin Alice Louise Bryce, (née Strachan; born 23 December 1942) is an Australian academic who served as the 25th governor-general of Australia from 2008 to 2014. She is the first woman to have held the position, and was previously the ...
.


Sixth Edition

The sixth edition was published in October 2013 and includes an update of new words and senses as well as words and phrases from other varieties of English that impinge on Australian English, such as British English, American English and English in Southeast Asia, China and India. It has an introduction by Australian author Les Murray.


Seventh Edition

The seventh edition of the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' was published on 28 February 2017. With a foreword by
Kate Grenville Catherine Elizabeth Grenville (born 1950) is an Australian author. She has published fifteen books, including fiction, non-fiction, biography, and books about the writing process. In 2001, she won the Orange Prize for '' The Idea of Perfectio ...
, this latest edition includes thousands of new words and senses along with Australian regionalisms and a collection of words from the Australian experience in WW1. It has an introduction by Australian author
Kate Grenville Catherine Elizabeth Grenville (born 1950) is an Australian author. She has published fifteen books, including fiction, non-fiction, biography, and books about the writing process. In 2001, she won the Orange Prize for '' The Idea of Perfectio ...
.


Eighth Edition

The eighth edition of the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' was published on 28 July 2020. With a foreword by
Kim Scott Kim Scott (born 18 February 1957) is an Australian novelist of Aboriginal Australian ancestry. He is a descendant of the Noongar people of Western Australia. Biography Scott was born in Perth in 1957 and is the eldest of four siblings with a ...
, the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' Eighth Edition features 3500 new entries, including up-to-date entries on the
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...
.


Preferred spellings

The dictionary records standard Australian English spelling, which is closer to
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...
than
American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...
spelling, with spellings like ''colour'', ''centre'', ''defence'' and ''practice/practise'' (noun/verb). It gives ''-ise'' spellings first, listing ''-ize'' spellings as acceptable variants, unlike the ''
Oxford English Dictionary The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (''OED'') is the first and foundational historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a com ...
'' and some other dictionaries of British English, which continue to prefer ''-ize'' to ''-ise'' in spite of the opposite tendency amongst the British general public (see
Oxford spelling Oxford spelling (also ''Oxford English Dictionary'' spelling, Oxford style, or Oxford English spelling) is a spelling standard, named after its use by the University of Oxford, that prescribes the use of British spelling in combination with th ...
). ''Labour'', however, is spelt ''Labor'', when referring to the Australian political party. One difference from British spelling is the word ''program'', which the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' gives as the preferred spelling.


Collaborations


Word of the Year

Each year the editors select a short-list of new words added to the dictionary, and invite the public to vote on their favourite. The public vote is held in January and results in the People's Choice winner. There is also a word selected by a committee.


Word for Word podcast

I
Word for Word
the team behind the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' explores the surprising history behind everyday words and phrases, goes behind the scenes with the dictionary editors, and meets some of Australia's most interesting word lovers, from
Scrabble ''Scrabble'' is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles, each bearing a single letter, onto a game board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares. The tiles must form words that, in crossword fashion, read left t ...
champions to hip-hop artists.


Versions

A number of smaller versions are available, including a pocket edition, as well as companion volumes such as a
thesaurus A thesaurus (plural ''thesauri'' or ''thesauruses'') or synonym dictionary is a reference work for finding synonyms and sometimes antonyms of words. They are often used by writers to help find the best word to express an idea: Synonym diction ...
. The latest edition of the main complete version of the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' is th
eighth
published in 2020. Both the complete dictionary and a student dictionary are available as
iOS iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone; the term also includes ...
applications.


''Macquarie Dictionary'' Online

The ''Macquarie Dictionary Online'' is the most comprehensive and up-to-date version of the dictionary available, with new words, phrases, and definitions added twice annually. It has the greatest coverage of encyclopaedic and non-encyclopaedic entries across the Macquarie range, as well as offering spoken pronunciations
Subscriptions
are available to the complete version as well as a student version.


Apps

The ''Macquarie Dictionary'' is available in two
IOS iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone; the term also includes ...
br>app editions
the Macquarie Dictionary Complete app, and the Macquarie School Dictionary app.


See also

*
WordGenius WordGenius is a system for publishing dictionaries and reference books electronically, based on technology from Eurofield Information Systems. The Unabridged and College versions of the ''Random House Dictionary'' known as ''Random House Webster's ...


References


External links


''Macquarie Dictionary'' Online
{{Dictionaries of English 1981 non-fiction books Australian books Australian English English dictionaries Online English dictionaries Macquarie University University of Sydney Macmillan Publishers books