Märt Meos (16 January 1881 – 1 March 1966), was an Estonian educator and politician.

Career

Meos was born on 16 January 1881 in

Tarvastu Tarvastu () is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. It's located about a kilometer east of Mustla. Tarvastu has a population of 99 (as of 2006). The village is passed by the Tarvastu River and the Viljandi–Rõngu road (no. 52 ...

Viljandi County Viljandi County ( or ''Viljandimaa''; ) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in southern Estonia bordering Pärnu, Järva, Jõgeva, Tartu and Valga counties as well as Latvia. History Viljandimaa, under the German name of ''Krei ...

; he was the son of Märt Meos, a farm-owner, and his wife Anu, ''née'' Raudjalg. He studied in Tarvastu-Kuresaar rural school and Tarvastu parish school before studying at the . After graduating in 1901, he taught at Vana-Lõve ministry school (1901–02), and then the

Kärstna Kärstna is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. Kärstna manor Kärstna () manor traces its history back to 1678, wh ...

ministry school, where he was headteacher (1902–07). He was also head of the

Väike-Maarja Väike-Maarja () is a Populated places in Estonia, small borough () in Lääne-Viru County, Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Väike-Maarja Parish. The population of Väike-Maarja in January 2023 was 2,155 people. Väike-Maarja Chu ...

parish school from 1907 to 1919, when he became the

Viru County Virumaa (; Low German: ''Wierland''; Old Norse: ''Virland'') is a former independent county in Ancient Estonia. Now it is divided into Ida-Viru County or Eastern Vironia and Lääne-Viru County or Western Vironia. Vironians built many strongho ...

school counselor (''koolinõunik'')."Meos, Märt"
'' Eesti Avalikud Tegelased'' (Tartu, 1932), p. 183. Meos was also active in politics. He joined the Provincial Assembly of the

Autonomous Governorate of Estonia The Autonomous Governorate of Estonia of the Russian state was established as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and ceased to exist prior to Estonia becoming a fully independent country in 1918. History For most of the time during th ...

on 27 November 1918, replacing Herman Kask. He served for the duration of the term, which last until 23 April 1919. He did not sit in the national legislature again, but he was an important figure in the reforms to Viru County's education system after Estonian independence. He continued to work as the county's school counsellor until 1944, when he retired (by that time, the position had been renamed school inspector, or ''koolide inspektor'', following the Soviet model)."koolinõunik"
''Eesti Entsüklopeedia''. Retrieved 4 March 2019. He then taught

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

at Väike-Maarja High School but in the 1950s his house in Väike-Maarja was nationalised by the

Estonian SSR The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, (abbreviated Estonian SSR, Soviet Estonia, or simply Estonia ) was an administrative subunit ( union republic) of the former Soviet Union (USSR), covering the occupied and annexed territory of Estonia ...

and he was removed from his teaching post; he managed to regain the right to live in his house, and was restored in his post, but retired in 1957. He moved to

Viljandi Viljandi (, , , , ) is a Populated places in Estonia, town and Municipalities of Estonia, municipality in southern Estonia with a population of 17,255 in 2024. It is the capital of Viljandi County and is geographically located between two major ...

in 1960 and died on 1 March 1966."Eesti kooliuuendaja Märt Meos"
''Väike-Maarja Muuseum'' n Estonian Retrieved 4 March 2019.

Bibliography

Meos authored the following works: * ''Avaldanud brogüüri Meie kool'' (1922), * ''Kuidas õpetada lugema ja kirjutama'' (1925), * ''Kooliaed'' (1928) * ''Vaatlusi ja harjutusi õigekirja õppimiseks:'' ** ''Ja II'' (1929), ** ''III ja IV'' (1930), ** ''Ja VI'' (1931)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Meos, Märt 1881 births 1966 deaths 20th-century Estonian educators Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly People from Viljandi Parish Politicians from Viljandi County