Mikhail Yegorovich Vaschenko-ZakharchenkoJoseph W. Dauben,Christoph J. Scriba (Ed.): Writing the History of Mathematics: Its Historical Development. Basel – Boston – Berlin 2002. P. 552.
/ref> (russian: Михаи́л Его́рович Ва́щенко-Заха́рченко, uk, Миха́йло Єго́рович Ва́щенко-Заха́рченко) (October 31 (old style) (November 12) 1825 in Malievka, Zolotonosha uyezd,

Poltava Governorate The Poltava Governorate (russian: Полтавская губерния, Poltavskaya guberniya; ua, Полтавська Губернія, translit=Poltavska huberniia) or Poltavshchyna was a Governorate (Russia), gubernia (also called a provin ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

– August 14 (old style) (August 27) 1912 in

Kiev Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

, (present-day Kyiv,

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

)) was a

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change. History On ...

, member of

Moscow Mathematical Society The Moscow Mathematical Society (MMS) is a society of Moscow mathematicians aimed at the development of mathematics in Russia. It was created in 1864, and Victor Vassiliev is the current president. History The first meeting of the society wa ...

from 1866 and

Privy Councillor A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mon ...

of Russia from 1908. His major areas of research included the

history of geometry Geometry (from the grc, γεωμετρία; '' geo-'' "earth", '' -metron'' "measurement") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the stu ...

in antiquity and

Lobachevskian geometry In mathematics, hyperbolic geometry (also called Lobachevskian geometry or Bolyai– Lobachevskian geometry) is a non-Euclidean geometry. The parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced with: :For any given line ''R'' and point ''P'' ...

. Mikhail Vaschenko-Zakharchenko was married on Vera Nikolayevna Vaschenko-Zakharchenko (née Mel'nickaya), the founder of the First Private Kiev Gymnasium for women.

Biography

Vaschenko-Zakharchenko was born in noble family of Ukrainian descent. He studied in Zolotonosha uyezd college and the 2nd Kiev Gymnasium. His mathematical education he received partially in the

Kiev University Kyiv University or Shevchenko University or officially the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv ( uk, Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка), colloquially known as KNU ...

, partially in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

. Since 1867 — a

professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who pr ...

of the

. From the start of 1870s Vaschenko-Zakharchenko began to read the course of the

projection geometry Projection, projections or projective may refer to: Physics * Projection (physics), the action/process of light, heat, or sound reflecting from a surface to another in a different direction * The display of images by a projector Optics, graphic ...

, and from 1878 — the course of non-Euclidean geometry (basics of the

Lobachevsky Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky ( rus, Никола́й Ива́нович Лобаче́вский, p=nʲikɐˈlaj ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ ləbɐˈtɕɛfskʲɪj, a=Ru-Nikolai_Ivanovich_Lobachevsky.ogg; – ) was a Russian mathematician and geometer, kn ...

geometry). In 1880 he published the translation of ''Beginnings'' of

Euclid Euclid (; grc-gre, Wikt:Εὐκλείδης, Εὐκλείδης; BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. Considered the "father of geometry", he is chiefly known for the ''Euclid's Elements, Elements'' trea ...

with a big introduction where were viewed the main principles of the

hyperbolic geometry In mathematics, hyperbolic geometry (also called Lobachevskian geometry or Bolyai– Lobachevskian geometry) is a non-Euclidean geometry. The parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced with: :For any given line ''R'' and point ''P'' ...

. In 1871, Mikhail Vaschenko-Zakharchenko married Vera Nikolayevna Mel'nickaya (1840—1895) from

Tver Tver ( rus, Тверь, p=tvʲerʲ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is northwest of Moscow. Population: Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian ...

noble family. Vera Vaschenko-Zakharchenko has founded in Kiev the first private Gymnasium for women.

Scientific works

In 1862, for the first time systematically gave a lecture on the operational calculation and applied it to solve the

differential equations In mathematics, a differential equation is an equation that relates one or more unknown functions and their derivatives. In applications, the functions generally represent physical quantities, the derivatives represent their rates of change, an ...

. In 1866, he defended his doctor dissertation ''Riemann's theory of compound variable functions''. That was one of the first works in the

Imperial Russia The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...

in that field. Vaschenko-Zakharchenko is also known for working in the history of mathematics. He is an author of more than dozen textbooks on the

analytical geometry In classical mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system. This contrasts with synthetic geometry. Analytic geometry is used in physics and engineerin ...

, projection geometry,

algebra Algebra () is one of the broad areas of mathematics. Roughly speaking, algebra is the study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols in formulas; it is a unifying thread of almost all of mathematics. Elementary a ...

calculus of variations The calculus of variations (or Variational Calculus) is a field of mathematical analysis that uses variations, which are small changes in functions and functionals, to find maxima and minima of functionals: mappings from a set of functions t ...

, and including an important work on the history of mathematics in which he discussed the history of mathematics up to the 15th century. He worked on the theories of linear differential equations, probability and

non-Euclidean geometry In mathematics, non-Euclidean geometry consists of two geometries based on axioms closely related to those that specify Euclidean geometry. As Euclidean geometry lies at the intersection of metric geometry and affine geometry, non-Euclidean geo ...

The list of his works

* Конические сечения и новейшие алгебраические и геометрические методы для исследования свойств кривых линий. Соч. Г. Салмона. — Санкт-Петербург, 1860. * Of fractional differentiation // Quarterly Journal of pure and applied Mathematics, 1861, Vol. IV. * Символическое исчисление и приложение его к интегрированию линейных дифференциальных уравнений. — Киев, 1862. * Кратные точки и касательные алгебраических кривых // Вестник математических наук, т. I. * Риманова теория функций составного переменного. — Киев, 1866. * Признаки наибольшего и наименьшего значения функций //

Математический сборник ''Matematicheskii Sbornik'' (russian: Математический сборник, abbreviated ''Mat. Sb.'') is a peer reviewed Russian mathematical journal founded by the Moscow Mathematical Society in 1866. It is the oldest successful Russian ma ...

, 1868, т. III. * Лекции разностного исчисления, читанные в универ. св. Владимира. — Киев, 1868. * Теория определителей и теория форм. Лекции, читанные в универ. св. Владимира. — Киев, 1877. * Начала Эвклида с пояснительным введением и толкованиями. — Киев, 1880. * Список „Начал“ Эвклида, вышедших с 1482 г. по 1880 г. — Киев, 1880. * Указатель сочинений по неэвклидовой геометрии по 1880 г. — Киев, 1880. * Исторический очерк математической литературы халдеев. — Киев, 1881. * Исторический очерк математической литературы индусов. — Киев, 1882. * Характер развития математических наук у различных народов древнего и нового мира до XV века. — Киев, 1882. * Considération sur le développement des mathématiques depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'au XV siècle // Mémoires de la Soc. des Sciences phys. et natur. de Bordeaux", т. V (2 Sér.) * Элементарная геометрия в объеме гимназического курса. — Киев, 1883. * История математики. Том первый. — Киев, 1883. * Краткий курс теории определителей. — Киев, 1883. * Аналитическая геометрия двух измерений. — Киев, 1883. * Аналитическая геометрия трех измерений. — Киев, 1883. * Алгебраический анализ. — Киев, 1883. * Исторический очерк развития аналитической геометрии. — Киев, 1884. * Аналитическая геометрия двух и трех измерений. Издание второе, дополненное и исправленное. — Киев, 1884. * Алгебраический анализ. Издание второе, дополненное и исправленное. — Киев, 1884. * Вариационное исчисление в объеме университетского курса. — Киев—Санкт-Петербург, 1890. * Высшая алгебра: теория подстановлений и прил. её к алгебраич. уравнениям. — Киев—Санкт-Петербург, 1890. * Проективная геометрия. — Киев, 1897. * Опыт изложения дифференциального и интегрального исчисления без помощи бесконечно-малых и пределов. — Киев, 1907.

References

External links

Vashchenko summary
at www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20130924231639/http://mechmat.univ.kiev.ua/u/node/109 Kiev University. Department of Geometry. History of the department
biografija.ru. Vaschenko-Zakharchenko Mykhailo Yehorovych
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vashchenko-Zakharchenko, Mykhailo Mathematicians from the Russian Empire Academic staff of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 1825 births 1912 deaths Privy Councillor (Russian Empire)