Musā‘id ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d ( ar, مساعد بن سعيد بن سعد; d. 23 May 1770) was a

sharif Sharīf ( ar, شريف, 'noble', 'highborn'), also spelled shareef or sherif, feminine sharīfa (), plural ashrāf (), shurafāʾ (), or (in the Maghreb) shurfāʾ, is a title used to designate a person descended, or claiming to be descended, fr ...

of the Zayd clan who served as

Sharif and Emir of Mecca The Sharif of Mecca ( ar, شريف مكة, Sharīf Makkah) or Hejaz ( ar, شريف الحجاز, Sharīf al-Ḥijāz, links=no) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and ...

from 1752 to 1770. Musa'id assumed the Sharifate in Rabi al-Thani 1165 AH (February 1752) after the death of his brother

Mas'ud Masoud (; ) is a given name and surname, with origins in Persian and Arabic. The name is found in the Arab world, Iran, Turkey, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Russia, India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and China. Masoud has spelling varia ...

. He was elected by agreement of the Vali of Jeddah, the Qadi of Mecca, and a majority of the ''ashraf''. He received the imperial ''firman'' from

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

in Jumada al-Thani 1165 AH (April/May 1752). Musa'id's rule was initially opposed by his nephew Sharif

Muhammad ibn Abd Allah Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monoth ...

, formerly Sharif of Mecca, who was supported by the rival Barakat clan and some of the

Bedouin The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (; , singular ) are nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia. The Bedouin originated in the Syrian Desert and A ...

tribes. Muhammad captured

Ta'if Taif ( ar, , translit=aṭ-Ṭāʾif, lit=The circulated or encircled, ) is a city and governorate in the Makkan Region of Saudi Arabia. Located at an elevation of in the slopes of the Hijaz Mountains, which themselves are part of the Sarat M ...

in May and twice attempted to take

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...

before the two sides reconciled in late June. In 1171 AH (1758) Sayyid Abd Allah al-Fa'ar, a former ally, attempted to depose Musa'id with support from the Egyptian and Syrian Emirs of the

Hajj The Hajj (; ar, حَجّ '; sometimes also spelled Hadj, Hadji or Haj in English) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried ...

, Keşkeş Hüseyin Bey and

Çeteci Abdullah Pasha Çeteci Abdullah Pasha ibn Ibrahim al-Husayni al-Jarmaki (also known as Abdullah Pasha al-Jatahji) was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman statesman. He served terms as the governor of Sivas Eyalet, Sivas, Diyarbekir Eyalet, Diyarbekir, Rakka Eyalet, Rakka, ...

. On 21 Dhu al-Hijjah () soldiers took control of the

Masjid al-Haram , native_name_lang = ar , religious_affiliation = Islam , image = Al-Haram mosque - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg , image_upright = 1.25 , caption = Aerial view of the Great Mosque of Mecca , map ...

and proclaimed Sharif Mubarak ibn Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Sa'id as Emir. The consequent battle within Mecca ended the next day with Musa'id victorious. The following year Çeteci Abdullah returned as Emir of the Syrian Hajj. This time aided by an official ''

firman A firman ( fa, , translit=farmân; ), at the constitutional level, was a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in an Islamic state. During various periods they were collected and applied as traditional bodies of law. The word firman com ...

'', he deposed Musa'id and replaced him with his brother

Ja'far ibn Sa'id Ja‘far ibn Sa‘īd ibn Sa‘d ( ar, جعفر بن سعيد بن سعد; d. 1764/1765) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca in August–September 1759. In May 1759 Çeteci Abdullah Pasha, Vali of Damascus and Em ...

in August 1759. After the departure of Çeteci Abdullah and the Hajj caravan, Ja'far abdicated to his brother on 14 Muharram 1173 AH (). Musa'id sent a complaint to Sultan

Mustafa III Mustafa III (; ''Muṣṭafā-yi sālis''; 28 January 1717 – 21 January 1774) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1757 to 1774. He was a son of Sultan Ahmed III (1703–30), and his consort Mihrişah Kadın. He was succeeded by his ...

against Çeteci Abdullah, to which he attached the testimonies of Mecca's four Muftis. The charges against Musa'id were determined to be unfounded and, as a result, Çeteci Abdullah was removed from his post as Vali of Damascus and Emir of the Hajj, and Musa'id was sent a renewed proclamation and ''

khil'ah A robe of honour ( ar, خلعة, khilʿa, plural , or ar, تشريف, tashrīf, pl. or ) was a term designating rich garments given by medieval and early modern Islamic rulers to subjects as tokens of honour, often as part of a ceremony of appoi ...

'' in late Jumada al-Thani 1173 AH (February 1760). In 1182 AH (1768/1769) Sharif Abd Allah ibn Husayn ibn Yahya of the Barakat clan failed to capture Jeddah. He then formed an alliance with Ali Bey al-Kabir of Egypt, who in 1183 AH (1770) sent

Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab Muḥammad Bey Abū aḏ-Ḏahab (1735–1775), also just called Abū Ḏahab (meaning "father of gold", a name apparently given to him on account of his generosity and wealth), was a Mamluk emir and regent of Ottoman Egypt. Born in the North ...

as Emir of the Hajj with the intention of deposing Sharif Musa'id. However, after the completion of the Hajj rites, Musa'id and Uthman Pasha al-Sadiq, Emir of the Syrian Hajj, compelled Abu al-Dhahab and his army to leave Mecca before they could complete their objective. Having lost his ally, Abd Allah ibn Husayn mounted his own offensive against Musa'id, only to be defeated in Muharram 1184 AH, after which he returned to Egypt. Sharif Musa'id died on Wednesday, 27 Muharram 1184 AH (23 May 1770). Before his death he gave allegiance to his brother Abd Allah ibn Sa'id as his successor.

Issue

Sons: *

Surur Surur is a village located in Wai taluka at Satara District, Maharashtra Maharashtra (; , abbr. MH or Maha) is a states and union territories of India, state in the western India, western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial ...

, Sharif of Mecca *Mas'ud *Abd al-Aziz *

Ghalib Mirza Beg Asadullah Khan (Urdu, fa, مرزا بیگ اسد اللہ خان; 27 December 1797 – 15 February 1869) also known as Mirza Ghalib (Urdu, fa}) was an Urdu and Persian language, Persian shayar (poet), poet of the 19th century Mughal Em ...

, Sharif of Mecca * Abd al-Mu'in, Sharif of Mecca *Muhammad *Lu'ayy

Notes

References

* * * * * {{S-end Year of birth missing 1770 deaths Sharifs of Mecca Dhawu Zayd 18th-century Arab people