Malayalam
Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...
– മുറുക്ക്,
Tamil
Tamil may refer to:
* Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia
**Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils
**Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia
* Tamil language, nativ ...
– முறுக்கு) is a savoury, crunchy snack originating from the
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
. The name ''murukku'' derives from the
Tamil
Tamil may refer to:
* Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia
**Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils
**Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia
* Tamil language, nativ ...
word for "twisted", which refers to its shape. In India, murukku is especially common in the states of
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...
,
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...
,
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...
, and
Kerala
Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South ...
. It is called ''murkulu or janthukulu'' in
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...
. It is also common in countries with substantial Indian and Sri Lankan diaspora communities, including
Singapore
Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
,
Fiji
Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...
,
Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
, and
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
(Burma). Murukku, called ''sagalay gway'' (; ) in Burmese, is a common snack and is used as a topping for a regional dish called
dawei
Dawei (, ; mnw, ဓဝဲါ, ; th, ทวาย, RTGS: ''Thawai'', ; formerly known as Tavoy) is a city in south-eastern Myanmar and is the capital of the Tanintharyi Region, formerly known as the Tenasserim Division, on the northern bank of ...
mont di.
Other names of the dish include kn, ಚಕ್ಕುಲಿ ''chakkuli'', Odisha: ଦାନ୍ତକଲି Dantkali ta, முறுக்கு ''murukku'', mr, चकली ''chakali'', gu, ચકરી ''chakri'', te, చక్రాలు ''chakralu'', or జంతికలు ''jantikalu'' and knn, chakri or chakkuli.
Murukku is typically made from
rice flour
Rice flour (also rice powder) is a form of flour made from finely milled rice. It is distinct from rice starch, which is usually produced by steeping rice in lye. Rice flour is a common substitute for wheat flour. It is also used as a thickening a ...
and
urad dal
''Vigna mungo'', also known as black gram, urad bean, urid bean, mash kalai, uzhunnu parippu, ulundu paruppu, minapa pappu, uddu, or black matpe, is a bean grown in South Asia. Like its relative, the mung bean, it has been reclassified from the ...
flour.
Chakli
Chakli is a savoury snack from India. It is a spiral shaped snack with a spiked surface.
Chakli is typically made from flours of rice, bengal gram (brown chickpea) and black gram (''urad daal''). It has several variations, depending on the t ...
is a similar dish, typically made with an additional ingredient,
Bengal gram
The chickpea or chick pea (''Cicer arietinum'') is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. Its different types are variously known as gram" or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, or Egyptian pea. Chickpea seeds are high ...
(chickpea) flour.
It is the origin of the Tamil saying ta, பல்லற்ற தாத்தாக்கு முறுக்கு வேண்டுமாம் ('toothless grandfather wants murukku'), meaning someone wants something they cannot use; murukku is very hard and can actually break teeth and orthodontic devices.
Ingredients and preparation
Murukku is typically made from rice and
urad dal
''Vigna mungo'', also known as black gram, urad bean, urid bean, mash kalai, uzhunnu parippu, ulundu paruppu, minapa pappu, uddu, or black matpe, is a bean grown in South Asia. Like its relative, the mung bean, it has been reclassified from the ...
(lentil) flour. The flours are mixed with water, salt,
chilli powder
Chili powder (also spelled chile, chilli, or, alternatively, powdered chili) is the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper, sometimes with the addition of other spices (in which case it is also sometimes known as chili p ...
,
asafoetida
Asafoetida (; also spelled asafetida)
is the dried latex ( gum oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of ''Ferula'', perennial herbs growing tall. They are part of the celery family, Umbelliferae. Asafoetida is thou ...
and either
sesame
Sesame ( or ; ''Sesamum indicum'') is a flowering plant in the genus ''Sesamum'', also called benne. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cu ...
Manapparai murukku
Manapparai Murukku () is a special variety of murukku, a snack named after the town of Manapparai in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Overview
The snack's name Murukku derives from the Tamil word for "twisted", which ...
. This Manapparai murukku got famous because of Mr. Krishnan Iyer who prepared and sold this first in Manapparai. In 2010, the Tamil Nadu government applied for a
geographical indication
A geographical indication (GI) is a name or sign used on products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin (e.g., a town, region, or country). The use of a geographical indication, as an indication of the product's source, ...
tag for Manapparai Murukku.
File:Murukku1.jpg, Kai (hand-prepared) Murukkus
File:KaiMurukku.JPG, A larger variety of Kai Murukku
File:Muruuku.jpg, Murrukku and similar snacks
Other varieties include:
* Rice and lentil murukku (''Mullu murukku'')
* Light crispy murukku (''Thenkuzhal murukku'')
* Coconut milk murukku (''Thengaaippaal murukku'' )
* Wheat flour murukku (''Godhumai murukku'')
* Spicy murukku (''Kaara murukku'')
* Garlic murukku (''Poondu murukku'')
* Fish murruku (''Meenu murukku'')
* Ring murukku (''Kodubale'')
* Butter murukku (''Venna murukku'')
*
Besan
Gram flour or kadala maavu is a pulse flour made from a variety of ground chickpea called Bengal gram or ''kaala chana''. It is a staple ingredient in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent, including in Indian, Bangladeshi, Burmese, Nepal ...
Murukku (''Kadale murukku'')
* Rice murukku (''Arisi murukku'')
* Sweet murukku (''Achchu murukku'' or ''Achappam'')
* Mint Murukku (''Puthina murukku'')
See also
* Jhilinga, a similar Nepalese dish made from rice flour
*
Manapparai Murukku
Manapparai Murukku () is a special variety of murukku, a snack named after the town of Manapparai in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Overview
The snack's name Murukku derives from the Tamil word for "twisted", which ...
*
Chakli
Chakli is a savoury snack from India. It is a spiral shaped snack with a spiked surface.
Chakli is typically made from flours of rice, bengal gram (brown chickpea) and black gram (''urad daal''). It has several variations, depending on the t ...