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The murders of Katherine and Sheila Lyon are the abduction,
sexual abuse Sexual abuse or sex abuse, also referred to as molestation, is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using force or by taking advantage of another. Molestation often refers to an instance of sexual assa ...
and murder of two sisters — aged 10 and 12 respectively — who disappeared from a shopping center in Wheaton,
Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...
, on March 25, 1975. Described as a crime which shattered the innocence of the suburbs of Maryland, the disappearance of Katherine and Sheila Lyon initiated one of the largest police investigations in the history of the
Washington metropolitan area The Washington metropolitan area, also commonly referred to as the National Capital Region, is the metropolitan area centered on Washington, D.C. The metropolitan area includes all of Washington, D.C. and parts of the states of Maryland, Virgin ...
, although their fate would remain unknown for thirty-eight years, by which time their disappearance had long become a
cold case A cold case is a crime, or a suspected crime, that has not yet been fully resolved and is not the subject of a current criminal investigation, but for which new information could emerge from new witness testimony, re-examined archives, new or re ...
. A re-investigation of the sisters' disappearance in 2013 led detectives to charge a convicted child sex offender named Lloyd Lee Welch, Jr. with the
first-degree murder Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the c ...
of the Lyon sisters. Welch was
indicted An indictment ( ) is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that use the concept of felonies, the most serious criminal offence is a felony; jurisdictions that do not use the felonies concept often use that of ...
for their murders in July 2015; he pleaded guilty to two counts of first-degree murder in September 2017 via a
plea bargain A plea bargain (also plea agreement or plea deal) is an agreement in criminal law proceedings, whereby the prosecutor provides a concession to the defendant in exchange for a plea of guilt or '' nolo contendere.'' This may mean that the defendan ...
in which he admitted to participating in the girls' abduction, but not their sexual assault and murder. He was sentenced to two concurrent terms of 48 years' imprisonment. The bodies of Katherine and Sheila Lyon have never been found, although authorities believe their bodies were burned and buried upon a remote mountain in Bedford County,
Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
. Furthermore, prosecutors have named other members of Welch's family — including his uncle — as
persons of interest "Person of interest" is a term used by law enforcement in the United States, Canada, and other countries when identifying someone possibly involved in a criminal investigation who has not been arrested or formally accused of a crime. It has no le ...
in the girls' abduction, abuse and murder, although no other individuals have been charged due to insufficient evidence.


Background


Childhood

Katherine and Sheila Lyon were born in
Kensington Kensington is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in the West End of London, West of Central London. The district's commercial heart is Kensington High Street, running on an east–west axis. The north-east is taken up b ...
,
Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...
, a suburb of
Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...
, to John and Mary Lyon. The girls were two of four children and the only girls born to their parents, with an older brother, Jay, and a younger brother, Joseph, completing the family. The Lyon children lived in a close, middle-class household on Plyers Mill Road; their father was a well-known and popular radio personality at
WMAL-FM WMAL-FM (105.9 MHz) – branded 105.9 FM WMAL – is a radio station licensed to Woodbridge, Virginia, serving the Washington, D.C. Metro area. WMAL-FM airs a talk radio format and is owned and operated by Cumulus Media. The station's st ...
, a local radio station operated by the then-owner of
ABC ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet. ABC or abc may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting * American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster ** Disney–ABC Television ...
affiliate WMAL-TV (now
WJLA-TV WJLA-TV (channel 7) is a television station in Washington, D.C., affiliated with ABC. It is one of two flagship stations of Sinclair Broadcast Group (alongside dual Fox/MyNetworkTV affiliate WBFF hannel 45in Baltimore), and is also sister to ...
) and the now-defunct ''
Washington Star ''The Washington Star'', previously known as the ''Washington Star-News'' and the Washington ''Evening Star'', was a daily afternoon newspaper published in Washington, D.C., between 1852 and 1981. The Sunday edition was known as the ''Sunday Star ...
''.''Marple's Gretchen Harrington Tragedy: Kidnapping, Murder and Innocence Lost in Suburban Philadelphia'' p. 59 By 1975, the oldest Lyon sibling, Jay, was 15-years-old; the youngest sibling, Joseph, was nine. Sheila was 12-years-old, and Katherine ten; Sheila attended Newport Junior High School; and Katherine Oakland Terrace Elementary. Both sisters were days away from celebrating their thirteenth and eleventh birthdays and both had known their parents had planned to take them for a special meal for their birthdays. According to their mother, neither girl "
ould Ould is an English surname and an Arabic name ( ar, ولد). In some Arabic dialects, particularly Hassaniya Arabic, ولد‎ (the patronymic, meaning "son of") is transliterated as Ould. Most Mauritanians have patronymic surnames. Notable p ...
wait" for the upcoming occasion.


March 25, 1975

March 25, 1975, was the second day of school spring vacation; as such, the four Lyon children woke at approximately 10 a.m. Shortly after eating breakfast, the Lyon brothers visited a local basketball court; Katherine and Sheila opted to walk to the Wheaton Plaza shopping center (now
Westfield Wheaton Westfield Wheaton, formerly known as Wheaton Plaza, is a 1.7 million square-foot, two-level indoor shopping mall in Wheaton, Maryland, north of Washington, D.C. It is owned by Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield and Its anchor stores include Macy’s, Ta ...
) to browse
Easter Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the '' Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...
exhibits and meet friends who frequently socialized at this location. Upon hearing of her daughters' plans, Mary Lyon suggested: "Why don't you stop off and get some pizza?" The girls left their home between 11 a.m. and midday; each had approximately $2 to her name, and both were told to be home by their 4 p.m.
curfew A curfew is a government order specifying a time during which certain regulations apply. Typically, curfews order all people affected by them to ''not'' be in public places or on roads within a certain time frame, typically in the evening and ...
. At the insistence of a friend, Mary Lyon later visited a bowling alley; she was driven to the bowling alley by her husband, who — working a night shift — woke at midday.


Disappearance

The Wheaton Plaza shopping center was located approximately half a mile from the Lyon household. The sisters are believed to have intended to eat lunch at a popular pizza parlor within the shopping center named the Orange Bowl. Both girls were seen by eyewitnesses talking with an unidentified middle-aged man close to the Orange Bowl less than an hour after they are believed to have arrived at the shopping center; their older brother, Jay, later informed investigators he had seen his sisters eating pizza together at this same eatery, although his sisters were alone. Jay's sighting of his sisters is believed to have occurred after the girls had spoken with the middle-aged individual. Shortly after 2 p.m., Katherine and Sheila were seen walking home from the shopping center. This would prove to be the final verifiable account of the sisters' movements. By 5:45, Mary Lyon had begun preparing the family's evening meal of fried chicken; she later recollected feeling slightly annoyed her daughters had not returned home by this time. This annoyance rapidly developed into panic, and by 7 p.m., police were notified of the girls' disappearance. An extensive search was immediately implemented and the Lyon family initiated a round-the-clock
vigil A vigil, from the Latin ''vigilia'' meaning ''wakefulness'' (Greek: ''pannychis'', or ''agrypnia'' ), is a period of purposeful sleeplessness, an occasion for devotional watching, or an observance. The Italian word ''vigilia'' has become genera ...
whereby a family member would be invariably within arm's reach of the family telephone.


Police investigation

Police rapidly determined the sisters' disappearance was involuntary, and an intense search to locate the children was immediately implemented. Numerous witnesses were interviewed and hundreds of public tips pursued, house-to-house searches were conducted and an extensive search of terrain surrounding both the shopping center and the Lyon household implemented with the assistance of
search and rescue dogs Searching or search may refer to: Computing technology * Search algorithm, including keyword search ** :Search algorithms * Search and optimization for problem solving in artificial intelligence * Search engine technology, software for findi ...
.
Scuba divers This is a list of underwater divers whose exploits have made them notable. Underwater divers are people who take part in underwater diving activities – Underwater diving is practiced as part of an occupation, or for recreation, where t ...
also searched lakes and ponds, and locations such as storm sewers, vacant lots, rivers and stream beds were also searched. Numerous civilian volunteers assisted these official searches, although all efforts proved fruitless. A reward of $9,000 was also offered for the sisters' safe return. Due to the fact two children had disappeared as opposed to one, investigators suspected more than one individual may have been involved in their abduction. Suspecting a likely sexual
motive Motive(s) or The Motive(s) may refer to: * Motive (law) Film and television * ''Motives'' (film), a 2004 thriller * ''The Motive'' (film), 2017 * ''Motive'' (TV series), a 2013 Canadian TV series * ''The Motive'' (TV series), a 2020 Israeli T ...
behind the sisters' abduction, several known
pedophiles Pedophilia ( alternatively spelt paedophilia) is a psychiatric disorder in which an adult or older adolescent experiences a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to prepubescent children. Although girls typically begin the process of puberty a ...
and sex offenders were questioned in the weeks following their disappearance; all were eliminated from the inquiry upon verification of their alibis.


Family efforts

The Lyon family themselves immediately pursued all tangible methods to locate their daughters, including conducting searches around their neighborhood, and printing and distributing missing persons flyers in addition to pursuing leads generated by
psychic A psychic is a person who claims to use extrasensory perception (ESP) to identify information hidden from the normal senses, particularly involving telepathy or clairvoyance, or who performs acts that are apparently inexplicable by natural laws, ...
s. Both the family and police received numerous calls from hoax callers, attention-seekers and
extortion Extortion is the practice of obtaining benefit through coercion. In most jurisdictions it is likely to constitute a criminal offence; the bulk of this article deals with such cases. Robbery is the simplest and most common form of extortion, ...
ists claiming to be holding the girls for
ransom Ransom is the practice of holding a prisoner or item to extort money or property to secure their release, or the sum of money involved in such a practice. When ransom means "payment", the word comes via Old French ''rançon'' from Latin ''red ...
in the immediate aftermath of their disappearance. One of these calls was received from an anonymous male caller on April 4, 1975; this individual demanded that John Lyon leave a briefcase with $10,000 (the equivalent of about $57,068 ) inside an
Annapolis Annapolis ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...
courthouse restroom. With approval from police, the girls' father left $101 (the equivalent of about $576 ) inside the briefcase as directed by law enforcement officials, but the briefcase was never claimed. This individual later called John and said he had seen too many police around the courthouse and thus did not attempt to retrieve the ransom. In response, John said he would only follow further instructions if he heard his daughters' voices. This anonymous caller never attempted to re-initiate contact.


Eyewitness accounts


"Tape recorder man"

A neighborhood boy known to both sisters reported to police that he had seen the girls sat upon a bench outside the Orange Bowl speaking with an unidentified man at approximately 1 p.m. The man had been approximately six feet in height, well-groomed, conservatively dressed, aged between 50 and 60 and wearing a brown suit and was carrying a briefcase with a tape recorder inside. According to this witness, both the Lyon sisters and other children present spoke into a microphone the man was holding, believing their voices were to be broadcast live upon a local radio station. The witness's description of the man carrying a briefcase outside the eatery led authorities to view the unknown person as a
prime suspect ''Prime Suspect'' is a British police procedural television drama series devised by Lynda La Plante. It stars Helen Mirren as Jane Tennison, one of the first female Detective Chief Inspectors in Greater London's Metropolitan Police Service, who ...
in the case; he became colloquially referred to by investigators as the "tape recorder man." Two composite drawings of this individual were created.


Younger male suspect

A friend of the sisters — a girl slightly older than Sheila named Danette Shea — also described to detectives how shortly before the sisters were last seen within the shopping center, a young, long-haired man had followed and stared at Shea and her friends for so long and so intently that one of her friends had confronted him, stating: "Why don't you take a picture of us? It'll last longer!" Shea had also observed this individual leering at the Lyon sisters. These sightings occurred at approximately the same time as the sisters and other children had spoken into the older man's microphone. A police sketch artist also created a composite drawing based on this eyewitness's description; this depicted a white male in his late teens or early 20s, approximately , with notable
acne Acne, also known as ''acne vulgaris'', is a long-term Cutaneous condition, skin condition that occurs when Keratinocyte, dead skin cells and Sebum, oil from the skin clog hair follicles. Typical features of the condition include comedo, black ...
on his face,
scars A scar (or scar tissue) is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury. Scars result from the biological process of wound repair in the skin, as well as in other organs, and tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natu ...
on his left cheek, somewhat shabbily dressed, and wearing a light-colored Peters Jacket. The description from the friend contrasted sharply with the initial, middle-aged suspect. Aside from the major differences in facial features, hair and clothing, the young male leering at the sisters and the middle-aged man encouraging children to speak into his microphone were several decades apart in age. The composite drawing of the younger male suspect, however, appears not to have been widely disseminated as investigators devoted greater focus upon tracing the middle-aged man holding the tape recorder. Nonetheless, investigators followed subsequent public reports from several individuals who said they recognized either or both of the individuals within the composite drawings.


Investigative timeline

By the week following the Lyon sisters' disappearance, investigators had interviewed and
corroborated Corroborating evidence, also referred to as corroboration, is a type of evidence in law. Types and uses Corroborating evidence tends to support a proposition that is already supported by some initial evidence, therefore confirming the propositio ...
enough eyewitness accounts to establish a timeline of the sisters' movements on the afternoon of March 25. This timeline of the children's movements prior to their disappearance was released to the public: * 11 a.m. to midday: Katherine and Sheila leave their home to visit the Wheaton Plaza shopping center, having promised their mother to return home by 4 p.m. * 1 p.m.: A neighborhood child — a friend of both sisters — sees the girls sitting together outside the Orange Bowl speaking to an unidentified middle-aged man. * : The girls' older brother, Jay, enters the shopping center to purchase a kite. He observes his sisters, alone, eating pizza at the Orange Bowl. * : The final verified sighting of the sisters occurs when a friend observes Katherine and Sheila walking westward down a street from the shopping center to their home. * 4 p.m.: The curfew set by their mother passes; the girls are expected home and do not arrive. * 7 p.m.: Police are called and an active search for the sisters is implemented.


Lloyd Welch

On the day the media first circulated police descriptions of the middle-aged man carrying a briefcase with a tape recorder — April 1, 1975 — an 18-year-old
Appalachia Appalachia () is a cultural region in the Eastern United States that stretches from the Southern Tier of New York State to northern Alabama and Georgia. While the Appalachian Mountains stretch from Belle Isle in Newfoundland and Labrador, Ca ...
native named Lloyd Lee Welch Jr. traveled to the shopping center to specifically inform a security guard he had seen a man matching the police description of the suspect at the premises on March 25. Welch corroborated existing eyewitness accounts of seeing the girls converse with this individual carrying a tape recorder and microphone, also describing overhearing the man state to the sisters he "recorded people's voices and put them on the radio." According to Welch, the older sister had giggled upon hearing this. Welch's statement further elaborated he had subsequently seen the man forcing the distressed children into a red
Camaro The Chevrolet Camaro is a mid-size American automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, classified as a pony car. It first went on sale on September 29, 1966, for the 1967 model year and was designed to compete with the Ford Mustang. The Camaro share ...
with white upholstery before hurriedly driving from the scene.


Initial witness statement

Welch was interviewed at a nearby police station; he provided a six-page statement detailing the account he had outlined and consented to a
polygraph test A polygraph, often incorrectly referred to as a lie detector test, is a device or procedure that measures and records several physiological indicators such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and skin conductivity while a person is asked an ...
. When informed he had failed this test, Welch admitted he had provided false information. Contemporary case documents indicate he was released by police as an unreliable witness— possibly motivated by a desire to collect the publicized reward money for the arrest of the individual investigators considered a strong suspect in the case. Reportedly, Welch received a lecture about lying to police before he was allowed to leave the police station. A one-page report was placed on top of the transcript of Welch's statement, with the words "polygraph (lied)" written atop the document; this document was filed among the voluminous records compiled by investigators pertaining to the investigation and remained accessible only via a search of police records.


Further leads

On April 6, an 11-year-old boy named William Krebs reported he had seen the sisters inside a white two-door
Pontiac Pontiac may refer to: *Pontiac (automobile), a car brand *Pontiac (Ottawa leader) ( – 1769), a Native American war chief Places and jurisdictions Canada *Pontiac, Quebec, a municipality ** Apostolic Vicariate of Pontiac, now the Roman Catholic D ...
sedan driving along
U.S. Route 211 U.S. Route 211 (US 211) is a spur of US 11 in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known for most of its length as Lee Highway, the U.S. Highway runs from Interstate 81 (I-81) and Virginia State Route 211 (SR 211) in New Market east to US 15 Business, ...
in
Centreville, Virginia Centreville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States and a suburb of Washington, D.C. The population was 73,518 as of the 2020 census. Centreville is approximately west of Washington, D.C. History Colonia ...
, shortly after they are believed to have been abducted. Krebs remained adamant one of the sisters, whom he identified as Katherine, had been weeping, while another blonde girl sat in the rear passenger seat. Although treated with caution, this sighting was given credibility, thus expanding the search radius. The following day, a witness in Manassas,
Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
, reported seeing two girls resembling the Lyon sisters in the rear of a beige 1968
Ford Ford commonly refers to: * Ford Motor Company, an automobile manufacturer founded by Henry Ford * Ford (crossing), a shallow crossing on a river Ford may also refer to: Ford Motor Company * Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company * Ford F ...
station wagon at approximately 7:30 p.m. on the date of their disappearance; this witness claimed that the children were bound and gagged. The driver of this vehicle closely resembled the middle-aged man in the composite sketch released to the public and the eyewitness further claimed that when the driver noted he was being followed, he sped through a red light in the direction of
Interstate 66 Interstate 66 (I-66) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. It runs from an interchange with I-81 near Middletown, Virginia, on its western end to an interchange with U.S. Route 29 (US 29) in Washing ...
. The station wagon had Maryland license plates beginning with the possible combination "DMT-6" (the last two digits being obscured due to the bending of the license plate). The known combination was issued in
Cumberland Cumberland ( ) is a historic county in the far North West England. It covers part of the Lake District as well as the north Pennines and Solway Firth coast. Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974. From 19 ...
, Hagerstown, and
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
at the time. Although this eyewitness report was initially treated as credible — briefly stirring a media frenzy — police later deemed the sighting "questionable". Nonetheless, the eyewitness account inspired a small army of mobile citizen band (CB) radio users to scour the vicinity of the sighting with a running commentary, but these well-meaning, yet somewhat amateur efforts failed to yield any tangible results as a search for matching plate numbers failed to locate any vehicle matching the known description. Other contemporary press reports indicate that a man matching the sketch of the middle-aged individual at the shopping center had actually been seen a few weeks prior to the Lyon sisters' disappearance approaching several young girls and asking them to recite an answering machine message typed on an index card into his hand-held microphone. These incidents had occurred at the Marlow Heights Shopping Center and
Iverson Mall The Shops at Iverson is a shopping mall located at the intersection of Branch Avenue ( Maryland Route 5) and Iverson Street ( Maryland Route 458), in Hillcrest Heights, Maryland, just north of the Marlow Heights Shopping Center. Originally named I ...
, both in neighboring
Prince George's County ) , demonym = Prince Georgian , ZIP codes = 20607–20774 , area codes = 240, 301 , founded date = April 23 , founded year = 1696 , named for = Prince George of Denmark , leader_title = Executive , leader_name = Angela D. Alsobrook ...
. Police never publicly acknowledged a direct link between these reports and the Lyon disappearance. Although the media devoted considerable attention to the sisters' disappearance and press interest in the case remained intense for several weeks, no conclusive leads as to the girls' whereabouts emerged. On May 23, 1975, Maryland Lieutenant Governor Blair Lee ordered 122 National Guardsmen to participate in a search of a Montgomery County forest for the missing girls — again to no avail.


Cold case

Despite intense investigative efforts, the disappearance of the Lyon sisters gradually became a
cold case A cold case is a crime, or a suspected crime, that has not yet been fully resolved and is not the subject of a current criminal investigation, but for which new information could emerge from new witness testimony, re-examined archives, new or re ...
. The girls' parents and older brother commended police efforts to bring a resolution to the case although by the summer of 1975, the family had resigned themselves to the fact the girls were most likely deceased. Nonetheless, police inquiries remained active, with the individual seen with the tape recorder remaining a primary focus of interest. By the early 1980s, the
Montgomery County Police Department The Montgomery County Police Department (MCPD), officially the Montgomery County Department of Police (MCP), is a nationally accredited agency and the primary law enforcement agency of Montgomery County, Maryland, providing the full spectrum ...
continued to receive over a dozen annual public tips; although each was investigated, none of these leads bore fruit. In March 1987, a
child molester Child sexual abuse (CSA), also called child molestation, is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation. Forms of child sexual abuse include engaging in sexual activities with a child (whethe ...
named Fred Howard Coffey briefly became a serious suspect in the Lyon sisters' disappearance following his conviction for the molestation of three
North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...
children and learning of his impending trial for the July 1979 molestation, beating, and fatal
strangulation Strangling is compression of the neck that may lead to unconsciousness or death by causing an increasingly hypoxic state in the brain. Fatal strangling typically occurs in cases of violence, accidents, and is one of two main ways that hanging ...
of ten-year-old Amanda Marie Ray in
Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located in the Piedmont region, it is the county seat of Mecklenburg County. The population was 874,579 at the 2020 census, making Charlotte the 16th-most populo ...
. Via researching Coffey's movements, authorities discovered he had been in Montgomery County in the week following the Lyon sisters' disappearance. In addition, Coffey is known to have attracted the initial attention of several of his victims using devices such as metal detectors and fishing rods to initiate conversation and gain their trust. Although Coffey was younger than the middle-aged individual described by eyewitnesses as initiating conversation with the Lyon sisters and others via his tape recorder, the method of ensnaring children via this ''
modus operandi A ''modus operandi'' (often shortened to M.O.) is someone's habits of working, particularly in the context of business or criminal investigations, but also more generally. It is a Latin phrase, approximately translated as "mode (or manner) of op ...
'' piqued investigators' interest. Although authorities were able to establish Coffey had been employed as a computer data employee at an Aspen Hill firm between April 24 and July 31, 1975, and that he had been interviewed for this position on April 1, investigators were unable to determine his whereabouts on March 25. Ultimately, investigators were unable to establish any definitive link between Coffey and the sisters' disappearance. He was never charged in relation to the case.


2013 re-investigation

By 2013, many of the original investigators on the Lyon case had retired or passed away, and although the case continued to receive periodic reviews, little progress had been made. A decision was made to again review the archived case records with view to approaching the investigation afresh. Reviewing every record preserved from the original investigation, Sergeant Chris Homrock encountered Welch's original statement. Critically, Homrock noticed a
mug shot A mug shot or mugshot (an informal term for police photograph or booking photograph) is a photographic portrait of a person from the shoulders up, typically taken after a person is arrested. The original purpose of the mug shot was to allow law e ...
taken of Welch in 1977 pertaining to a burglary closely matched the 1975 composite drawing of the young
Caucasian Caucasian may refer to: Anthropology *Anything from the Caucasus region ** ** ** ''Caucasian Exarchate'' (1917–1920), an ecclesiastical exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Caucasus region * * * Languages * Northwest Caucasian l ...
man whom witnesses stated had leered at the Lyon girls within the Wheaton Plaza shopping center shortly before their abduction. Having learned that Welch (b. December 30, 1956) had accrued an extensive criminal history between 1973 and 1997 for offenses including rape, domestic violence, and assault with a knife and was serving a 29-year sentence within the
James T. Vaughn Correctional Center The James T. Vaughn Correctional Center (JTVCC), formerly the Delaware Correctional Center (DCC), is a state prison for men in unincorporated New Castle County, Delaware, USA, near Smyrna. It is the Delaware Department of Correction's largest c ...
for the molestation of a 10-year-old girl in
Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent Del ...
, detectives secured a prison interview with Welch. This interview was conducted on October 16, 2013, and lasted eight hours.


Initial interview with Lloyd Lee Welch Jr.

Initially, investigators feared Welch would refuse to speak with them; however, on the first day of formal interview, Welch spoke for many hours — beginning his conversation with the statement: "I know why you're here; you're here about those two missing kids." In response, Detective David Davis placed a photograph of the Lyon sisters before Welch, stating: "These two little girls here have never been found, and their parents are damn near eighty years old and have no idea what happened to their daughters; that's why we're here to talk to you." In this initial interview, Welch acknowledged observing the sisters near the shopping center on the date of their disappearance, although he denied being present within the premises; he then expanded his admission to claim to have seen "a guy putting two girls in the back of a car. It didn't look right ... one of 'em was crying." Shown a photograph of a known child sex trafficker named Raymond Mileski Sr., whom investigators had previously considered a strong suspect, Welch insisted he was the individual he had seen abducting the Lyon sisters. Asked his personal opinion as to what fate he believed had befallen the girls, Welch replied: "My opinion is that ileskikilled 'em and raped 'em ... he probably burned 'em. I don't know."


Second interview

In his second interview with investigators, Welch acknowledged observing the girls leave the shopping center. He further elaborated he had known Mileski, and that the children had been taken to Mileski's home, where they had been "drugged up", molested and murdered by Mileski and two other individuals he claimed in this second interview not to know. Welch claimed that he had observed these events through the window of a basement door and that upon hearing one of the children scream, he had fled from the premises.


Raymond Mileski Sr.

Raymond Rudolph Mileski Sr. (b. 1936), a resident of
Suitland, Maryland Suitland is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, approximately one mile (1.6 km) southeast of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 census, its population was 25,839. Prio ...
, at the time of the sisters' disappearance, lived close to the Lyon family in 1975. Mileski had been convicted of the November 1977 shooting deaths of his 35-year-old wife, Delores, and 17-year-old son, Raymond Jr. in addition to wounding his youngest son following a heated domestic argument. He was convicted and sentenced to forty years in prison for these offenses. Contemporary eyewitness accounts of the individual with the tape recorder in the Wheaton Plaza shopping center and considered a likely suspect in the Lyon sisters' abduction indicated the man walked with a slight limp — as had Mileski. Furthermore, Mileski closely resembled the composite drawing. This information, coupled with Mileski's known history of child sexual abuse, had previously made him a strong contemporary suspect. Based on information later given to authorities by prison informants and Mileski's own subsequent claims to hold knowledge regarding the sisters' abduction, which he offered to share with investigators in exchange for more favorable prison conditions, authorities searched his former residence in early April 1982, although no evidence was discovered. Mileski died in prison in 2010.


Subsequent interviews

In subsequent interviews with investigators, Welch denied Mileski's culpability in the sisters' abduction and murder; he also contradicted several other claims given in his initial interrogation in the twelve subsequent interviews granted to investigators — alternating between instances of denial of involvement in the sisters' kidnapping and murder, knowledge of relatives'
culpability In criminal law, culpability, or being culpable, is a measure of the degree to which an agent, such as a person, can be held morally or legally responsible for action and inaction. It has been noted that the word, culpability, "ordinarily has ...
in the crime while maintaining his own innocence, and limiting his participation to the planning and commission of the kidnapping. Welch's constantly changing accounts as to whom he had seen abducting and/or molesting the sisters; his alternating accounts regarding his participation (or lack thereof); his failing of a polygraph test in one of the first interviews granted to investigators; and the fact his alternating accounts and admissions resulted either from his claims being disproven or challenged led to investigators rapidly viewing Welch as a participant in the crime as opposed to a witness. Furthermore, Welch also inadvertently revealed details about the crime gradually proven to be known only to a direct participant.


Person of interest

In February 2014, investigators formally named Lloyd Lee Welch as a
person of interest "Person of interest" is a term used by law enforcement in the United States, Canada, and other countries when identifying someone possibly involved in a criminal investigation who has not been arrested or formally accused of a crime. It has no leg ...
in the case. Investigators revealed Welch, who was eighteen years old in 1975, was an
Appalachia Appalachia () is a cultural region in the Eastern United States that stretches from the Southern Tier of New York State to northern Alabama and Georgia. While the Appalachian Mountains stretch from Belle Isle in Newfoundland and Labrador, Ca ...
n native with a violent temper whose family lived insular lifestyles and frequently engaged in
incest Incest ( ) is human sexual activity between family members or close relatives. This typically includes sexual activity between people in consanguinity (blood relations), and sometimes those related by affinity (marriage or stepfamily), adoption ...
— both consensual and unconsensual. Welch himself had been raised in both foster care and, later, by his father after his mother had been killed in a
drink driving Drunk driving (or drink-driving in British English) is the act of driving under the influence of alcohol. A small increase in the blood alcohol content increases the relative risk of a motor vehicle crash. In the United States, alcohol is i ...
accident caused by his own father, whom he claimed had repeatedly molested him as a child. Between the mid-1970s and the early 1990s, Welch had traveled extensively throughout the United States via his employment as a ride operator for a carnival company which had frequently installed rides and booths close to shopping malls. Investigators also revealed that, although physically attracted to adult females, Welch had a sexual
penchant In psychology, economics and philosophy, preference is a technical term usually used in relation to choosing between alternatives. For example, someone prefers A over B if they would rather choose A than B. Preferences are central to decision theo ...
for adolescent female children, and that he had been arrested and convicted of the
rape Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without their consent. The act may be carried out by physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or ag ...
of underage girls in three states in the years following the Lyon sisters' disappearance.


Revised statements

By July 2014, Welch — who had largely remained consistent in his accounts to investigators the Lyon sisters had been "abducted, raped and burned up" — had revised his statement to concede that the day after the sisters' disappearance, he had observed his father, Lloyd Welch Sr. and his uncle, Richard Allen Welch, sexually abuse one of the girls inside a dour, concrete basement. Initially, Welch claimed the basement had been at his uncle's residence, although he later confessed the basement had been at his father's residence in
Hyattsville, Maryland Hyattsville is a city in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, and also a close, urban suburb of Washington, D.C. The population was 21,187 at the 2020 United States Census. History Before Europeans reached the area, the upper ...
. This basement was accessible solely via a single padlocked door at the rear of the property and according to Welch, his father and uncle had threatened him, prompting him to simply leave the children at their mercy at this location. Welch further stated he had never again seen the children alive and also claimed that, upon learning of the sisters' murder, he had been forced to participate in destroying all evidence of the crime at the property. According to Welch, the remains of at least one of the sisters had been placed inside a large duffel bag at this residence, and he had buried the body of the girl (or girls) upon family-owned land on Taylor's Mountain in Thaxton, Bedford County, Virginia.


Search of Hyattsville residence

In September 2014, investigators searched both Taylor's Mountain and Welch's uncle's residence in Hyattsville in response to the claims Welch had made two months previous to having witnessed his father and uncle rape one of the sisters and dismember the other in the basement of the property. The layout of rooms of interest perfectly matched that described by Welch in his latter accounts of the fate befallen to the children, and several items were seized in the search of the property.


Search of Taylor's Mountain

The
FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic Intelligence agency, intelligence and Security agency, security service of the United States and its principal Federal law enforcement in the United States, federal law enforcement age ...
's evidence recovery team assisted police and investigators in their September 2014 forensic search of Taylor's Mountain. The sole
physical evidence In evidence law, physical evidence (also called real evidence or material evidence) is any material object that plays some role in the matter that gave rise to the litigation, introduced as evidence in a judicial proceeding (such as a trial) to ...
recovered consisted of several small degraded bone fragments of human origin, a single human tooth, a section of charred wire (potentially originating from Sheila's wire-rimmed glasses), and remnants of a beaded necklace or bracelet similar to one habitually worn by Katherine — all recovered from the precise location of the 1975 fire neighbors of the Welch family recollected. The sections of bone fragments recovered were too degraded to permit any form of DNA analysis; the recovered tooth was lost before analysis could be conducted.


Further eyewitness accounts

In December 2014, Welch's cousin, Henry Parker, informed detectives that he had met Welch at a family property on Taylor's Mountain Road in Thaxton, Virginia, sometime in the spring of 1975. According to Parker, he had helped remove two army-style duffel bags from Welch's vehicle; each covered in red stains, weighing "about 60 or 70 pounds and mellinglike death". Without questioning Welch as to their contents, Parker threw the bags into a fire which had burned for several days and which neighbors would later recollect had emanated an odor "like you burnt yourself". None of these neighbors had suspected any form of foul play or criminal activity surrounding the fire as the act of residents "burning trash" at this location was commonplace. Sections of Parker's account had earlier been corroborated by Parker's sister, Connie Akers, who informed investigators that at one point in 1975, she — then a teenager — witnessed Welch and his pregnant partner, Helen Craver, arriving at this property with a bulging "army green duffel bag" emanating a pungent odor he had claimed sourced from spoiled beef. Akers also stated she had been asked by Welch to assist in washing two bags of bloodstained clothing but she had refused.


Forensic corroboration

Although
luminol Luminol (C8H7N3O2) is a chemical that exhibits chemiluminescence, with a blue glow, when mixed with an appropriate oxidizing agent. Luminol is a white-to-pale-yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in most polar organic solvents, but insolub ...
testing upon the floors and outer walls of the household basement of Welch's uncle had proved negative, a similar May 2015 forensic examination of the rear room of the basement of his father's home revealed extensive traces of blood from the concrete floor to the ceiling, indicating a human, humans or an animal had at one point been slaughtered in this location. Further
DNA testing Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or ...
revealed the bloodstains to be of human origin, although the samples were in such an advanced state of
degradation Degradation may refer to: Science * Degradation (geology), lowering of a fluvial surface by erosion * Degradation (telecommunications), of an electronic signal * Biodegradation of organic substances by living organisms * Environmental degradatio ...
no possible
genealogical Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kinsh ...
analysis tests could be conducted. These developments proved sufficient to charge Welch with the murders. Shortly thereafter, investigators also named Richard Allen Welch as a person of interest in their ongoing investigation.


Indictment of Lloyd Welch

Within months of the search of Welch's father's residence, the forensic corroboration of his revised accounts, and his being confronted with family testimony of the bonfire upon Taylor's Mountain, Welch revised his statements to reveal an account of the sisters' abduction, abuse and murder investigators were able to corroborate in part, although he continued to deny culpability for their actual murder. These accounts were given to investigators in January, February, and May 2015, with his final claim to investigators being the actual motive for the girls' abduction was for his uncle to force them to participate in a
child pornography Child pornography (also called CP, child sexual abuse material, CSAM, child porn, or kiddie porn) is pornography that unlawfully exploits children for sexual stimulation. It may be produced with the direct involvement or sexual assault of a chi ...
movie. Furthermore, his father had been a willing participant in the commission of the crime, and he had simply been the "
sucker Sucker may refer to: General use * Lollipop or sucker, a type of confection * Sucker (slang), a slang term for a very gullible person * Hard candy ** Cough drop ** Mint (candy) Biology * Sucker (botany), a term for a shoot that arises undergro ...
to bduct'em". In July 2015, Welch was
indicted An indictment ( ) is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that use the concept of felonies, the most serious criminal offence is a felony; jurisdictions that do not use the felonies concept often use that of ...
upon two
first-degree murder Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the c ...
charges for his alleged involvement in the deaths of the Lyon sisters, whom he by this stage admitted to having abducted in order that both he and his uncle could sexually abuse in the basement of his uncle's home. At a press conference held to announce this development, Bedford County Sheriff Michael Brown informed reporters the Lyon sisters had been sexually abused, then "killed in order for their captors to escape detection." Although investigators publicly stated members of Welch's family were considered
persons of interest "Person of interest" is a term used by law enforcement in the United States, Canada, and other countries when identifying someone possibly involved in a criminal investigation who has not been arrested or formally accused of a crime. It has no le ...
, Lloyd Welch was the sole individual to be indicted with regards to the girls' abduction, abuse and murder due to other alleged participants in the crime either being deceased, or insufficient evidence existing to charge them with the crime. By the time of Welch's indictment, cold case investigators had devoted over 16,000 hours to the re-investigation of the sisters' disappearance, had issued over fifty search warrants, and conducted over one hundred formal interviews with family members, eyewitnesses, and other persons of interest.


Conviction

Via a
plea bargain A plea bargain (also plea agreement or plea deal) is an agreement in criminal law proceedings, whereby the prosecutor provides a concession to the defendant in exchange for a plea of guilt or '' nolo contendere.'' This may mean that the defendan ...
in which he admitted to participating in the girls' abduction, but not to their sexual assault and murder, Welch pleaded guilty to two counts of first-degree murder on September 12, 2017. He was held accountable for the children's deaths at this hearing because although he denied killing the girls, the sisters died in the commission of abductions with "the intent to defile". Welch was prosecuted in Bedford County (approximately 320 km southwest of Washington) because authorities believe the children's bodies are most likely buried in this location. Via a prior agreement with the Lyon family, the prosecution had agreed not to seek the death penalty in return for Welch's guilty plea on the understanding this plea would spare the family years of litigated pleas against the sentence. The sisters' parents — both 77-years-old — and their brothers were all present at this hearing. Beyond speaking to enter his plea of guilty, Welch refused to speak throughout these hearings. This refusal included an offer by Judge James Updike Jr. to formally address the Lyon family. He received two concurrent 48-year sentences in relation to two counts of first-degree murder; he also received a concurrent 12-year sentence relating to two unrelated sexual assaults committed against children in
Northern Virginia Northern Virginia, locally referred to as NOVA or NoVA, comprises several counties and independent cities in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. It is a widespread region radiating westward and southward from Washington, D.C. Wit ...
. As per statutory requirements, upon Welch's completion of his prison term in Delaware in 2026, he will be transferred to Virginia to begin serving his formal sentence for his convictions in this state. As the sisters' abduction and murder was committed in 1975, prior to the passing of truth-in-sentencing laws, a possibility exists Welch may become eligible for parole by the time he reaches his mid-80s; however, officials have stated the chances of Welch being granted parole are slim to none.


Aftermath

The ultimate location of the bodies of Katherine and Sheila Lyon remains unknown. Had Welch been brought to trial without the girls' bodies entered into evidence, the case would have been the longest to have elapsed, with regards to time, between the commission of murder and a trial in which a defendant was convicted in the absence of a body in American history. Referencing investigators' determination to uncover the truth regarding the Lyon sisters' disappearance and their success in securing the conviction of one of the perpetrators after forty-two years, an executive within the
National Center for Missing & Exploited Children The National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC) is a private, nonprofit organization established in 1984 by the United States Congress. In September 2013, the United States House of Representatives, United States Senate, and the Pres ...
, Robert Lowery, stated in 2017: "I think what he investigatorsdid was unprecedented", adding that although Welch did not plead guilty to the full extent of his involvement, investigators had achieved a measure of justice. This sentiment was echoed by prosecutor Wes Nance, who stated following Welch's conviction: "In my heart of hearts, I know that we put one of the main perpetrators away ... Katherine and Shelia Lyon were two beautiful young sisters whose disappearance left a permanent hole in the heart of all who knew them. It was truly an inspiration to work with their strong and enduring family. We are proud to offer some semblance of justice today." Richard Welch was never charged with his alleged involvement in the sisters' abduction and murder due to a lack of corroborating evidence; his wife, Patricia, was charged with
perjury Perjury (also known as foreswearing) is the intentional act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters material to an official proceeding."Perjury The act or an inst ...
in December 2014 for knowingly providing false information to investigators and encouraging a conspiracy of silence within her family pertaining to the case. Although Lloyd Welch had alleged, and later denied, others had been involved in the crime, his uncle had remained an almost constant individual named in his later allegations. Following Welch's conviction, John Lyon thanked cold case detectives and law enforcement officers on behalf of his family for never ceasing in their efforts to bring those responsible for his daughters' abduction and murder to justice, stating: "We just want to say, 'Thank you'. It's been a long time."


Media


Bibliography

* *


Television

* The documentary ''Who Killed the Lyon Sisters?'' is directly based upon the disappearance of Katherine and Sheila Lyon, the investigation to identity the person(s) responsible for their abduction and efforts to locate their remains. Directed by Aaron Bowden (the son of journalist and writer Mark Bowden) and broadcast upon
Investigation Discovery Investigation Discovery (stylized and branded on-air as ID since 2008) is an American multinational pay television network dedicated to true crime documentaries owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. As of February 2015, approximately 86 million Ameri ...
, this documentary was released in November 2020 and received several awards at the 2021 annual Telly Awards, including Best Documentary.


See also

*
Child abduction Child abduction or child theft is the unauthorized removal of a Minor (law), minor (a child under the age of Age of majority, legal adulthood) from the Child custody, custody of the child's Parent, natural parents or Legal guardian, legally appo ...
*
Cold case A cold case is a crime, or a suspected crime, that has not yet been fully resolved and is not the subject of a current criminal investigation, but for which new information could emerge from new witness testimony, re-examined archives, new or re ...
*
Crime in Maryland This article refers to crime in the U.S. state of Maryland. State statistics In 2015 there were 166,510 crimes reported in Maryland, including 493 murders. By location Baltimore Baltimore reported 223 homicides in 2010. The number of all ...
* List of kidnappings *
List of people who disappeared Lists of people who disappeared include those whose current whereabouts are unknown, or whose deaths are unsubstantiated. Many people who disappear are eventually declared dead ''in absentia''. Some of these people were possibly subjected to enfo ...
*
National Center for Missing & Exploited Children The National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC) is a private, nonprofit organization established in 1984 by the United States Congress. In September 2013, the United States House of Representatives, United States Senate, and the Pres ...
*
List of murder convictions without a body A murder conviction without a body is an instance of a person being convicted of murder despite the absence of the victim's body. Circumstantial and forensic evidence are prominent in such convictions. Hundreds of such convictions have occurred in ...
*
List of solved missing person cases Lists of solved missing person cases include: * List of solved missing person cases: pre-2000 * List of solved missing person cases: post-2000 See also * List of kidnappings * List of murder convictions without a body * List of people who di ...
*
The Doe Network The Doe Network is a non-profit organization of volunteers who work with law enforcement to connect missing persons cases with John/Jane Doe cases. They maintain a website about cold cases and unidentified persons, and work to match these with m ...


Notes


References


Cited works and further reading

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


External links

* Contemporar
''news article''
pertaining to the Lyon sisters' disappearance * 24 August 1975 ''
Tuscaloosa News The '' Tuscaloosa News '' is a daily newspaper serving Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States, and the surrounding area in west central Alabama. In 2012, Halifax Media Group acquired the ''Tuscaloosa News''. Prior to that, the paper's owner was Th ...
'' article detailing th
Lyon sisters' disappearance

Katherine Lyon
at charleyproject.org
Sheila Lyon
at charleyproject.org * 2017 ''
New Zealand Herald ''The New Zealand Herald'' is a daily newspaper published in Auckland, New Zealand, owned by New Zealand Media and Entertainment, and considered a newspaper of record for New Zealand. It has the largest newspaper circulation of all newspapers ...
'
''news article''
pertaining to the confession of the Lyons sisters' murderer
''Justice for the Lyon Sisters: How a Determined Squad of Detectives Finally Solved a Notorious Crime After 40 Years''
A 2019 news article detailing conclusive cold case developments in the Lyon sisters' case {{DEFAULTSORT:Lyon, Katherine 1970s kidnappings in the United States 1970s missing person cases 1975 crimes 1975 in Maryland 1975 murders in the United States Child abduction Child murder in the United States Child safety Child sexual abuse in the United States Female murder victims March 1975 events March 1975 events in the United States Incidents of violence against girls Kidnappings in the United States Missing American children Missing person cases in Maryland Murder convictions without a body People murdered in Maryland People murdered in Virginia Violence against children Wheaton, Maryland