Muraltia Elsieae
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''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is
naturalized Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the in ...
in Australia. It is named after Johannes von Muralt, a Swiss botanist and surgeon. In 2006 the genus ''Nylandtia'', which contained two species, was merged into ''Muraltia''. The two species formerly part of ''Nylandtia'' are ''
Muraltia scoparia ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' and ''
Muraltia spinosa ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
''. ''Nylandtia'' are commonly known as "Tortoise berry" plants ("skilpadbessie"). This is because of the bright edible berries that they produce, which are relished by the tortoise species of the
fynbos Fynbos (; meaning fine plants) is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. This area is predominantly coastal and mountainous, with a Mediterranean clim ...
.


Description

Muraltia are perennial,
ericoid The word "ericoid" is used in modern biological terminology for its literal meanings and for extensions. Etymologically the word is derived from two Greek roots via Latin adaptations. Firstly, the Ancient Greek name for plants now known in English ...
shrublets or shrubs. Their small flowers and sessile or have short stalks. usually have 3 petals and 5  sepals which are usually subequal. Their fruits contain 2 seeds. Their capsules are flat,
membranous A membrane is a selective barrier; it allows some things to pass through but stops others. Such things may be molecules, ions, or other small particles. Membranes can be generally classified into synthetic membranes and biological membranes. ...
, and usually 4-horned. Its seeds are pubescent.


Species

As of July 2020, there are 118 accepted ''Muraltia'' species: * '' Muraltia acerosa'' * '' Muraltia acicularis'' * ''
Muraltia acipetala ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes von ...
'' * ''
Muraltia aciphylla ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia alba ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia alopecuroides ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia alticola ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia angulosa ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia angustiflora ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia arachnoidea ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia aspalatha ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia aspalathoides ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia asparagifolia ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family (Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes von ...
'' * '' Muraltia barkerae'' * ''
Muraltia bolusii ''Muraltia bolusii'' is a plant species in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae). It is endemic to sandy coastal flatland with altitudes below in Western Cape, South Africa. It was first described in 1954 by Margaret Levyns Margaret Rut ...
'' * '' Muraltia bondii'' * '' Muraltia brachyceras'' * '' Muraltia brachypetala'' * '' Muraltia caledonensis'' * '' Muraltia calycina'' * '' Muraltia capensis'' * '' Muraltia carnosa'' * '' Muraltia chamaepitys'' * '' Muraltia ciliaris'' * '' Muraltia cliffortiifolia'' * ''
Muraltia collina ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia commutata'' * '' Muraltia comptonii'' * '' Muraltia concava'' * '' Muraltia crassifolia'' * '' Muraltia curvipetala'' * '' Muraltia cuspifolia'' * '' Muraltia cyclolopha'' * ''
Muraltia decipiens ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * ''
Muraltia demissa ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family (Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes von ...
'' * '' Muraltia depressa'' * '' Muraltia diabolica'' * '' Muraltia dispersa'' * '' Muraltia divaricata'' * '' Muraltia dumosa'' * '' Muraltia elsieae'' * '' Muraltia empetroides'' * '' Muraltia empleuridioides'' * '' Muraltia ericifolia'' * '' Muraltia ericoides'' * '' Muraltia ferox'' * '' Muraltia filiformis'' * '' Muraltia flanaganii'' * '' Muraltia gillettiae'' * '' Muraltia guthriei'' * ''
Muraltia harveyana ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia heisteria'' * '' Muraltia hirsuta'' * '' Muraltia horrida'' * '' Muraltia hyssopifolia'' * '' Muraltia juniperifolia'' * '' Muraltia karroica'' * '' Muraltia knysnaensis'' * '' Muraltia lancifolia'' * '' Muraltia langebergensis'' * '' Muraltia leptorhiza'' * '' Muraltia lewisiae'' * '' Muraltia lignosa'' * '' Muraltia longicuspis'' * '' Muraltia macowanii'' * '' Muraltia macrocarpa'' * '' Muraltia macroceras'' * '' Muraltia macropetala'' * '' Muraltia minuta'' * '' Muraltia mitior'' * ''
Muraltia mixta ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia montana'' * '' Muraltia muirii'' * '' Muraltia muraltioides'' * '' Muraltia mutabilis'' * '' Muraltia namaquensis'' * '' Muraltia obovata'' * '' Muraltia occidentalis'' * '' Muraltia ononidifolia'' * '' Muraltia orbicularis'' * '' Muraltia origanoides'' * '' Muraltia oxysepala'' * '' Muraltia pageae'' * '' Muraltia paludosa'' * '' Muraltia pappeana'' * '' Muraltia pauciflora'' * '' Muraltia pillansii'' * '' Muraltia plumosa'' * ''
Muraltia polyphylla ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia pottebergensis'' * '' Muraltia pubescens'' * '' Muraltia pungens'' * ''
Muraltia rara ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia rhamnoides'' * '' Muraltia rigida'' * '' Muraltia rosmarinifolia'' * '' Muraltia rubeacea'' * '' Muraltia salsolacea'' * '' Muraltia satureioides'' * '' Muraltia saxicola'' * '' Muraltia schlechteri'' * ''
Muraltia scoparia ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' Goldblatt & Manning * '' Muraltia serpylloides'' * '' Muraltia serrata'' * '' Muraltia spicata'' * ''
Muraltia spinosa ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' Dumort. * ''
Muraltia splendens ''Muraltia'' is a genus of plants in the milkwort family ( Polygalaceae) which is native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Most of the species are endemic to South Africa, and one species is naturalized in Australia. It is named after Johannes vo ...
'' * '' Muraltia squarrosa'' * '' Muraltia stenophylla'' * '' Muraltia stipulacea'' * '' Muraltia tenuifolia'' * '' Muraltia thunbergii'' * '' Muraltia thymifolia'' * '' Muraltia trinervia'' * '' Muraltia vulnerans'' * '' Muraltia vulpina''


References

Polygalaceae Fabales genera {{Polygalaceae-stub