![20140929_Freiwillige_Feuerwehr_Harthof_087](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/20140929_Freiwillige_Feuerwehr_Harthof_087.jpg)
The Munich Fire Department (German: ''Feuerwehr München'') is the firefighting authority (called ''Branddirektion'') of the City of Munich. The Munich fire department is divided into a
professional
A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skil ...
department with approximately 1500 fire fighters staffing a total of 10
fire station
__NOTOC__
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire h ...
s (German: ''Feuerwache'') located strategically throughout the city to meet the legal aid period of 10 Minutes, and a
volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
, whose approximately 1,050 members are organized in 22 companies. Each year, the Munich Fire Department responds to about 80,000 calls (of which are about 70% medical calls). The volunteers respond to about 3,500 calls annually. This makes the Munich Fire Department the third largest fire department as well as the largest municipal fire department in Germany.
History
Precursor
As with most fire departments in Germany, the first units were founded by gymnastics clubs. In 1848, a
gymnastics club volunteered itself as gymnastics fire department to serve the city. Due to the overall political situation (
revolution 1848) and the generally prevailing reservations against clubs, this dissolved again in 1850.
Founding
After several attempts, especially in the 1860s, which failed mainly du to financial reasons, the volunteer fire department Munich was founded on 10 September 1866 through the work of Julius Knorr, J. B. Sartorius and city architect Arnold Zenetti. A major fire accident on 9 July 1866 in house No. 10 on the Schützenstraße (today
Dachauer Straße
Dachauer Straße ( Leonrodplatz)
The Dachauer Straße is the longest street in Munich with a length of 11.2 km and it received its name since it is the connecting road to Dachau Palace. In the north of Munich, it is part of the ''Bundesstraß ...
40) and the noted lack of necessary push ladders were the most serious argument that forced the city to action. The first commander was the master builder, Reinhold Hirschberg. At that time, seven fire stations were available within the city.
To 1900
Through the incorporation of neighboring communities (today's districts), Munich grew steadily, and with it the fire brigade. To which, for example, in 1877 Sendling became part of the state capital. The already existing fire brigades were integrated into the Munich fire department as so-called companies (Sendling VI Company) (see also the section
Sendling
Sendling is a borough of Munich. It is located south-west of the city centre and spans the city boroughs Sendling and Sendling-Westpark. Sendling is subdivided into Obersendling, Mittersendling and Untersendling. Untersendling and Mittersendli ...
, below). As early as 1870, due to the rapidly growing population, a permanent night watch was set up in Munich and assigned to the volunteer fire department. Eight years later, the city of Munich decided to set up a permanent guard watch. Therefore, the Munich professional fire brigade was founded on 1 July 1879, their former main watch station was housed at Heumarkt (later St.-Jakobs-Platz).
1900 to 1945
![Medaille VIII Kompanie FF München](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Medaille_VIII_Kompanie_FF_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg)
In 1904, the professional fire department moved into the new and still existing main fire station on Blumenstraße (today An der Hauptfeuerwache). By the end of 1913, all
horse teams were abolished at the Munich Fire Department and it completely switched to vehicles with
gasoline engines
Gasoline (; ) or petrol (; ) (see ) is a transparent, petroleum-derived flammable liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in most spark-ignited internal combustion engines (also known as petrol engines). It consists mostly of organic com ...
. This made Munich the first city to fully automate its fire department fleet. In the course of the motorization, thirteen companies of the volunteer fire brigade were merged into 6 sections. By the end of 1921, the volunteer fire department had 471 active members.
Between the war years, other communities around Munich were
incorporated and their fire brigades were
incorporated into the Munich volunteer fire department. Creating only one volunteer fire department in Munich, which maintained several locations. Before the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, the volunteer fire department had a staff of 1300 man.
After 1945
The dense network of firefighting squads of the volunteer fire department, which was created in the city center before the Second World War, was dissolved by the occupying powers, for example the Firefighting squad 3 / company 6 (Firefighting Squad Laim). It was not until 1947 that the reconstruction of the professional fire brigade was possible. As a result, some departments were directly re-established (more or less continued) others, for example, the abbot
Waldtrudering
Trudering-Riem (Central Bavarian: ''Trudaring-Ream'') is the 15th borough (''Stadtbezirk'') of Munich, Bavaria, consisting of the quarters (''Stadtteile'') Trudering and Riem. This area is the former location of Munich's old airport, Munich-Riem ...
(1957) was rebuilt much later. Also new departments emerged such as Sendling (see below) or the Department Center (1967 founded as the firefighting squad city center), which replaced existing units from before the war or restructured them.
In 1972, through the course of the
1972 Summer Olympics
The 1972 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad () and commonly known as Munich 1972 (german: München 1972), was an international multi-sport event held in Munich, West Germany, from 26 August to 11 September 1972. ...
in Munich, the silent alarm was introduced, until that time the volunteer fire department was alerted through a siren on the roofs of the fire stations. Since the 1990s, the volunteer fire department is alerted to all emergency operations (in which the statutory auxiliary period applies) simultaneously with the professional fire department.
In the late 1970s, a novel type of
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
was developed in a cooperation between the Munich Fire Department and the fire engine manufacturer
Magirus-Deutz
Magirus GmbH is a truck manufacturer based in Ulm, Germany, founded by Conrad Dietrich Magirus (1824–1895). It was formerly known as Klöckner Humboldt Deutz AG, maker of the Deutz engines, so the brand commonly used was Magirus Deutz, and fo ...
, the so-called low-profile design. The series of vehicles built and ordered by the Munich Fire Department in 1980, in 12 different styles, had a height of only 2.85 meters and was therefore significantly lower than conventional turntable ladders with heights between 3.20 and 3.30 meters. As a result, it was possible to reach low gateways and backyards, for which conventional turntable ladders were too high. A vehicle width of only 2.40 meters also provided for more maneuverability.
![Mercedes-Benz Atego based fire engine, Munich](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Mercedes-Benz_Atego_based_fire_engine%2C_Munich.JPG)
At the end of the 1980s, all firefighting squads and half-firefighting squads of the Munich volunteer fire department were renamed into departments, such as firefighting squad Michaeliburg into Michaeliburg Department. With the procurement of the 21 LF 16/12, a separate vehicle was procured for the FF for the first time, which could also be used alone for a first strike by fire or
THL missions. In 2010, a total of 58 uniform aid firefighting vehicles 20/16 were procured for the volunteer and professional fire departments in Munich.
Future
The partly from the 1970s originating fire stations and fire department houses are to be overtaken in the course of an extensive renovation program. In addition, urgently needed new buildings, for example, Fire Station 4 (see also Fire Station 4, below) will be built. Due to the fast-growing areas to the west of Munich and the unfavorable situation of several stations, there will be a total of five new fire stations built in Munich. Since two existing stations are to be decided, it is expected that as of 2020, there will be a total of 12 sites of the professional fire department in the city area.
Professional fire department
![BF München Schriftzug](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/BF_M%C3%BCnchen_Schriftzug.png)
The main burden of the missions is taken over by the Munich professional fire department. This consists of about 1,700 fire department officials. Every day, 300 officials at the ten fires and nine emergency medical watch stations are on 24-hour shifts and in constant alert. They attend to almost 5,000 firefighting missions, 21,000
technical assistance
Development aid is a type of foreign/international/overseas aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social, and political development of developing countries. Closely-related concepts include: developm ...
missions and more than 55,000 rescue operations per year. In addition, numerous missions and work from special groups, who are also recruited by the professional fire department. These groups come, for example, from the areas of
water rescue,
environmental protection
Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals, organizations and governments. Its objectives are to conserve natural resources and the existing natural environment and, where possible, to repair dam ...
,
altitude rescue,
emergency medical services
Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are emergency services that provide urgent pre-hospital treatment and stabilisation for serious illness and injuries and transport to definitive care. ...
, civil and disaster control, and the prevention of danger. In addition, the professional fire department operates an
emergency pressure chamber and has also equipped each of its rescue fire trucks for use as a
first-responder vehicle.
In Munich, the professional fire department maintains ten fire stations, which are spread over the entire city and in which the special units are housed. In addition to the tasks of defensive fire protection, the remaining approximately 600 officials who do not work in shifts (so-called day service officials), in addition to administrative service and working in their own workshops, meet the tasks and activities of preventive
fire protection
Fire protection is the study and practice of mitigating the unwanted effects of potentially destructive fires. It involves the study of the behaviour, compartmentalisation, suppression and investigation of fire and its related emergencies, as we ...
.
Standard Firefighting-Convoy
The firefighting-platoon
of the Munich fire department consists of a command vehicle (German: Einsatzleitwagen), two Munich fire and rescue engines (German: Hilfeleistungslöschfahrzeug), an
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
(German: Drehleiter mit Korb), and an
ambulance
An ambulance is a medically equipped vehicle which transports patients to treatment facilities, such as hospitals. Typically, out-of-hospital medical care is provided to the patient during the transport.
Ambulances are used to respond to medi ...
(German: Rettungswagen). Each firefighting-platoon is staffed with minimum 18 firefighters (1 platoon chief, 1 chief assistant, 2 captains, 3 engine operators and 11 firefighters). This Firefighting-platoon forms the basic unit for fighting structural fires in Munich.
Fire Station 1 - Main Fire Station /Fire Department
![Iveco-Magirus Feuerwehrfahrzeug in München](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Iveco-Magirus_Feuerwehrfahrzeug_in_M%C3%BCnchen.JPG)
Main fire station () was inaugurated on 11 July 1904 as a replacement for the too small central fire houses, which were used for 25 years by the professional fire department. Their appearance was, apart from minor renovations, not changed to this date. The main fire station is also the home of the fire department of the county administrative department and also the fire station (FW) 1. This is the responsibility of the professional fire department, the volunteer fire department, the
disaster and civil defense in the city of Munich. In addition, the fire department also works out deployment plans and release order, distributes resources to the stations in the city, manages the
integrated control center (ILSt), decides on hiring, procurement of input material and the maintenance of the fire stations. Furthermore, it is active in preventive fire and danger protection and does the administrative work.
At the main fire station, a special
extinguishing agent vehicle (SLF) is stationed next to the fire engine. Here are also the leading vehicles of the inspection service, including the service of the directorate as well as the head of the organization and the emergency response service. Also, the
children's NEF, and the
newborn ambulance are housed here. The station is also assigned to an ambulance, which is not stationed at the fire station, but in the inner-city hospital.
Since 1979, the public fire department museum Munich has been located in the service building.
Fire Station 2 – Sendling
Fire station 2 () was put into operation in the fall of 1967, after the old fire station 2 on
Boschetsrieder Straße had become too small and could no longer meet the growing demands. The fire station is attached to a
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
protection and a
hoses repair shop as well as the fire department school. In particular, the inspection and maintenance of
respiratory protective equipment
Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is a form of personal protective equipment designed to protect the wearer from a variety of airborne hazards in the form of a gas, fume, mist, dust or vapour. Respirators filter the air to remove harmful parti ...
,
hoses,
jump rescue equipment, fire department fabric and protective clothing is carried out by this fire station. The fire department school has its own fleet, an exercise hall and a fire simulation system (gas-fired).
Currently in
Sendling
Sendling is a borough of Munich. It is located south-west of the city centre and spans the city boroughs Sendling and Sendling-Westpark. Sendling is subdivided into Obersendling, Mittersendling and Untersendling. Untersendling and Mittersendli ...
in addition to a fire engine, a device car
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
/
radiation protection
Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". Expos ...
, an environment rescue vehicle, a
hoses truck 2000, a
tank fire engine 24/48, an
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
37 and two
hookloaders are stationed. The vehicles of the Analytical Task Force are also located here. The station is also assigned an
emergency ambulance vehicle, which is not stationed at the fire station, but at
Klinikum Großhadern
The LMU Klinikum (until 2020 ''Klinikum der Universität München'') is the merged hospital complex of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), including the ''Campus Innenstadt'' in the city center and the '' Campus Großhadern'' in Hade ...
.
Fire Station 3 – Westend
Fire station 3 in Westend () opened on 28 October 1983, replacing the old fire stations 3 and 8, which were each occupied by a group, as a new fire station 3, in which an engine is housed. The fire station 3 is located in the immediate vicinity of
Theresienhöhe
The Theresienhöhe is a newly created district of Munich. It is part of City districts of Schwanthalerhöhe and Sendling
Sendling is a borough of Munich. It is located south-west of the city centre and spans the city boroughs Sendling and S ...
and
Theresienwiese
Theresienwiese is an open space in the Munich borough of Ludwigsvorstadt-Isarvorstadt. It serves as the official ground of the Munich Oktoberfest. A space of , it is bordered in the west by the Ruhmeshalle and the Bavaria statue, symbolizing ...
and offers the possibility to strengthen their station at any time. In addition, this station has a large sports hall and a practice tower, and since 1997 an integrated control center. Since then it has been a group station with special vehicles. In 2017, the control center moved to the new FW 4, so that the FW 3 can be "moved" in the long term more in the western direction (
Pasing
).
At present, a Half-platoon (nominal staffing 1/1/10/12), consisting of a command vehicle 1, an
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
with basket 23-12, a
rescue fire engine 20/16 and a
tank fire engine 24/48 are housed at the fire station. Furthermore, a special
extinguisher vehicle, a small alert car and the emergency response vehicle, as well as an ambulance are stationed here. The station is also assigned an
emergency ambulance vehicle, which is not stationed at the fire station, but at the Surgical Clinic Munich South (see below: emergency medical service). Furthermore, an ambulance is occupied together with the fire station 7 at the ''Klinikum Dritter Orden''.
Fire Station 4 – Schwabing
Fire station 4
Schwabing
Schwabing is a borough in the northern part of Munich, the capital of the German state of Bavaria. It is part of the city borough 4 (Schwabing-West) and the city borough 12 (Schwabing-Freimann). The population of Schwabing is estimated about 100 ...
() was put into service after two years of construction in May 2016. It is located at the Heßstraße 120, on the site of the former Civil Protection Center, in the
Munich district of Schwabing-West, but still carries the nickname Schwabing. Construction costs for the new station amounted to 85 million euros and was planned and set up as a large security base in accordance with the "Fire Department Final Plan 2020" (see "future" section). In 2017, the dispatch and control center of fire station 3 moved into the new building. The area of service of fire station 4 includes the city districts Schwabing,
Maxvorstadt
Maxvorstadt (Central Bavarian: ''Maxvorstod'') is a central borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany and forms the Stadtbezirk (borough) 3 Maxvorstadt. Since 1992, this borough comprises the former boroughs 5, 6 and 7 (Maxvorstadt-Universität, Maxvor ...
,
Neuhausen, the
Englischer Garten
The ''Englischer Garten'' (, ''English Garden'') is a large public park in the centre of Munich, Bavaria, stretching from the city centre to the northeastern city limits. It was created in 1789 by Sir Benjamin Thompson (1753–1814), later Count ...
, Freimann and parts of the Lehel. In addition to the professional fire department, which is stationed here with two Munich fire and rescue engines, a ladder, an ambulance and a command car, the KLAF and in the future also with the disaster response center, the department City Center (Downtown) of the volunteer fire department Munich and units of civil protection are housed on the site.
The former fire station 4 () was put into operation in 1970. The six-storey building housed until 1984, the garment workshop, which was relocated to
Neuperlach
Neuperlach (Central Bavarian: ''Neiperlach'') is a borough in the southeast of the Bavarian capital, Munich. and is part of the city district no. 16, Ramersdorf-Perlach. It was built starting in 1967 east of the former village of Perlach on the g ...
due to a lack of space. Since then, the premises have been used as a station and continue to serve as service quarters for the officers. In addition, the station is to serve as an interim location for the fire engine 1 during the renovation work on the fire station 1.
Fire Station 5 – Ramersdorf
Fire station 5 () of
Ramersdorf
Ramersdorf-Perlach is a borough of Munich. It is located south-east of the city center and is the most populous of Munich's boroughs with a population of about 116,000. It consists of the five districts Ramersdorf, Balanstraße West, Altperlach, ...
in the east of Munich was inaugurated in December 1951 and two years later an extension was added to house the vehicle repair shop, which was moved during the construction to Neuperlach. Also, in 1953, an exercise diving tank was built and in 1964 a
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
workshop was established in Ramersdorf.
The fire station Ramersdorf is the seat of the technical maintenance department and electrical installations, which carry out construction work on the fire stations and houses of the Munich fire department, and the department of extinguishing water supply. This controls all public fire extinguishing water outlets in Munich, as well as
dry fire water pipes in U-Bahn and S-Bahn systems and larger structures.
All metrological, medical and
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
equipment procured by the fire department have been tested and selected in Ramersdorf. In addition, emergency medical and rescue vehicles are disinfected here. Another special feature of this fire station is the overpressure treatment chamber located there, a
diver relay which can be brought via helicopters for use, since the sports field belonging to the station is also used as a
heliport
A heliport is a small airport suitable for use by helicopters and some other vertical lift aircraft. Designated heliports typically contain one or more touchdown and liftoff areas and may also have limited facilities such as fuel or hangars. I ...
. As part of the large-scale restructuring and modernization of the Munich Fire Department, the second Civil Protection Center in Munich (next to the new FW 4) is to be built in Ramersdorf.
![BFW München-MB Citaro](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/BFW_M%C3%BCnchen-MB_Citaro.JPG)
In addition to the mandatory fire engine in Ramersdorf also a
large-capacity ambulance,
a rescue vehicle, a water rescue equipment vehicle, a
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
equipment/
radiation protection
Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". Expos ...
vehicle, an
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
with basket 12/9,
an infect rescue vehicle, various cars and trucks for the affiliated workshops, as well as the pressure chamber are housed. In addition, the colleagues with disinfector training are stationed here, to which are also alerted by certain key words, and are responsible for questions relating to hygiene and infectious diseases. The station is also assigned an
emergency ambulance vehicle, which is located in
Ottobrunn
Ottobrunn () is a municipality southeast of Munich, Bavaria, Germany, founded in 1955. Ottobrunn consists of mainly semi-detached and detached houses, as well as extensive garden areas. Ottobrunn is also the German Headquarters of Airbus Defense ...
in the fire station of the volunteer fire department. The
NEF in the
Bogenhausen
Bogenhausen (Central Bavarian: ''Bognhausn'') is the 13th borough of Munich, Germany. It is the geographically largest borough of Munich and comprises the city's north-eastern quarter, reaching from the Isar on the eastern side of the Englischer ...
hospital is occupied alternately with the fire station 8.
In addition, an ambulance from the Aicher Union ambulance (occupied daily 8:00 am to 12:00 pm) is stationed at the Fire Station 5.
Fire Station 6 – Pasing
Fire station in
Pasing
Pasing is a district in the city of Munich, Germany, and part of the borough Pasing-Obermenzing.
Overview
Pasing is located west of the Munich city centre, at the north-western edge of the city's innermost traffic zone. The district is mainly res ...
() began its service in 1979. It includes a workshop and warehouse building next to the station house. In this fire station, a department for preventive fire protection is housed, which carries out regular safety inspections and also gives advice in the case of identified deficiencies. In addition, the entire rescue medical education and training of the Munich Fire Department takes place in Pasing, which includes the training of rescue workers, paramedics, paramedic assistants including rescue assistants. In addition, also first-aid courses and training on automated external
defibrillators
Defibrillation is a treatment for life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, specifically ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib) and non-perfusing ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach). A defibrillator delivers a dose of electric current (often called a ''coun ...
are offered. In such cases, the fire station also works closely with the
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's sixth-oldest university in continuous operatio ...
in the further education of medical students, emergency physicians and other rescue service employees. Furthermore, one of the three
respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
protection workshops is located in Pasing, as well as the special equipment warehouse (warehouse for emergency aid). The latter mainly contains
cots, sandbags,
pump
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they u ...
s, food containers and other material that can be acquired in a very short time.
In addition to the "classic" fire fighting vehicles found at the fire station, Pasing also houses various transport trucks, such as a
roll off and
multi bucket trucks,
forklift
A forklift (also called lift truck, jitney, hi-lo, fork truck, fork hoist, and forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances. The forklift was developed in the early 20th century by various c ...
s,
wheel loaders
A loader is a heavy equipment machine used in construction to move or load materials such as soil, rock, sand, demolition debris, etc. into or onto another type of machinery (such as a dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or railroad ca ...
and a fire department
crane KW50. Furthermore, a
heavy rescue vehicle
A rescue vehicle is a specialised vehicle used in technical rescue. It is designed to transport and provide the specialized equipment necessary for technical rescue. They carry an array of special equipment such as the jaws of life, wooden cr ...
, a device car for
respirator
A respirator is a device designed to protect the wearer from inhaling hazardous atmospheres including fumes, vapours, gases and particulate matter such as dusts and airborne pathogens such as viruses. There are two main categories of respir ...
/
radiation protection
Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". Expos ...
, a large capacity
ambulance
An ambulance is a medically equipped vehicle which transports patients to treatment facilities, such as hospitals. Typically, out-of-hospital medical care is provided to the patient during the transport.
Ambulances are used to respond to medi ...
, a water rescue trolley for the diver unit, as well as a tank fire truck 20/40-SL
and a trolley "Großlüfter" (industrial fan)
are stationed there.
The fleet is additional supported by a small alarm vehicle and the
emergency ambulance vehicle of the station, which stand at the Pasing hospital. Fire Station 6 also has an intensive
incubator
An incubator is anything that performs or facilitates various forms of incubation, and may refer to:
Biology and medicine
* Incubator (culture), a device used to grow and maintain microbiological cultures or cell cultures
* Incubator (egg), a de ...
for relocating newborns using RTW. Furthermore, training takes place at the fire station 6 for
fire fighter divers and diving instructors.
Fire Station 7 – Milbertshofen
Fire station 7 was procured in December 1960 as a group station and expanded in 1964 to an engine station. At that time, a workshop was also set up, in which the central carpentry is housed. This manufactures furniture and fittings for the professional fire department and is staffed by both officials of the station, as well as other employees.
Housed in the fire station Milbertshofen is a Munich fire and rescue engine, a
hoses tanker 2000, and a small alarm vehicle. In addition, an
emergency ambulance vehicle (
NEF Neuherberg) is occupied at the "Helmholtzzentrum" site. An ambulance (
NAW Nymphenburg) located at the "Klinikum Dritter Orden" is staffed together with personnel of fire station 3. Fire Station 7 also houses a 24-hour ambulance (RTW)
ambulance station
An ambulance station is a structure or other area set aside for storage of ambulance vehicles and their medical equipment, as well as working and living space for their staff.
Ambulance stations have facilities for maintaining ambulance vehicles ...
of the "
Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland
or ASB (English: Workers' Samaritan Foundation Germany) is a German charitable aid agency founded in 1888.
History
The industrial revolution of the 19th century led to a dramatic increase in accidents at work. Therefore, in 1877 the St. Jo ...
".
Fire Station 8 – Föhring
Fire station 8 occupies a special position among the Munich fire stations. It was built in 1995 on a city-owned property outside the city limits, so as to be able to protect the neighboring municipalities and especially a neighboring combined
heat and power plant. The Fire station 8 is designed as a half force platoon station, which also has a practice tower and a sports field. In addition, the
height rescue group is stationed there.
Fire station 8 houses a half force platoon (with nominal staffing 1/1/10/12) consisting of an ELW, an HLF and a DLK 23/12, as well as a
tank fire engine 24/48 and the
height rescue equipment vehicle are housed. The emergency ambulance (
NEF) of the station 8 stands at the Bogenhausen hospital. An ambulance from MKT is also stationed at the FW 8 around the clock.
Fire Station 9 – Neuperlach
![Feuerwache 9 Neuperlach Muenchen-1](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Feuerwache_9_Neuperlach_Muenchen-1.jpg)
Fire station 9 in Neuperlach has since 1975, taken over the fire protection in the southeast of Munich located district of Neuperlach. It houses an independent repair shop, which maintains and repairs the vehicles of the professional and volunteer fire departments. In addition, there is also a clothing workshop in Neuperlach, in which the personal protective equipment of the emergency personnel is stored, mended, washed and issued. A department of preventive fire protection is also represented in Neuperlach.
At present, the fire station 9 has a reduced half-force consisting of a rescue service group vehicle 20/16, an
aerial ladder
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an ...
with basket 23-12, and a
tank fire engine 20/40 SL. Furthermore, a small alarm vehicle and an ambulance are there. As special vehicles are also a fire-fighting crane 50 t, a large
fan device vehicle, an all-terrain turntable ladder and a Hubrettungsbühne 53
housed in Neuperlach. The
emergency ambulance has been at the fire station 9 since the beginning of 2010.
Fire Station 10 – Riem
Since March 1998, fire station 10 is located on the site of the former
Munich-Riem Airport. This was required by the new
fair
A fair (archaic: faire or fayre) is a gathering of people for a variety of entertainment or commercial activities. Fairs are typically temporary with scheduled times lasting from an afternoon to several weeks.
Types
Variations of fairs incl ...
and the adjacent "
Messestadt Riem
Messestadt Riem (literally: Convention City Riem; Central Bavarian: ''Messestod Ream'') is an urban district in the east of Munich. It is part of the municipality 15 Trudering-Riem, and located entirely on the grounds of the 1992 abandoned Munich ...
". In particular, it also has an exercise yard and a riser tower. There is also a workshop for
chainsaw
A chainsaw (or chain saw) is a portable gasoline-, electric-, or battery-powered saw that cuts with a set of teeth attached to a rotating chain driven along a guide bar. It is used in activities such as tree felling, limbing, bucking, pruning, ...
s and fire
extinguishers, which, among other things, carries out the mandatory bi-annual inspections.
Fire station 10 currently houses a half force platoon (ELW, HLF, DLK) and a special fire engine, an ambulance and an emergency response vehicle (since July 2010) are stationed there. During the operation of the trade fair, the station is reinforced by a command vehicle and another
rescue fire engine.
Volunteer fire department
The voluntary fire department takes on a support function in Munich for the professional fire department. It helps out in the areas of fire protection, technical assistance and especially in the extended civil protection. In principle, it is called in for all operations involving personal injury. It is divided into 21 operational units, with 20 located in the outskirts of North, East, South and West, and one in the city center. As special units, it operates the
ICT group, the flight marshal
squadron
Squadron may refer to:
* Squadron (army), a military unit of cavalry, tanks, or equivalent subdivided into troops or tank companies
* Squadron (aviation), a military unit that consists of three or four flights with a total of 12 to 24 aircraft, ...
, the ABC force and the catering squad of the Munich fire department.
The volunteer fire department is affiliated to the fire department. The head of the professional fire department or the fire department director (
fire chief
A fire chief or fire commissioner is a top executive rank or commanding officer in a fire department.
Nomenclature
Various official English-language titles for a fire chief include ''fire chief'', ''chief fire officer'' and ''fire commissioner' ...
) works alongside the city fire council (commander), which in turn is supported by the city fire inspector and the four area leaders (city fireman). Their command (city fire inspection) is located in the fire station 4 (Schwabing). The Munich volunteer fire department was founded in 1866 as a result of a severe fire with fatalities. It was able to fall back on a fire station, which was built in 1794 and used by committed craftsmen and urban workers for fire protection tasks. In December 1870, additional volunteer fire brigades were integrated into today's disengagement area of the department city center. In the 1890s, other towns were added to the city of Munich, whose fire brigades were incorporated into the Munich volunteer fire department.
City Center (Downtown) Department
![FFW München Abteilung Stadtmitte](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/FFW_M%C3%BCnchen_Abteilung_Stadtmitte.jpg)
The department city center was re-established in 1969 as the fire group city center, although fire service units already existed in the city center (see History above). It was included in the alerting plan of the professional fire department in the middle of 1971 and could be reached by phone, to set off with their two vehicles. The following years, the already grown group of over 50 men, was additionally equipped with
radio detectives and received another
emergency vehicle
An emergency vehicle is a vehicle used by emergency services. Emergency vehicles typically have specialized emergency lighting and vehicle equipment that allow emergency services to reach calls for service in a timely manner, transport equipment a ...
. Also, at the
Olympic Games
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...
, the station participated in the constant watch.
With the incorporation of the air defense service in 1973 for the extended civil protection, the department city center received a new home, the Center for Civil Protection. However, the department was provisionally housed for several years in the former buildings of the police driving school on
Dachauer Straße
Dachauer Straße ( Leonrodplatz)
The Dachauer Straße is the longest street in Munich with a length of 11.2 km and it received its name since it is the connecting road to Dachau Palace. In the north of Munich, it is part of the ''Bundesstraß ...
.
In 1984, the department, which grew to over 80 members, took over the (first) hazmat unit of the city of Munich.
The department is directly under the command of the volunteer fire department, its field of operations mainly covers the area within the middle ring. Since in this area all fire stations are located except stations 6 and 8 to 10, the City Center Division is only alarmed on special occasions or when a second platoon (2nd departure) is needed.
Currently, the department city center has four Munich fire and rescue engines, a
Respiratory
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...
and
Radiation Protection
Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". Expos ...
(air unit) vehicle, an NBC reconnaissance vehicle, a decontamination unit, a two-load interchangeable vehicle (WLF) with two containers (decontamination of civilians, water transport system). As trailers, there are stationed a trailer with industrial water vacuum cleaners, a light unit trailer and decontamination trailer. A multi-purpose vehicle (MZF) completes the vehicle fleet.
On Saturday, 21 May 2016, the department city center moved into its new fire station on Heßstraße 120. The VFD station is located in the rear building of fire station 4 (Schwabing) and is the first to be stationed together with the professional fire department in Munich.
Area north
Department Feldmoching
The Feldmoching department currently has a 20/16
rescue fire engine, an LF 16/12 and an LF 20 KatS.
Department Harthof
Fire fighting group vehicle 16/12 (Munich model, manufacture year 2003)
The exact date of the founding of the former volunteer fire department
Harthof
Harthof is a district in the north of the Bavarian capital Munich. It is located in districts 11 Milbertshofen-Am Hart and 24 Feldmoching-Hasenbergl. Harthof consists of medium-sized housing estates (mainly west of Schleißheimer Straße and ea ...
can not be identified, but is dated to the year 1922. Only after the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, which destroyed the structure of the Munich fire department, and led to a new start-up as a fire department Harthof of the Munich fire department in January 1948. This was planned to support the fire fighting in Feldmoching, which also received there fire station in 1950. A year later, the Munich Fire Department granted a request for independence of the fire fighting group. In the following years, the fire fighting group Harthof was further trained and expanded until 1979, when it was then recognized as a department and attained its present fire station. Today, the Harthof department is active with an Assistance Fire department vehicle 20/16, a 16/12 fire engine and an MZF, to which they can attach an e-sucker trailer if required.
Department Freimann
The department Freimann, with over 35 active men and woman, was founded in May 1870 as an independent fire department and later incorporated into the Munich volunteer fire department. Today, the comrades partake in about 200 missions a year, making the department one of the most frequently alerted at the Munich volunteer fire department. Their fields of application include, among others, a large industrial area, the
Allianz Arena
Allianz Arena (; known as Fußball Arena München for UEFA competitions) is a football stadium in Munich, Bavaria, Germany with a 70,000 seating capacity for international matches and 75,000 for domestic matches. Widely known for its exterior ...
, a large motorway section and the subway. Since 1995, with the appropriate indication, the department has been alarmed at the same time as the professional fire department. The fleet currently consists of a rescue service group vehicle 20/16, a fire engine 16/12, a
tank fire engine 16/25 and a traffic safety trailer.
Department Oberföhring
The volunteer fire department Oberföhring was founded in January 1870 and combined in 1907 with the neighboring forces from Daglfing, Unterföhring and Ismaning. When Oberföhring was incorporated into the city of Munich in 1913, the Oberföhring Fire Department was included as a 10th Division in the Munich Fire Department. Their first motorized fire engine, making them equally compatible with the other fire service units in Munich, reached the department Oberföhring only in 1932. At the time of
National Socialism
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...
, the members of the volunteer fire department were integrated into the fire protection police or the "
Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previous ...
", which meant the temporary end of this department. The reconstruction of this fire service department took place immediately after the end of the Second World War, even during the occupation.
After the takeover of the civil protection in Munich there was a restructuring of the fire department, so that the department Oberföhring since then, together with the departments Riem and Trudering, formed the fire department readiness in the area Ost1. In 1979, the department Oberföhring received a new fire station, in which the vehicle hall could accommodate three fire engines.
Following a change in the organization of the Munich volunteer fire department, the Oberföhring department has been assigned to the North division since 2004.
The Oberföhring department owns two fire stations. One of them in Oberföhring, in which a rescue fire vehicle 20/16 (OF 49-1), a fire engine 16/12 (OF 40-1) and a multi-purpose vehicle (OF 11-1) are housed. The other fire station is located in
Englschalking
Englschalking is a district of the Bavarian capital Munich and belongs to the district 13 Bogenhausen.
Location
Englschalking is located relatively central in the district of Bogenhausen. The historic town centre lies northeast of the intersecti ...
in which another aid fire engine 20/16 (OF 49-2) and an LF 20 KatS (OF 41-1) is stationed.
Area east
Department Riem
The royal district office Munich country gave, in 1874, all municipalities the order to set up volunteer fire departments. As a result, the local mayor of Dornach-Riem convened a foundation meeting on 22 November at the ''Gasthof Alter Wirt in Riem''. All citizens and peasants of the 398-resident community were called upon to found a volunteer fire department. Spontaneously, 46 men agreed to join. In 1937, the district Riem of the community Dornach Riem was incorporated into the city of Munich. Munich received a population increase of approx. 1000 inhabitants and an area increase of 657.29 hectares. After about 62 years of community and good neighborliness, the paths of the volunteer fire department Dornach-Riem now parted ways. The existing volunteer fire department in the district Riem was assigned as ''Halblöschzug 19'' (a small size fire engine) of the Munich volunteer fire department and equipped with a ''Sauer-Löschfahrzeug''.
The Riem department currently owns an HLF 20/16, a fire engine LF 16/12 and a crew transport vehicle (MTF).
Department Trudering
In
Trudering
Trudering (Central Bavarian: ''Trudaring'') is a district of the Trudering-Riem borough of Munich, Germany. It is primarily residential, and offers access to both the metropolitan U-Bahn and S-Bahn at München Trudering railway station
Munich-Tr ...
in 1874, the volunteer fire department was founded and rebuilt in 1919 after the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
. At this time, the districts Waldtrudering and Michaeliburg founded fire fighting groups that could support the fire department Trudering. As early as 1925, the fire department received an alarm siren, with which the firefighters could be alerted for missions. A large part of the comrades fell victim to the Second World War, the emergency vehicles were destroyed in the invasion of the Americans. Nevertheless, the fire department was re-established in 1945, so they could again provide for the safety in their area. Also, at the 1972 Summer Olympics, important tasks were given to the department Trudering. In 1982, a new fire station could be moved into, so that the previously housed separately vehicles were now available in one place.
Today, the Trudering department has a HLF 20/16, a fire engine 16/12, a 2000
hoses truck with crew space and, since 2015, a multi-purpose vehicle for transporting equipment and personnel. There are currently 30 firefighters, including 4 women, in the Trudering department.
Department Michaeliburg
At the end of the 1980s, the department Michaeliburg was founded from the half-brigade of the 17th fire fighting group. With 45 active members, the department, together with Perlach, Riem, Trudering, Waldperlach and Waldtrudering belongs to the East area of the Munich fire departments. With a rescue fire truck, a fire engine 16/12 and a multi-purpose vehicle, the department is called on an average of 90 missions a year.
Department Perlach
The Volunteer Fire department Perlach was founded in 1869 and was incorporated in 1930. In the course of this, the name volunteer fire department Perlach changed to volunteer fire department Munich, Department Perlach. Today, it has an Assistance Fire department vehicle 20/16, a fine engine 16/12, a 16/25 tanker and a traffic safety trailer.
Department Waldperlach
The Department Waldperlach was founded on 3 April 1927, under the direction of Karl Freiherr von Stockhausen. After the Second World War, the fire department was reorganized by six of the founding members in 1949.
The department currently owns a fire engine 16/12, a
tank fire engine 16/25, a
multi-purpose vehicle
Minivan (sometimes called simply as van) is a North American car classification for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe i ...
, and the standard
rescue fire engine 20/16 of the Munich Fire Department. In June 2016, an LF 20 KatS procured by the
Federal Ministry of the Interior
An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs.
Lists of current ministries of internal affairs
Named "ministry"
* Ministry ...
was put into active service.
In addition, the troops were assigned so-called
external load containers for firefighting from the air (with helicopters e.g. the
police helicopter squadron Bavaria) type SEMAT 900 (2 tanks with a capacity of 900 L each) and SEMAT 5000 (2 tanks with a capacity of 5000 L each), The department therefore supports the marshalling squadron of the Munich Fire Department. The equipment also includes a
thermal imaging camera
A thermal imaging camera (colloquially known as a TIC) is a type of the thermographic camera used in firefighting. By rendering infrared radiation as visible light, such cameras allow firefighters to see areas of heat through smoke, darkness, o ...
Evolution 5000 by
MSA-Auer.
The, after 20-years of planning, newly built fire station is located in the "Gefilde 4" on the corner of Putzbrunner Straße, near the fire station 9 (Neuperlach). The move took place in October 2006 and was officially inaugurated at the 80th anniversary celebration in July 2007.
At present, 41 active firemen and women work in this department.
Department Waldtrudering
The exact founding date of the firefighting group in
Waldtrudering
Trudering-Riem (Central Bavarian: ''Trudaring-Ream'') is the 15th borough (''Stadtbezirk'') of Munich, Bavaria, consisting of the quarters (''Stadtteile'') Trudering and Riem. This area is the former location of Munich's old airport, Munich-Riem ...
can unfortunately no longer be determined, since all documents were destroyed in the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. However, in 1921 the history of the Trudering fire department mentions the Waldtrudering fire department, which was an important addition for the fire protection in the former municipality Trudering. In 1923, the official founding took place as an independent fire department. The Waldtrudering fire department then owned a
hand pump
Hand pumps are manually operated pumps; they use human power and mechanical advantage to move fluids or air from one place to another. They are widely used in every country in the world for a variety of industrial, marine, irrigation and leis ...
, which had to be pulled by the crew. This was housed in a shed next to the former
water tower
A water tower is an elevated structure supporting a water tank constructed at a height sufficient to pressurize a water distribution system, distribution system for potable water, and to provide emergency storage for fire protection. Water towe ...
. In 1930, an old
hoses tank trailer with a motor-driven pump was purchased, which was pulled by a truck. Since the shed was too small to house this, it had to be enlarged. On 1 December 1931, the following was noted in the registration form when the Freiwillige Feuerwehr Waldtrudering was admitted to the
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
n Fire Department Association:
Number of members:
* I. technical group (Steiger): 10 men
* II. Technical group (
hoses men): 18 men
* Signalers: 2 men
* Control group: 10 men
Number of devices:
* two-piece ladder with support bars: 1 piece
* Hydrant car: 2 pieces
* small
hoses: 1 piece
* Pressure
hoses: 300 meters
After incorporation of the town (to Munich) in April 1932, the fire service was renamed the Voluntary Fire Department Munich-Waldtrudering, ''Halblöschzug 18'' (a small size fire engine). After the war, there was no interest in the re-establishment of the fire department, until the proposal was made in 1957. At that time, the alarm was signaled by a
siren
Siren or sirens may refer to:
Common meanings
* Siren (alarm), a loud acoustic alarm used to alert people to emergencies
* Siren (mythology), an enchanting but dangerous monster in Greek mythology
Places
* Siren (town), Wisconsin
* Siren, Wisc ...
, which was replaced in the early 1970s by the silent alarm system. Since 1992 the department is alarmed together with the professional fire department.
The department Waldtrudering is currently active with a
rescue fire engine 20/16 (WT 40.1), a fire engine 16/12 (WT 40.8), and a
MZF (WT 11.1). The department, which currently has 43 active members (including 6 female persons), is located in the area of Fire stations 9 and 10.
Area south
Department Forstenried
The
Forstenrieder Fire Department consists of 29 active firemen and women (as of 12/2010). The area of operation extends from Boschetsrieder Straße in the north to the ''Autobahnring'' (belt highway) in the south and from Drygalski Allee in the east to the city limits in the west. The main tasks in the disengagement area are technical assistance, prevention and fire protection. In the case of major incidents, such as severe weather or major fires, however, the volunteer fire department Forstenried moves out throughout the city.
The fire station is located in the Forstenrieder Allee 177, the fleet consists of a rescue service group vehicle 20/16, a
fire engine
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an i ...
16/12 and a
tank fire engine 16/25 with traffic safety trailer. The rations truck, which serves to provide for the personnel during long-term operations, consisting of kitchen wagons and food trailers, is stationed at Gmunder Straße in the Civil Protection Center.
Department Grosshadern
By the delivery contract of a fire-extinguishing sprayer of 29 November 1859, the existence of an organized fire department took place for the first time. The company ''Kgl. Hoffeuerhaus Dominick Kirchmair'' handed over an extinguishing sprayer with a double pumping station. It was used by 6 to 8 men and threw a steady stream of water up to 70 feet. The price of the sprayer was agreed with 500
guilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German ''gulden'', originally shortened from Middle High German ''guldin pfenninc'' "gold penny". This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Roman Empir ...
s. The old sprayer was apparently built so solid or so little in use that only after 30 years, another
extinguisher had to be commissioned. The new device was operated by at least 10 men and costed 1200
marks
Marks may refer to:
Business
* Mark's, a Canadian retail chain
* Marks & Spencer, a British retail chain
* Collective trade marks, trademarks owned by an organisation for the benefit of its members
* Marks & Co, the inspiration for the novel '' ...
.
Under the "Most High Protectorate of His Royal Highness the
Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria", the newly founded fire department in
Großhadern
Großhadern (in the town district Hadern) is a district in the south-west of the Bavarian state capital Munich. Großhadern is primarily a bourgeois residential area. Exceptions are the so-called "village core" with numerous small shops as well as ...
at the Bavarian State Fire Brigade Association was registered on 8 September 1892.
Großhadern was incorporated into Munich in 1938 and so the fire department Großhadern became the department Großhadern of the Munich volunteer fire department. Making the department Großhadern, one of the youngest departments of the Munich
volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
.
Today, the department Großhadern is active with a 20/16
rescue fire engine, a fire engine 16/25 and a
multi-purpose vehicle
Minivan (sometimes called simply as van) is a North American car classification for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe i ...
(MZF). The active area of the volunteer fire department Großhadern includes the neighborhoods:
Hadern
Hadern is the 20th borough of the Bavarian city of Munich in Germany.
Location
Located in the south-west of Munich, Hadern's borders are the Autobahn Munich-Garmish in the south, ''Fürstenriederstrasse'' in the east and ''Senftenauerstrasse'' ...
, Blumenau and parts of
Laim
Laim (Central Bavarian: ''Loam'') is a district of Munich, Germany, forming the 25th borough of the city. Inhabitants: c. 49.000 (2005)
History
Originally its own independent locality, Laim was in existence before Munich. It was first documented ...
and
Pasing
Pasing is a district in the city of Munich, Germany, and part of the borough Pasing-Obermenzing.
Overview
Pasing is located west of the Munich city centre, at the north-western edge of the city's innermost traffic zone. The district is mainly res ...
. In the disembarkation area is the
Großhadern hospital, the Augustinum, various laboratories of the
LMU, 5 underground
stations, as well as several schools.
The Großhadern department is located in the fire stations 2,3 and 6 and is deployed in major urban areas throughout the entire city of Munich.
Department Sendling
![Plan München FF Sendling](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Plan_M%C3%BCnchen_FF_Sendling.png)
In Sendling, as a result of a severe fire, a
Volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
was founded in 1869. This was incorporated, with the incorporation of
Sendling
Sendling is a borough of Munich. It is located south-west of the city centre and spans the city boroughs Sendling and Sendling-Westpark. Sendling is subdivided into Obersendling, Mittersendling and Untersendling. Untersendling and Mittersendli ...
s in 1877, in the Munich fire department and was therefore the first outside Munich-based fire department of Munich. In 1889, it was decided to found another company near the ''Schlachthof München'' (slaughterhouse), which, like the company from
Thalkirchen, was combined with the fire department in Sendling during the reorganization of the Munich volunteer fire department. The vehicles were housed in the fire station of the Sendlinger fire department, while the comrades in the slaughterhouse district and in Thalkirchen were placed at assembly stations, where they could be picked up by the professional fire department. During the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, this fire station and all the equipment of the fire department were destroyed in a
bombing raid
Strategic bombing is a military strategy used in total war with the goal of defeating the enemy by destroying its morale, its economic ability to produce and transport materiel to the theatres of military operations, or both. It is a systematic ...
.
In 1972, with the comrades of the fire department
Großhadern
Großhadern (in the town district Hadern) is a district in the south-west of the Bavarian state capital Munich. Großhadern is primarily a bourgeois residential area. Exceptions are the so-called "village core" with numerous small shops as well as ...
created a fire group Waldfriedhofviertel, which would move out together with Großhadern. This fire group received a fire brigade vehicle in 1974 and was able to move out independently, and through time the group allocated more vehicles. Only in November 1980, this department was again named Sendling, after they had received a new fire station in the Zillertalstraße.
![GW N](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/GW_N.JPG)
In Sendling are currently two
rescue fire engines 20/16, two equipment vehicles, a team transport vehicle and three motorcycles stationed as
Despatch rider
A despatch rider (or dispatch) is a military messenger, mounted on horse or motorcycle (and occasionally in Egypt during World War I, on camels).
In the UK 'despatch rider' is also a term used for a motorcycle courier.
Despatch riders were use ...
s.
Department Solln
![Feuerwehrhaus Solln](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Feuerwehrhaus_Solln.jpg)
The volunteer fire department Solln, founded in 1873, was later integrated into the Munich fire department. Today, the department
Solln is active with a
rescue fire engine 20/16 and two fire engines 16/12.
Area west
Department Allach
The Department
Allach exists since 1874 and was founded under the name
Volunteer Fire Department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
Allach. In 1938, the incorporation of Allach into the city of Munich took place and from then, for more than sixty years, the independent volunteer fire department Allach was the Fire squad 27 of the Munich volunteer fire department.
On 1 June 1946, the roadhouse ''Trinkl'' was elected as the first fire
squadron leader
Squadron leader (Sqn Ldr in the RAF ; SQNLDR in the RAAF and RNZAF; formerly sometimes S/L in all services) is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence. It is also ...
after the war. At this time, 15 active
firefighter
A firefighter is a first responder and rescuer extensively trained in firefighting, primarily to extinguish hazardous fires that threaten life, property, and the environment as well as to rescue people and in some cases or jurisdictions also ...
s still belonged to the fire squad Allach. In 1974, the department Allach celebrated its 100th anniversary.
The Allach department currently has an HLF 20/16 rescue fire engine, two LF 16/12
firefighting
Firefighting is the act of extinguishing or preventing the spread of unwanted fires from threatening human lives and destroying property and the environment. A person who engages in firefighting is known as a firefighter.
Firefighters typically ...
vehicles and one MZF
multi-purpose vehicle
Minivan (sometimes called simply as van) is a North American car classification for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe i ...
. The active team includes over 50 comrades. Making the Allach department one of the strongest personnel departments of the Munich volunteer fire department. The youth fire department of the department offers about 10 young people, aged 12 to 17 years, various leisure activities with a strong reference to fire-related topics. On average, the Allach department handles 150 missions a year, with technical assistance dealing with severe weather damage and fire fighting making up the bulk of the alarms.
Department Aubing
The first reports of an ''Löschmaschine'' (fire apparatus) in
Aubing date as far back as 1856. The official founding of the
Volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
Aubing is 1 January 1882. In the course of the incorporation of Aubing to Munich, the fire department was taken over as the fire squad 29 of the Munich volunteer fire department.
Location of the department Aubing is the fire station at Ubostraße 11. Their active area includes Aubing, Aubing East, West Cross, Neuaubing and
Freiham. In addition, there is the Moosschwaige, the Aubinger Lohe and ''
Bundesautobahn 99
is an autobahn in southern Germany. It is the Munich outer ring road.
History
Due to the Second World War, the construction was begun only in places, the clearest evidence of the construction activity at that time is the Allach-Untermenzing ...
'' with the ''Aubinger Tunnel''.
The fleet currently includes a
multi-purpose vehicle
Minivan (sometimes called simply as van) is a North American car classification for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows. The equivalent classification in Europe i ...
(fire department), a
rescue fire engine 20/16, a fire engine 20 for civil protection and a fire engine 16/12. In addition, the "Association of Friends of the Volunteer Fire Department Aubing" possesses
horse-drawn fire engines. This is traditionally used at the
Wiesn
The Oktoberfest (; bar, Wiesn, Oktobafest) is the world's largest Volksfest, featuring a beer festival and a travelling carnival. It is held annually in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It is a 16- to 18-day folk festival running from mid- or lat ...
opening, in historical uniforms. From the association were also
AED and
thermal imaging cameras procured. This means that the HLF can be used as a
First Responder
A first responder is a person with specialized training who is among the first to arrive and provide assistance or incident resolution at the scene of an emergency, such as an accident, disaster, medical emergency, structure fire, crime, or terr ...
vehicle, as is the case with almost all departments of the FF München (prerequisite: personnel with training as
paramedic
A paramedic is a registered healthcare professional who works autonomously across a range of health and care settings and may specialise in clinical practice, as well as in education, leadership, and research.
Not all ambulance personnel are p ...
s are on the vehicle).
The youth group of the department is integrated into the area West.
Department Moosach
The
Moosach
Moosach is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Ebersberg and a member of the ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (administrative community) of Glonn.
Geography
The community lies in a picturesque setting in an ice-age moraine landscape a ...
department of the Munich
volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
can now look back on more than 125 years of history. Since the middle of the 19th century, there was a mandatory municipal fire department in the former village of Moosach near Munich. This was replaced by the founding of the volunteer fire department in Moosach on 8 April 1879, Paul Berthold sen. was the first commander. As part of the incorporation of the village Moosach to Munich in 1913, the volunteer fire department Moosach was incorporated into the municipal fire department of the city of Munich as Division 8. Out of 14 active members drafted in the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, only four returned at the end of the war. On 25 December 1925, the department was the first Munich volunteer fire department to receive a motorized sprayer with a three-stage
Magirus
Magirus GmbH is a truck manufacturer based in Ulm, Germany, founded by Conrad Dietrich Magirus (1824–1895). It was formerly known as Klöckner Humboldt Deutz AG, maker of the Deutz engines, so the brand commonly used was Magirus Deutz, and for ...
high-pressure
centrifugal pump
Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor. They are a sub-class of dynamic ...
and a capacity of 800 to 1000 liters / minute.
On 21 April 1931, the Moosach department put the first automobile vehicle into active service at the Munich volunteer fire department. In 1933, the Moosach department was divided up and integrated into the general fire protection police. In the spring of 1945, the re-establishment of the Department 8 of the Munich volunteer fire department took place under commander Josef Heinrich. In 1954, the 75th anniversary of its founding was celebrated with a flag-consecration. In 1972, the so-called silent alerts were replaced by
radio alarm receiver at the Moosach department, the first department of the Munich volunteer fire department to do so and it was introduced on the occasion of the
Olympics
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...
. On 19 March 1979, the present fire station was handed over to the department Moosach. The old fire station was demolished in 1980. From 4 to 6 May 1979, the 100th anniversary of its founding was celebrated. In 1982, the Moosach department founded the first youth group of the Munich fire department, which celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2007. In 1993, Munich's first female fire fighter started her service in the Moosach department and successfully completed her basic training. On 2 May 2004, the Moosach department celebrated its 125th anniversary.
The Moosach department currently has a 20/16 rescue fire engine, a 16/12 fire engine and a multi-purpose vehicle.
Department Obermenzing
The department Obermenzing currently has a fire engine 16/12 and a rescue fire engine 20/16 and a crew transport vehicle.
Department Langwied-Lochhausen
The founding of the volunteer fire department
Langwied-Lochhausen took place in 1878, during the tenure of Simon Heitmeier as mayor or Lochhausen . The first commander of the Langwied-Lochhausen fire department was Martin Naßl, who was elected at the constituent meeting on 5 March 1878. After the incorporation of Langwied-Lochhausen as the 40th municipality of the City of Munich on 1 April 1942, the formerly independent fire department of the village as fire brigade 30 was incorporated into the Munich
volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
.
Today the department Langwied-Lochhausen consists of about 30 active fire service providers (including the
youth fire brigade), which can rely on a high-quality fleet and equipment pool.
* HLF type "Munich": In the middle of 2011, the department was one of the last to received the standard vehicle of the Munich fire department Munich as first responders. Amenities include an additional
AED and advanced medical equipment.
* LF 16/12: Standard vehicle of the FF Munich which is additionally equipped with
thermal imaging cameras, AED, and
pulse oximeter
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings are typically within 2% accuracy (within 4% accuracy in 95% of cases) of the more accurate (and invasive) reading of ...
.
* TLF 16/25: Additionally loaded with an E-sucker and optionally with a fast-action boat and associated equipment for water and ice rescue. In addition, it is used as a towing vehicle for the VSA (traffic safety trailer) of the department, which is responsible for the area A8 / A99.
* MZF: The
MB Sprinter, which was taken over from the
US Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
, was converted into a fire engine by the comrades themselves. It serves beyond response support to the youth fire brigade as well as the association work.
In addition to the mentioned vehicles, a multi-purpose trailer is available, which can be used for a wide variety of transports.
Department Ludwigsfeld
The department Ludwigsfeld is located in the area west. Currently, Ludwigsfeld has a 16/12
fire engine
A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an i ...
and a 20/16
rescue fire engine, as well as a utility truck, which is also used as a driving school vehicle to train new drivers within the Volunteer fire department.
Youth fire department
Munich
Youth Fire Brigade was founded in 1982 in the Moosach department of the Munich
Volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond t ...
and celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2007. The youth group is now an integral part of the Munich volunteer fire department. It is divided into five groups, in which around 250 boys and girls, between the ages of 12 and 18, actively deal with issues pertaining to
firefighting
Firefighting is the act of extinguishing or preventing the spread of unwanted fires from threatening human lives and destroying property and the environment. A person who engages in firefighting is known as a firefighter.
Firefighters typically ...
. The members of the youth fire brigade are trained in fire-fighting technology and
first aid
First aid is the first and immediate assistance given to any person with either a minor or serious illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, or to promote recovery. It includes initial in ...
, additionally there is an extensive leisure program.
Training
The professional fire department contenders are trained in correspondence with the current national German regulations for example the transnational agreements, including those of the ''Institut der Feuerwehr Nordrhein-Westfalen'' (Institute of the Fire department North Rhine-Westphalia), depending on the
qualification level (two to four). At the fire department school on FW2, training is mainly provided in the courses BI (basic course) and BIII (group leader course or equivalent courses after the administrative reform). The fire engine driver training courses (BIV) take place at the ''Feuerwehrschule Geretsried'' (SFSG).
The training of the volunteer fire department is carried out by the Training and Education Center (TAZ) in cooperation with the professional fire department. Except for special subjects, all courses up to and including the qualification level Group Leader (FIII) are offered in Munich. The basic training of FF München extends over a period of 3 years and lasts a total of 350 hours in a variety of different courses (see FwDV2 233 hours). It is completed with the qualification to
Squadron Leader
Squadron leader (Sqn Ldr in the RAF ; SQNLDR in the RAAF and RNZAF; formerly sometimes S/L in all services) is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence. It is also ...
(FII) and the promotion to leading fireman / woman.
Emergency medical service
The emergency medical service in the city and in the
districts of Munich was founded in 1966 by the professional fire department and is still in operation today ("Rettungsdienstzweckverband München"). Since then, nine
hospital
A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emerge ...
s provide a physician specializing in
internal medicine,
surgery
Surgery ''cheirourgikē'' (composed of χείρ, "hand", and ἔργον, "work"), via la, chirurgiae, meaning "hand work". is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pat ...
or
anesthesia
Anesthesia is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical or veterinary purposes. It may include some or all of analgesia (relief from or prevention of pain), paralysis (muscle relaxation), ...
for service on the three ambulance and eight
emergency doctor vehicles. The Munich
emergency doctors are called out about 80 times a day.
Emergency doctor location
The vehicles for the emergency medical service are stationed in the Surgical Clinic of the
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's sixth-oldest university in continuous operatio ...
city center (Florian Munich middle 70/1), in the
hospital Großhadern (Florian Munich Großhadern 76/1), in the surgical hospital Munich south (Florian Munich Thalkirchen 76 / 1) in Thalkirchen, in Klinikum Schwabing (Florian München Schwabing 70/1), on Feuerwache 10 (Florian München Riem 76/1), in Klinikum München Pasing (Florian München Pasing 76/1), in the Klinikum Dritter Orden (Florian München Nymphenburg 70/1), the
Helmholtz Zentrum München
Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), also known as Helmholtz Munich, is a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres. It was founded in 1960 and is a joint venture by the Fede ...
(Florian Neuherberg 76/1), the town hospital Bogenhausen (Florian München Bogenhausen 76/1), the fire station 9 (Florian München Neuperlach 76/1) and the fire station of the volunteer fire department
Ottobrunn
Ottobrunn () is a municipality southeast of Munich, Bavaria, Germany, founded in 1955. Ottobrunn consists of mainly semi-detached and detached houses, as well as extensive garden areas. Ottobrunn is also the German Headquarters of Airbus Defense ...
(Florian Ottobrunn 76/1). In addition, an ambulance is stationed on the
rescue helicopter
Air medical services is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transportation, aeroplane or helicopter, to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. Personnel provide comprehensive prehospital and emergency and cri ...
Christoph 1 (location Klinikum Harlaching). The ITH Christoph München, which is mainly used for transfers, is also available 24 hours a day for emergencies at the Klinikum Großhadern, which is staffed by two pilots, an emergency doctor and an air rescue assistant with
intensive nursing additional training.
NEF or NAW
Most German cities have switched to a rendezvous system; meaning the emergency doctor is brought to the place of deployment with a car, the
emergency medical vehicle (NEF).
Despite the results of a study commissioned by the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior (TRUST = Trend and Structure Analysis of the Rescue Service in Bavaria) and the corresponding recommendation of the Institute for Emergency Medicine of the
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (simply University of Munich or LMU; german: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It is Germany's sixth-oldest university in continuous operatio ...
, to change all Bavarian NAW into NEF, they continue to use the emergency ambulance (NAW) in addition to the
emergency medical vehicle (NEF) in Munich.
Since it is assumed that the NAW is critical to the rendezvous system in the densely populated neighborhoods, a NAW is still stationed at the ''Chirurgischen Klinik Innenstadt'' (Surgical Clinic), the ''Dritter Orden Hospital'' and the Schwabing Hospital. However, if the emergency doctor has significantly longer travel times, an ambulance or a
first-responder vehicle of a fire station (Munich HLF) or a relief organization such as the ''Bayerisches Rotes Kreuz'' (Bavarian Red Cross) or ''Malteser Hilfsdienst'' (Malteser emergency service), is sent ahead.
Special Emergency Physicians
In addition to these normal emergency physicians, Munich also has a
pediatric
Pediatrics ( also spelled ''paediatrics'' or ''pædiatrics'') is the branch of medicine that involves the medical care of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. In the United Kingdom, paediatrics covers many of their youth until the ...
emergency doctor, who is additionally alerted by the
Integrated Control Center in case of emergencies involving children under the age of 12. The doctor rotates weekly with one of the four children's hospitals in Munich. The vehicle ''Florian München 76/10'' has its base at the main fire station, but is stationed at the hospital on duty. In addition, there is also a neonatal emergency doctor from the ranks of the children's specialists of the
cardiological intensive care unit of the German Heart Center. Which is particularly alarmed in problem births - i.e., sudden birth at home or problematic births in clinics that have no
neonatal intensive care unit
A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), also known as an intensive care nursery (ICN), is an intensive care unit (ICU) specializing in the care of ill or premature newborn infants. Neonatal refers to the first 28 days of life. Neonatal care, as kn ...
. The neonatal emergency doctor and an
intensive care worker are then picked up by the ambulance Florian München 70/30, who has a mobile
incubator
An incubator is anything that performs or facilitates various forms of incubation, and may refer to:
Biology and medicine
* Incubator (culture), a device used to grow and maintain microbiological cultures or cell cultures
* Incubator (egg), a de ...
on board. Therefore, a newborn child can be supplied with intensive care until it is brought to a
suitable children's intensive care unit.
In addition, there is a
toxicological
Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms and the practice of diagnosing and treating expos ...
emergency medical service in Munich, which can help in the case of poisoning emergencies on the spot with the two large rescue vehicles.
Involvement of the fire department in the rescue service
In Munich, the professional fire department takes over the
emergency medical service
Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are emergency services that provide urgent pre-hospital treatment and stabilisation for serious illness and injuries and transport to definitive care. ...
, while ambulances are occupied by aid organizations and private rescue services. In addition, the ELRD (organizational leader ambulance service) is alternately provided by the BF (fire service) and the aid organizations. These include, in addition to the ''Bayerisches Rotes Kreuz'' (Bavarian Red Cross), the ''
Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe )
, formation = 1952
, type = '' Eingetragener Verein''
, status =
, purpose = Medical care, humanitarian relief, youth programmes
, headquarters = Berlin
, location = Germ ...
'', the ''Malteser Hilfsdienst'' (Malteser emergency service) and the "Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund" (workers good Samaritan association). The private emergency services, which have been involved in emergency rescue since 1998, are mainly represented by the two companies MKT and ''Aicher Ambulanz-Union'' - they provide 6 or 8 RTW, and which meanwhile also provide ELRD units. In addition, the company IMS occupies an ambulance. Some of the rescue vehicles of the relief organizations and private rescue services are also stationed at the fire stations of the professional fire department.
At the fire stations, ambulances of the professional fire department are also stationed, which disengage with the fire engine each time. In the normal rescue service, they are not actually involved, since they serve for self-protection or to assist the staff on the fire engine. The crew has, in contrast to the other ambulance crews, a medical and firefighting training. If no ambulance of the regular rescue service is available, they are alerted to peak coverage. The same applies to the ambulances of the works fire service
BMW,
Krauss-Maffei
KraussMaffei is a German manufacturer of injection molding machines, machines for plastics extrusion technology, and reaction process machinery. It was acquired by ChemChina in 2016.
History Locomotives
KraussMaffei was formed in 1931 from a me ...
,
MTU /
MAN
A man is an adult male human. Prior to adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromos ...
and
TU Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; german: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.
Establis ...
in
Garching
Garching bei München (''Garching near Munich'') or Garching is a town in Bavaria, Germany, near Munich. It is the home of several research institutes and university departments on its campus. It became a city on 14 September 1990.
Location
The ...
.
Specialties
Height Rescue
![Höhenrettung Feuerwehr München 2982](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/H%C3%B6henrettung_Feuerwehr_M%C3%BCnchen_2982.jpg)
Since May 1996 the Munich professional fire department maintains a
height rescue group at the fire station in Föhring, from which five personnel are constantly on duty. They are part of the normal fire service and attend to conventional firefighting operations. About 110 times a year, however, they must also be alerted, since conventional life-saving equipment such as turntables, fall protection or the like is no longer sufficient. They also working closely with several air rescue services, which also help with
rescue helicopters if necessary.
A Germany-wide unique cooperation exists between the hospital Bogenhausen and the height rescuers, since about 50 emergency physicians of this hospital were trained in height rescue. This also makes it possible to provide patients in exposed locations with
emergency medical care
Emergency medicine is the medical speciality concerned with the care of illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention. Emergency physicians (often called “ER doctors” in the United States) continuously learn to care for unsche ...
and only then to rescue them through technical measures.
Water rescue / ice rescue
Due to civil service regulations, all professional firefighters in Germany have completed training as a
lifeguard
A lifeguard is a rescuer who supervises the safety and rescue of swimmers, surfers, and other water sports participants such as in a swimming pool, water park, beach, spa, river and lake. Lifeguards are trained in swimming and CPR/ AED first a ...
(at the minimum the
German rescue swimming badge
The German rescue swimming badge (German: ''Deutsches Rettungsschwimmabzeichen'') is awarded by the Wasserwacht of the German Red Cross and the DLRG for proficiency in rescue swimming skills. The German rescue swimming badge is awarded in bronze, ...
in bronze). In addition, located at the fire stations 5 and 6, are a group of divers who disengage with their
water rescue equipment vehicle in addition to the appropriate guards. Also, at the fire station 6, the training for fire fighter divers and fire service
diving instructor
A diving instructor is a person who trains and usually also assesses competence of underwater divers. This includes freedivers, recreational divers including the subcategory technical divers, and professional divers which includes military, co ...
takes place.
In order to save time, two divers of the fire station 5 are picked up by a rescue helicopter and flown directly to the place of the incident. In order to be able to provide effective assistance even before the arrival of the divers group, all other fire stations and fire station houses are also equipped with water rescue equipment. Also, for ice rescue, the corresponding units move out regularly.
Pressure chamber
In order to be able to treat diver accidents, there is also a stationary
pressure chamber
A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.
Construction methods and materials may be chosen to suit the pressure application, and will depend on the size o ...
(center for
hyperbaric medicine
Hyperbaric medicine is medical treatment in which an ambient pressure greater than sea level atmospheric pressure is a necessary component. The treatment comprises hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), the medical use of oxygen at an ambient pressure ...
) at the fire station 5, which is also suitable for the treatment of smoke poisoning and other intoxications. The pressure chamber is one of the few in Germany, which is on 24 hours standby and the appropriate medical professionals, for example
diving physician, is available immediately. As a result, and through the corresponding technical equipment,
intensive care
Intensive care medicine, also called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening. It includes pro ...
of the patient is possible in the pressure chamber.
Analytical Task Force (ATF)
Since 2010 in Munich, there is also a joint Analytical Task Force made up from the volunteer and professional fire departments.
Air Operations Unit
The air operations unit has been in operation since 2008, and carries out forest firefighting from the air and transports equipment and personnel to hardly accessible areas in cooperation with helicopters of other organizations such as military, federal and state police. The Air Operations Unit also sets up and operates outdoor landing sites (weather forecasting, flight information / guidance). For forest fire fighting, the unit has two 900 L and two 5000 L
containers
A container is any receptacle or enclosure for holding a product used in storage, packaging, and transportation, including shipping.
Things kept inside of a container are protected on several sides by being inside of its structure. The term ...
(see Dept. Waldperlach), as well as various additional material (e.g. 7000 L folding containers, forest fire fighting equipment).
Integrated dispatch and control center
Munich operates the Bavaria wide oldest integrated dispatch and control center, which coordinates approximately 1,400 daily operations of the fire department, rescue service,
THW
The (THW, English: ''Federal Agency for Technical Relief'') is the federal civil protection organisation of Germany. It is controlled by the German federal government. 99% of its 79,543 members (2019) are volunteers.
Tasks
The tasks of the ...
and civil protection in Munich (emergency services of the districts also) and dispatches 540 vehicles. For this purpose, the dispatchers can fall back on a firefighting and rescue service training, as well as several years of operational experience.
The Integrated Dispatch and Control Center includes management rooms to enable the Civil Protection
Operations Staff to coordinate large-scale operations. It also serves nationwide as a counseling center in dealing with hazardous substances and provides further help, if necessary, such as TUIS, ATF. It is also responsible throughout Bavaria for the coordination of intensive
care transport helicopters, as well as the distribution and availability of beds for severely burned casualties.
The control center receives an emergency call on average every 30 seconds. In order to cope with the number of calls, the Integrated Control Center has 24
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the digitalised circuits of the public switched telephone network. Wo ...
channels for the European
emergency call
Most public switched telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number (sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or the emergency services number) that allows a caller to contact local emergency services for assista ...
112 and 16 ISDN channels for the number 19222. These can be queried from 21 places at the same time, whereby in large operations and storms eight additional telephone workstations can be switched on. As a backup, since October 2005, an "emergency ILST" was implemented and is housed in the FW 1. In order to enable the deaf to request help, it is also possible to send an emergency
fax
Fax (short for facsimile), sometimes called telecopying or telefax (the latter short for telefacsimile), is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material (both text and images), normally to a telephone number connected to a printer o ...
. The processing of the mission data is therefore done with computer assistance.
Over nine
radio channels of the
4-meter band
The 4-metre (70 MHz) band is an amateur radio band within the lower part of the very high frequency (VHF) band.
As only a few countries within and outside of Europe have allocated the band for amateur radio access, the availability of dedica ...
and 16
2-meter band
The 2-meter amateur radio band is a portion of the VHF radio spectrum that comprises frequencies stretching from 144 MHz to 148 MHz in International Telecommunication Union region (ITU) Regions 2 (North and South America plus Hawaii) ...
s, as well as
digital radio
Digital radio is the use of digital technology to transmit or receive across the radio spectrum. Digital transmission by radio waves includes digital broadcasting, and especially digital audio radio services.
Types
In digital broadcasting syst ...
, not only units can be alerted but they can also communicate with them, a radio network in the subway and S-Bahn also exists, as well as in special buildings (e.g.
high-rise building
A tower block, high-rise, apartment tower, residential tower, apartment block, block of flats, or office tower is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdictio ...
s so-called building
wireless
Wireless communication (or just wireless, when the context allows) is the transfer of information between two or more points without the use of an electrical conductor, optical fiber or other continuous guided medium for the transfer. The most ...
) therefore a connection with the emergency services is also possible.
In 2017, the Integrated Control Center moved from its previous location, the FW3, to the newly built FW4 in Schwabing.
Disaster control
![KELF Feuerwehr München](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/KELF_Feuerwehr_M%C3%BCnchen.jpg)
The Munich disaster control is made up from the professional fire department, the volunteer fire department, the worker ''
Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland
or ASB (English: Workers' Samaritan Foundation Germany) is a German charitable aid agency founded in 1888.
History
The industrial revolution of the 19th century led to a dramatic increase in accidents at work. Therefore, in 1877 the St. Jo ...
'' (Samariter federation), the ''Bayerisches Rotes Kreuz'' (Bavarian
red cross
The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a Humanitarianism, humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million Volunteering, volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure re ...
), the ''
Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe )
, formation = 1952
, type = '' Eingetragener Verein''
, status =
, purpose = Medical care, humanitarian relief, youth programmes
, headquarters = Berlin
, location = Germ ...
'', the ''Malteser Hilfsdienst e.V.'' (Malteser relief service), the ''
DLRG
The German Life Saving Association (german: Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-Gesellschaft or DLRG) is a relief organization for life saving in Germany. The DLRG is the largest voluntary lifesaving organization in the world.
With around 560,000 membe ...
'' (German life rescue society), the ''
Technisches Hilfswerk
The (THW, English: ''Federal Agency for Technical Relief'') is the federal civil protection organisation of Germany. It is controlled by the German federal government. 99% of its 79,543 members (2019) are volunteers.
Tasks
The tasks of t ...
'' (Federal institute for technical assistance organization) and the air rescue services. Volunteer members from these organizations that are involved in disaster protection were exempted from
military service
Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, air forces, and naval forces, whether as a chosen job (volunteer) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).
Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require a ...
.
Effective action by these units is particularly dependent on a well-organized governance structure. Therefore, damage areas are divided into operational sections, which are led and coordinated by the local operations manager. In the event of a
mass-casualty incident
A mass casualty incident (often shortened to MCI) describes an incident in which emergency medical services resources, such as personnel and equipment, are overwhelmed by the number and severity of casualties. For example, an incident where a ...
, additional assistance from a senior emergency physician and the organizational director (so-called sanitary mission management SanEL) is provided. The Integrated Control Center is responsible for passing on information and instructions to the individual operational units.
The central vehicle hall for the Munich disaster control is the Zeppelinhalle in the district Sendling. Also located there are large-scale warehouses for
aid
In international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid, economic aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another.
Ai ...
organizations.
Civil Protection
The civil protection targets particularly at civilian protection in the
case of required defense. The organization works parallel to the disaster control. In addition, however, the Munich Fire Department is also particularly active in the area of provisioning. For this purpose, it maintains thirty protection facilities, which also include large protection rooms, basic shelters and
bunker
A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people and valued materials from falling bombs, artillery, or other attacks. Bunkers are almost always underground, in contrast to blockhouses which are mostly above ground. ...
s. In addition, the fire department school in Munich regularly offers instruction seminars for companies and citizens.
A special area of activity for the civilian protection is the drinking
water supply
Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities, commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes. Public water supply systems are crucial to properly functioning societies. Thes ...
. This is guaranteed by a system of shallow and deep
wells
Wells most commonly refers to:
* Wells, Somerset, a cathedral city in Somerset, England
* Well, an excavation or structure created in the ground
* Wells (name)
Wells may also refer to:
Places Canada
*Wells, British Columbia
England
* Wells ...
throughout the city, whose connections are camouflaged for safety reasons.
Municipal Fire Department Association Munich
The Municipal Fire Department Association München e.V., founded on 20 September 1993, unites all Munich fire departments into an interest group. The
board
Board or Boards may refer to:
Flat surface
* Lumber, or other rigid material, milled or sawn flat
** Plank (wood)
** Cutting board
** Sounding board, of a musical instrument
* Cardboard (paper product)
* Paperboard
* Fiberboard
** Hardboard, a ty ...
consists of the head of the professional fire department (1st chairman), the acting commander of the volunteer fire department (1st vice chairman) and another person to be elected (2nd vice chairman).
If necessary, the individual members of the Municipal Fire Department Association can support one another in missions and carry out joint exercises.
The Municipal Fire Department Association organizes a
symposium
In ancient Greece, the symposium ( grc-gre, συμπόσιον ''symposion'' or ''symposio'', from συμπίνειν ''sympinein'', "to drink together") was a part of a banquet that took place after the meal, when drinking for pleasure was acc ...
every year, during which experts talk about current topics related to fire protection and technical assistance.
See also
"Die Geschichte der Münchner Berufsfeuerwehr" (The history of the Munich fire department) on muenchen.de
References
External links
StadtfeuerwehrverbandBranddirektion MünchenFreiwillige Feuerwehr München
{{Authority control
1866 establishments in Bavaria
Fire departments of Germany
Government of Munich
Government agencies established in 1866