Mulhouse Zoo
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The Mulhouse Zoological and Botanical Park is a French
zoological park A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for conservation purposes. The term ''zoological garden'' refers to zool ...
located in the
Grand Est Grand Est (; gsw-FR, Grossa Oschta; Moselle Franconian/ lb, Grouss Osten; Rhine Franconian: ''Groß Oschte''; german: Großer Osten ; en, "Great East") is an administrative region in Northeastern France. It superseded three former administrat ...
region in the departement of
Haut-Rhin Haut-Rhin (, ; Alsatian: ''Owerelsàss'' or '; german: Oberelsass, ) is a department in the Grand Est region of France, bordering both Germany and Switzerland. It is named after the river Rhine. Its name means ''Upper Rhine''. Haut-Rhin is the ...
, in the southeast of the city of
Mulhouse Mulhouse (; Alsatian language, Alsatian: or , ; ; meaning ''Mill (grinding), mill house'') is a city of the Haut-Rhin Departments of France, department, in the Grand Est Regions of France, region, eastern France, close to the France–Switzerl ...
, district of Rebberg. Created in 1868 by philanthropists industrialists, led by Charles Thierry-Mieg son, he was successively the property of the ''Cercle mulhousien'', of the Industrial Society of Mulhouse, and then of the City from 1893. It is now managed by the agglomeration community of Mulhouse region, Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération. Its director is, since 2010, the veterinary Brice Lefaux. Located on the edge of the Tannenwald forest, it covers 25 hectares and present more than 900 animals of 170 species, as well as 3,500 plant varieties. Among the major park facilities are the ''Grand Nord'' area dedicated to Arctic wildlife (
polar bear The polar bear (''Ursus maritimus'') is a hypercarnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses. It is the largest extant bear specie ...
s,
muskoxen The muskox (''Ovibos moschatus'', in Latin "musky sheep-ox"), also spelled musk ox and musk-ox, plural muskoxen or musk oxen (in iu, ᐅᒥᖕᒪᒃ, umingmak; in Woods Cree: ), is a hoofed mammal of the family Bovidae. Native to the Arctic, i ...
, arctic foxes...) and an Asian multispecies pen. The park holds the national label " remarkable garden" of the ministry of Culture for its botanical collections: remarkable trees, irises, peonies and
rhododendron ''Rhododendron'' (; from Ancient Greek ''rhódon'' "rose" and ''déndron'' "tree") is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are nati ...
s gardens. The zoo, which is a permanent member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA), is engaged in ''ex situ'' conservation by participating in
European Endangered Species Programme The EAZA Ex-situ Programme (EEP) is a population management and conservation programme by European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) for wild animals living in European zoos. The programme was formerly known as the European Endangered Species ...
s (EEP), which it coordinates nine of them (for five species of monkeys, three species of lemurs and one species of wallaby). It also supports ''in situ'' conservation associations working in the field and have already
reintroduced Species reintroduction is the deliberate release of a species into the wild, from captivity or other areas where the organism is capable of survival. The goal of species reintroduction is to establish a healthy, genetically diverse, self-sustainin ...
animals in their natural environment, in France and in Africa. It is also a member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) and of
Botanic Gardens Conservation International Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) is a plant conservation biology, conservation Charitable organization, charity based in Kew, Surrey, England. It is a membership organisation, working with 800 botanic gardens in 118 countries, who ...
(BGCI). In 2014, it was the eleventh zoological park of France in terms of frequentation, with 400,000 visitors.


History

The park was created in 1868 as a romantic landscape garden, funded by industrial philanthropists, with a zoo whose collection included
kangaroo Kangaroos are four marsupials from the family Macropodidae (macropods, meaning "large foot"). In common use the term is used to describe the largest species from this family, the red kangaroo, as well as the antilopine kangaroo, eastern gre ...
,
deer Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
and birds. In the war of 1870, however, the park was shut and its animals sold. After it changed owners twice, the city purchased the park in 1893, and it has remained in municipal ownership since. Although heavily damaged during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, it was restored by 1950.


Animals

Today the zoo keeps more than 900 animals representing 170 species, including many species of tropical birds and monkeys, and 94 species that are rare and endangered, and is dedicated to preserving rare species of plants and animals. In the children's zoo, visitors can walk through the enclosure and approach and touch the animals, which include Moroccan dwarf
goat The goat or domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') is a domesticated species of goat-antelope typically kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the wild goat (''C. aegagrus'') of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the a ...
s, Indian Runner ducks, brahma cocks, and
red river hog The red river hog (''Potamochoerus porcus'') or bushpig (a named also used for the '' Potamochoerus larvatus''), is a wild member of the pig family living in Africa, with most of its distribution in the Guinean and Congolian forests. It is rarel ...
s. Other animals which can be seen in this area include
rabbit Rabbits, also known as bunnies or bunny rabbits, are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also contains the hares) of the order Lagomorpha (which also contains the pikas). ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' includes the European rabbit speci ...
s, Poitou donkeys, and llamas. There is a play area next to the
children's zoo A petting zoo (also called a children's zoo, children's farm, or petting farm) features a combination of List of domesticated animals, domesticated animals and some wildlife, wild species that are docile enough to touch and feed. In addition to ...
.


Gardens

The park contains 400 kinds of iris in spring and 100
cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...
s (varieties) of dahlias in summer, trees shaped into fantastic forms, and a collection of rare and endangered plants that includes
Catharanthus ''Catharanthus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. Like the genus ''Vinca'', they are known commonly as periwinkles. There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar,Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...
(7 taxa),
Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...
(22 taxa), and
Madeira ) , anthem = ( en, "Anthem of the Autonomous Region of Madeira") , song_type = Regional anthem , image_map=EU-Portugal_with_Madeira_circled.svg , map_alt=Location of Madeira , map_caption=Location of Madeira , subdivision_type=Sovereign st ...
(11 taxa). It also features a garden of the senses for the blind, with signs in
braille Braille (Pronounced: ) is a tactile writing system used by people who are visually impaired, including people who are Blindness, blind, Deafblindness, deafblind or who have low vision. It can be read either on Paper embossing, embossed paper ...
and plants chosen for their smell and touch. The park is listed by the French Ministry of Culture as one of the
Remarkable Gardens of France The Remarkable Gardens of France is intended to be a list and description, by region, of the more than three hundred gardens classified as ''"Jardins remarquables"'' by the Ministry of Culture (France), Ministry of Culture and the Comi ...
.


See also

* List of botanical gardens in France


References


External links

* * {{authority control Buildings and structures in Mulhouse Mulhouse, Parc Zoologique et Botanique de Mulhouse, Parc Zoologique et Botanique de Mulhouse, Parc Zoologique et Botanique de Buildings and structures in Haut-Rhin Tourist attractions in Haut-Rhin Zoos established in 1868 Organizations based in Grand Est