Muhammad Miyan Deobandi (4 October 1903 - 24 October 1975) was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar, academic, historian, freedom struggle activist, who served as the fifth general secretary of the

Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind or Jamiat Ulama-i-Hind () is one of the leading organizations of Islamic scholars belonging to the Deobandi school of thought in India. It was founded in November 1919 by a group of Muslim scholars including Abdul Bari Fi ...

. He wrote books such as ''Aseeraan-e-Malta'', ''Ulama-e-Hind Ka Shaandar Maazi'' and ''Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname''.

Biography

Muhammad Miyan Deobandi was born Muzaffar Miyan on 4 October 1903 in Deoband. He began his studies at home and read the

Qur'an The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , s ...

from his maternal grandmother. He studied some books of Persian and Urdu with Khalīl Aḥmad in

Muzaffarnagar Muzaffarnagar is a city under Muzaffarnagar District in the Indian State of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated midway on the Delhi - Haridwar/ Dehradun National Highway (NH 58) and is also well connected with the national railway network. It is ...

. In 1916, Miyan Deobandi entered the Persian class of the Darul Uloom Deoband and graduated in the traditional

dars-e-nizami Dars-i Nizami is a study curriculum or system used in many Islamic institutions ( madrassas) and Dar Ul Ulooms, which originated in the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century and can now also be found in parts of South Africa, Canada, the United ...

in 1925. His teachers include

Anwar Shah Kashmiri Anwar Shah Kashmiri (known with honorifics as ''Sayyid Muḥammad Anwar Shāh ibn Mu‘aẓẓam Shāh al-Kashmīrī''; 16 November 1875 – 28 May 1933) was a Kashmiri Muslim scholar and jurist who served as the first principal of Madrasa Ami ...

, Asghar Hussain Deobandi,

Izaz Ali Amrohi Izaz Ali Amrohi ( ur, ; November 1882 – 1955) was an Indian Islamic scholar who served as the second and ninth Grand Mufti of the Darul Uloom Deoband. His book ''Nafahtul Arab'' is taught in madrassas including the Darul Uloom Deoband. Biogr ...

and

Shabbir Ahmad Usmani Shabbir Ahmad Usmani (11 October 188713 December 1949) was an Islamic scholar who supported the Pakistan Movement in the 1940s. He was a religious scholar, writer, orator, politician, and expert in Tafsir and Hadith. Born in 1887 in Bijnor, U ...

. He was a disciple of

Hussain Ahmad Madani Hussain Ahmad Madani (6 October 1879 – 5 December 1957) was an Indian Islamic scholar, serving as the principal of Darul Uloom Deoband. He was among the first recipients of the civilian honour of Padma Bhushan in 1954.

. Muhammad Miyan started taught at the Madrasa Hanfiyah in

Arrah Arrah (also transliterated as Ara) is a city and a municipal corporation in Bhojpur district (formerly known as Shahabad district) in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the headquarters of Bhojpur district, located near the confluence of the G ...

, Bihar for two years from 1926 to 1928. He later taught at the Madrasa Shahi in

Moradabad Moradabad () is a city, commissionary and municipal corporation in Moradabad district of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Moradabad is situated on the banks of the Ramganga river, at a distance of from the national capital, New Delhi and 344 ...

for a span of sixteen years, starting from March 1928. During these sixteen years, Muhammad Miyan served as a Mufti, rector and as a teacher. After 1947, he shifted to

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...

permanently, and was appointed as the member of the executive council of Madrasa Shahi. In 1380 AH, he was appointed as the honorary rector of the Shahi, and later in 1395 AH made the rector. In 1930, Muhammad Miyan was appointed as the secretary of the Moradabad unit of the

(JUH). Later, he served as the secretary of the Agra and Awadh units of the JUH. He also served as the secretary of preaching department of JUH Agra. On 7 May 1945, he was appointed as the secretary of the JUH, and as the general secretary after the death of Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi; a post he served for a year only, resigning a year later. He was then appointed as a member of the JUH's general body, secretary of Jamiat Trust, and the manager of Idāra Mabahith-e-Fiqhiyyah in Delhi. He was appointed as the senior Hadīth professor and senior Mufti of the Madrasa Aminia, where he served until his death in 1975. Muhammad Miyan died in

on 24 October 1975, aged 72. He is referred as Mu'arrikh-e-Millat for his historical works. His followers refer him as Sayyid-ul-Millat. His students include

Mufti Mahmud Mufti Mehmood ( ur, ; 1919–1980) was a Pakistani politician and Islamic scholar who was one of the founding members of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI).Athar Mubarakpuri and

Asir Adrawi Nizāmuddīn Asīr Adrawi (also known as Asīr Adrawi; 1926 – 20 May 2021) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, biographer, historian and author in the Urdu language. He established Madrassa Darus Salam in Adari and served as Officer In Char ...

Literary works

Muhammad Miyan Deobandi's works include: * ''Ahd-e-Zarrin awr Misali Hukumatein'' * ''Aseeran-e-Malta'' * ''Mishkat al-Athaar'' * ''Shah Abdul Aziz: Afkaar-o-Khidmaat'' * ''Panipat aur Buzurgan-e-Panipat'' * ''

Kya Hai?'' * ''Shawahid-e-Taqaddus'' * ''Tareekh-e-Islam'' * ''Tehreek Reshmi Rumaal'' (Translated to English as ''Silk Letter Movement'') by Muhammadullah Qasmi). * ''Ulama-e-Hind Ka Shandaar Maazi'' (2 volumes) * ''Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname'' (2 volumes) * ''Waliullahi Tehreek''

References

Bibliography

* {{Portal bar, Biography, India, Literature, Islam, Books 20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam 1903 births 1975 deaths Deobandis Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam Indian historians of Islam People from Deoband Indian independence activists from Uttar Pradesh Darul Uloom Deoband alumni 20th-century Indian historians Students of Anwar Shah Kashmiri

Biography

Literary works

See also

References

Bibliography