Muhammad Ghawth (Ghouse, Ghaus or Gwath) Gwaliyari (1500–1562) was a 16th-century

Sufi Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

master of the

Shattari The Shattari or Shattariyya are members of a Sufi mystical tariqah that originated in Persia in the fifteenth century C.E. and developed, completed and codified in India. Later secondary branches were taken to Hejaz and Indonesia. The word Sh ...

order and Sufi saint, a musician, Se
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and the author of ''Jawahir-i Khams'' (Arabic: ''al-Jawahir al-Khams'', The Five Jewels). The book mentioning the life and miracles of Gaus named " Heaven's witness" was written by Kugle.

Biography

Muhammad Ghawth was born in Gwalior, India in 1500; the name Gwaliyari means "of Gwalior". One of his ancestors was

Fariduddin Attar Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221; fa, ابو حامد بن ابوبکر ابراهیم), better known by his pen-names Farīd ud-Dīn () and ʿAṭṭār of Nishapur (, Attar means apothecary), was a PersianRitter, H. ...

of Nishapur. In the preface of ''al-Jawahir al-Khams'', he states that he wrote the book when he was 25 years old. In 1549 he travelled to

Gujarat Gujarat (, ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some ; and the ninth ...

, when he was 50 years old. He stayed in

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad ( ; Gujarati: Amdavad ) is the most populous city in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. Ahmedabad's population of 5,570,585 (per t ...

for ten years where he founded

Ek Toda Mosque Mohammed Ghous Mosque, also known as Mosque of Muhammad Ghous Gwaliori or Shattari or Ek Toda Mosque, is a medieval mosque in Sarangpur area of Ahmedabad Ahmedabad ( ; Gujarati: Amdavad ) is the most populous city in the Indian state of ...

and preached. Ghawth translated the '' Amrtakunda'' from

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

to Persian as the '' Bahr al-Hayat'' (The Ocean of Life), introducing to Sufism a set of

yoga Yoga (; sa, योग, lit=yoke' or 'union ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consciou ...

practices. According to the scholar Carl W. Ernst, in this "translation", Ghawth intentionally reframed these practices with great subtlety to identify "points of contact between the terminologies of Yoga and Sufism". Ghawth died in Gwalior in 1562. His followers believed that he ascended to heaven and from there was able to direct help down to them; and further, that he was the "axial saint, the pivot of the universe". "Among Ghawth's disciples is Fazl Allah Shattari (also known as Shah Fazl Shattari), Reproduced from ''Sufi'' 29 (Spring 1996), pp 9-13. who wrote a biography Se
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or monograph Se
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in praise of his teacher. Gwawth taught the

Mughal Emperor The Mughal emperors ( fa, , Pādishāhān) were the supreme heads of state of the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. The Mughal rulers styled t ...

Humayun Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad ( fa, ) (; 6 March 1508 – 27 January 1556), better known by his regnal name, Humāyūn; (), was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, Northern ...

. No ISBN. ASIN: B0006ERVCA. Se
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Akbar's court musician

Tansen Tansen ( – 26 April 1589), also referred to and commonly known as Sangeet Samrat () , was a Hindustani classical musician. Born in a Hindu Gaur Brahmin family, he learnt and perfected his art in the northwest region of modern Madhya Pr ...

was also familiar with Sufism. Badusha, Abdul Qadir, Shahul Hamid Meeran sahib Ganjasavoy Ganja bakhsh Ganja makhfi of nagore Tamil Nadu and Wajihudden Haidar Ali Sani Hussaini Ulvi Gujrati is also one his important disciple. Muhammad Ghawth died in 1562 CE. Ghawth's tomb, in

Gwalior Gwalior() is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities. Located south of Delhi, the capital city of India, from Agra and from Bhopal, the s ...

(a city in

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (, ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the seco ...

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

), which was built in his honour by Akbar, is a well-known tourist attraction and regarded as an excellent example of Mughal Architecture. Tansen was buried in Ghawth's tomb complex."

Tomb at
Gwalior Gwalior() is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities. Located south of Delhi, the capital city of India, from Agra and from Bhopal, the s ...

His tomb at Gwalior is famous of its stone lattices (

jali A ''jali'' or jaali (''jālī'', meaning "net") is the term for a perforated stone or latticed screen, usually with an ornamental pattern constructed through the use of calligraphy, geometry or natural patterns. This form of architectural d ...

) work. The entire structure is enclosed on all sides by the elaborately and delicately carved stone lattice work. File:al-Jawahir al-Khams.jpg, Ghawth's ''Jawahir al-Khams'' File:Tomb of Mohammad Ghauz-3.jpg, Ghawth's tomb in Gwalior File:Tomb of Mohammad Ghauz-1.jpg, South-east view of tomb Sufi saeed Ali Shah was the former caretaker of the shrine.

Works

* ''Jawahir-i-Khamsa'' (The Five Jewels) which was later translated to Arabic, ''al-Jawahir al-Khams'', by the

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...

-based Shattari teacher Sibghat Allah (d. 1606 CE). In this book Gaus also mentioned about the special creatures known as "Muakkil" which comes under the control of sufis by special Islam chant. * '' Bahr al-Hayat'' (The Ocean of Life), his translation and extension of ''Hawd al-Hayat'' (The Pool of Life), an Arabic translation of a lost

text on

, the ''Amrtakunda''.

References

External links

Silsila e Shuttariya
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ghawth, Muhammad Indian Sufi saints Sufi writers 1562 deaths Year of birth unknown People from Gwalior 1500 births

Biography

Tomb at Gwalior Gwalior() is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities. Located south of Delhi, the capital city of India, from Agra and from Bhopal, the s ...

Works

References

External links

Tomb at
Gwalior Gwalior() is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities. Located south of Delhi, the capital city of India, from Agra and from Bhopal, the s ...