The ''Muhajirun'' ( ar, المهاجرون, al-muhājirūn, singular , ) were the first converts to Islam and the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...

's advisors and relatives, who emigrated with him from

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow ...

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the second-holiest city in Islam, and the capital of the ...

, the event known in Islam as the ''

Hijra Hijra, Hijrah, Hegira, Hejira, Hijrat or Hijri may refer to: Islam * Hijrah (often written as ''Hejira'' in older texts), the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE * Migration to Abyssinia or First Hegira, of Muhammad's followers ...

''. The early Muslims from

are called the '' Ansar'' ("helpers").

During Muhammad's era

About a month after Hamzah's unsuccessful attack in the first caravan raid, Muhammad entrusted a party of sixty ''Muhajirun'' led by Ubaydah to conduct another operation at a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria and protected by one hundred men. The leader of this caravan was

Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayya ibn Abd Shams ( ar, صخر بن حرب بن أمية بن عبد شمس, Ṣakhr ibn Ḥarb ibn Umayya ibn ʿAbd Shams; ), better known by his '' kunya'' Abu Sufyan ( ar, أبو سفيان, Abū Sufyān), was a prominent ...

. The Muslim party went as far as Thanyatul-Murra, a watering place in Hejaz. No fighting took place, as the Quraysh were quite far from the place where Muslims were in the offing to attack the caravan. Nevertheless,

Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas , image = File:Saad ibn Abi Waqqas Masjid an-Nabawi Calligraphy.png , alt = , caption = His name in Arabic calligraphy , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia , death_place ...

shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam. Despite this surprise attack, no fighting took place and the Muslims returned empty-handed. It is believed that Ubaydah was the first to carry the banner of Islam; others say Hamzah was the first to carry the first banner.Witness Pioneer "Pre-Badr Missions and Invasions"
/ref> Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas was ordered to lead the third raid. His group consisted of about twenty Muhajirs. This raid was done about a month after the previous. Sa'd, with his soldiers, set up an ambush in the valley of Kharrar on the road to Mecca and waited to raid a returning Meccan caravan from Syria. But the caravan had already passed and the Muslims returned to Medina without a fight.Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 127Mubarakpuri, Sealed Nectar, P 147 Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic. English versio
here
/ref> Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 345. The fourth raid, known as the

invasion of Waddan The Patrol of al-Abwa or Waddan occurred on the 12th of Rajab in the second Hijri year or in Safar of the same year. Muhammad took a force of 70 men and when he reached Waddan, the Quraysh were not present. However, the Banu Damrah met with Muham ...

, was the first offensive in which Muhammad took part personally with 70, mostly Muhajir, troops. It is said that twelve months after moving to Medina, Muhammad himself led a caravan raid to Waddan (

Al-Abwa Al-Abwā' on MSA West Compendium of Muslim Texts ( ar, ٱَلْأَبْوَاء) is a Hejazi village between Mecca and Medina belonging to the area of Rabigh, on the western coast of Saudi Arabia. The Islamic Prophet Muhammad entered it before th ...

). The aim was to intercept the caravans of the Quraysh. The raid party did not meet any Quraysh during the raid. The fifth raid, known as the invasion of Buwat, was also commanded by Muhammad. A month after the raid at al-Abwa, he personally led 200 men including Muhajirs and Ansars to Bawat, a place on the caravan route of the Quraysh merchants. A herd of 1,500 camels, accompanied by 100 riders under the leadership of

Umayyah ibn Khalaf Umayya ibn Khalaf () (died 13 March 624) was an Arab slave master and the chieftain of the Banu Jumah of the Quraysh in the seventh century. He was one of the chief opponents against the Muslims led by Muhammad. Umayya is best known as the master ...

, a Quraysh. The purpose of these raids was to get back what they had lost when they migrated from Mecca to Medina to avoid persecution by Quraysh for practicing their religion. Quraysh seized the property and belongings left behind by Muslims and sold those.Muḥammad Ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Mukhtaṣar zād al-maʻād, p. 346. The caravan was led by 100 Quraysh and 2,500 camels were with them.Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar (Free Version), p. 128

List

Men

Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib Ḥamza ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ( ar, حمزة بن عبد المطلب; 568 – 625)Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. was a ...

, uncle of Muhammad *

Al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib ( ar, ٱلْعَبَّاسُبْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْمُطَّلِبِ, al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; CE) was a paternal uncle and Sahabi (companion) of Muhammad, just three years older than his ...

, uncle of Muhammad, and the progenitor of

Banu Abbas The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids ( ar, بنو العباس, Banu al-ʿAbbās) were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-M ...

Salman the Persian Salman the Persian or Salmān al-Fārsī ( ar, سَلْمَان ٱلْفَارِسِيّ), born Rūzbeh Khoshnūdān ( fa, ), was a Persian companion (Sahaba) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was raised as a Zoroastrian in Sasanian Persia, ...

* Bilal ibn Rabah * Khunais ibn HudhaifaIslamWeb
/ref> * Abu Dharr al-Ghifari Peshawar Nights o
Al-Islam.org
/ref> *

Miqdad ibn Aswad Miqdaad ibn Amr al-Bahrani ( ar, المقداد بن عمرو ٱلْبَهْرَانِيّ, '), better known as al-Miqdaad ibn al-Aswad al-Kindi ( ar, المقداد بن الأسود ٱلْكِنْدِيّ) or simply Miqdaad, was one of the Sah ...

* Ammar ibn Yasir *

Abu Buraidah al-Aslami Abū Barza al-Aslamī (Arabic: أبو برزة الأسلمي) was a Sahaba of Muhammad and a narrator of hadith. He was one of the Muhajirun The ''Muhajirun'' ( ar, المهاجرون, al-muhājirūn, singular , ) were the first converts to Isl ...

* Khalid ibn Sa`id Sunni Rashidun *

Abu Bakr Abu Bakr Abdallah ibn Uthman Abi Quhafa (; – 23 August 634) was the senior companion and was, through his daughter Aisha, a father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the first caliph of Islam. He is known with the honor ...

, senior companion & father-in-law of Muhammad. Father of Aisha. *

Umar ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ( ar, عمر بن الخطاب, also spelled Omar, ) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate ...

, senior companion & father-in-law of Muhammad. Father of Hafsa. *

Uthman Uthman ibn Affan ( ar, عثمان بن عفان, ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān; – 17 June 656), also spelled by Colloquial Arabic, Turkish and Persian rendering Osman, was a second cousin, son-in-law and notable companion of the Islamic prop ...

, second cousin & son-in-law of Muhammad. Husband of

Umm Kulthum Umm Kulthum ( ar, أم كلثوم, , also spelled ''Oum Kalthoum'' in English; born Fatima Ibrahim es-Sayyid el-Beltagi, ar, فاطمة إبراهيم السيد البلتاجي, Fāṭima ʾIbrāhīm es-Sayyid el-Beltāǧī, link=no; 31 Dece ...

Ruqayyah Ruqayya ( ar, رقيّة) is an Arabic female given name meaning "spell, enchantment, or incantation.” It is not to be confused with a separate Arabic term "Ruqia" from Arabic رقى (ruqia) meaning “to rise” or “ascend.” Ruqayya bint M ...

. *

Ali ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam ...

, cousin & son-in-law of Muhammad. Husband of

Fatimah Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, ...

Women

Sawda bint Zamʿa Sawdah bint Zamʿah ( ar, سودة بنت زمعة) was the second wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and therefore regarded as, Umm-ul-Mu'mineen (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ''ʾumm al- muʾminīn''), "Mother of the ...

second wife of Muhammad * Aisha third wife of Muhammad *

Fatimah bint Asad Fatima bint Asad ( ar, فَاطِمَة بِنْت أَسَد ', 555–626 CE), was the mother of Ali, Ali ibn Abi Talib, married to Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Talib, and an aunt to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Fatima bint Asad and ...

, wife of Abu Talib, mother of ‘Ali, and an aunt of Muhammad * Asmā' bint Abi Bakr, wife of

Zubayr Az Zubayr ( ar, الزبير) is a city in and the capital of Al-Zubair District, part of the Basra Governorate of Iraq. The city is just south of Basra. The name can also refer to the old Emirate of Zubair. The name is also sometimes written Al ...

, and sister-in-law of Muhammad. *

Lubaba bint al-Harith Lubāba bint al-Ḥārith ( ar, لبابة بنت الحارث) (died c. 650), also known as Umm Faḍl, was a prominent early Muslim. Two of her sisters, Maymuna bint al-Harith and Zaynab bint Khuzayma, became wives of the Prophet Muhammad. ...

, wife of Al-‘Abbas, and an aunt and sister-in-law of Muhammad *

Umm Ruman Umm Rumān Zaynab bint ʿĀmir ibn ʿUwaymir ibn ʿAbd Shams ibn ʿAttab al-Kinānīyya (died 628 CE; 6 AH), known by her '' kunya'' "Umm Rumān" ( ar, أمّ رومان زينب بنت عامر بن عويمر بن عبد شمس بن عتاب � ...

, wife of

, and mother-in-law of Muhammad through Aisha.

Daughters of Muhammad

, daughter of Muhammad and the wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib *

, daughter of Muhammad and a wife of Uthman ibn Affan *

, daughter of Muhammad, and a wife of Uthman Ibn Affan * Zaynab, daughter of Muhammad and a wife of

Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' Abū al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ ( ar, أبو العاص بن الربيع, died in February, AD 634), was a son-in-law and Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His original name was said to have been Hushaym or Yasser. Family He was the s ...

Umamah bint Zainab Umāma bint Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ ( ar, أُمَامَة بِنْت أَبِي ٱلْعَاص ابْن ٱلرَّبِيْع}), was a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija, via their daughter Zaynab, and is thus also ...

, grand daughter of Muhammad and a wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib

References

{{Characters and names in the Quran Arabic words and phrases Hijrah Islamic terminology

During Muhammad's era

List

Men

Women

Daughters of Muhammad

See also

References