Mughan plain ( az, Muğan düzü, مغان دوزو; ) is a plain stretching from

northwestern Iran Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan ( fa, آذربایجان, ''Āzarbāijān'' ; az-Arab, آذربایجان, ''Āzerbāyjān'' ), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq, Turkey, the Nakhchivan ...

to the southern part of the

Republic of Azerbaijan A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...

. The highest density of irrigation canals is in the section of the Mughan plain which lies in the Republic of Azerbaijan. It is located on the bank of the

Aras river , az, Araz, fa, ارس, tr, Aras The Aras (also known as the Araks, Arax, Araxes, or Araz) is a river in the Caucasus. It rises in eastern Turkey and flows along the borders between Turkey and Armenia, between Turkey and the Nakhchivan excl ...

extending to Iran. The Mughan plain consists of five cities: Bilehard,

Parsabad Parsabad ( az, Pərsabad, also Romanized as Pârsâbâd), also known as Parsabad-Moghan, is a city in and the capital of Parsabad County, in Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 81,782 in 17,638 families. Parsabad is I ...

, Jafarabad,

Germi Germi ( fa, گرمی, also Romanized as Germī and Germī; also known as Germi Ojarood) is a city in and the capital of Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. Germi is one of the old cities of Ardabil province of Iran and the center o ...

and Aslan Duz. One-third of the plain is located in

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

and the rest is in Azerbaijan. From 1353 to 1372, Garmi was the center of this city. After that, Mughan was divided into three cities, Bileh Savar, Garmi and Parsabad. The soil of this plain is very fertile.

History

Prehistory

Alikomektepe

The ancient settlement of

Alikomektepe Alikomektepe ( az, Əliköməktəpə) is an ancient settlement located in Jalilabad District (Azerbaijan), in the Mugan plain, belonging to the Chalcolithic period, dating to c. 5000 BC. Early levels belonged to the Shulaveri-Shomu culture. It co ...

, dating to 5000 BC, is located in the Mughan plain and covers an area of over 1 hectare.Махмудов Ф.Р., Нариманов П.Г., 1974. Поселение Аликемек-тепеси. АО 1973 г. М. (Russian) Early levels belonged to Shulaveri-Shomu culture.

Mughan culture

Abbasid Caliphate

Mughan was a province of the

Abbasid Caliphate The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ...

, in present-day Iranian Azerbaijan.

Shirvan Khanate

Mughan District was one of the administrative divisions of

Shirvan Khanate Shirvan Khanate ( fa, خانات شیروان, Khānāt-e Shirvan) was a Caucasian khanate under Iranian suzerainty, which controlled the Shirvan region from 1761 to 1820. Background Under the Safavid dynasty of Iran, Shirvan was a leading silk ...

After 1820

After 1820, the Shirvan Khanate was conquered by the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

Maps

Moughan in Abbasid Caliphate.jpg, In Abbasid Caliphate Map of the Shirvan Khanate.png, In the Shirvan Khanate

Notes

References

MOḠĀN
in Iranica {{DEFAULTSORT:Mughan plain Plains of Azerbaijan Plains of Iran